Study on gametogenesis in stony corals

Corallimorpharians are a relative small group of anthozoan cnidarians, also known as jewel sea anemones. They resemble actiniarian sea anemones in lacking a skeleton and being solitary, but resemble scleractinian corals in external and internal morphology, and they are considered to be the sister group of the stony corals. Corynactis carnea (=Sphincteractis sanmatiensis) is a small, common and eye catching species that inhabits the shallow water of northern Patagonia and the Argentinean shelf up to 200 m depth. Corallimorphus rigidus is registered for the first time from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. It is a rather big and rare species that inhabits only the deep sea. Only two specimens were found at 2934 m depth in Mar del Plata submarine canyon, in an area under the influence of the Malvinas current, which may explain its occurrence. These two species are the only two known jewel sea anemones in the Argentinean sea and are reported and described herein.

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Population genetic structure and connectivity of deep-sea stony corals (Order Scleractinia) in the New Zealand region: Implications for the conservation and management of vulnerable marine ecosystems

Evolutionary Applications ◽

10.1111/eva.12509 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1040-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cong Zeng ◽

Ashley A. Rowden ◽

Malcolm R. Clark ◽

Jonathan P. A. Gardner

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic Structure ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Marine Ecosystems ◽

Stony Corals ◽

Conservation And Management

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Vibrio harveyi as a causative agent of the White Syndrome in tropical stony corals

Environmental Microbiology Reports ◽

10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00114.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 120-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Gian Marco Luna ◽

Lucia Bongiorni ◽

Claudia Gili ◽

Francesca Biavasco ◽

Roberto Danovaro

Keyword(s):

Causative Agent ◽

Vibrio Harveyi ◽

White Syndrome ◽

Stony Corals

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Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Sea Anemones, Stony Corals, Soft Corals and Gorgonians (Class: Anthozoa)

Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Cnidarians ◽

10.1201/9780429200038-6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 49-534

Author(s):

Ramasamy Santhanam ◽

Santhanam Ramesh ◽

Gubbiyappa Shivakumar

Keyword(s):

Soft Corals ◽

Sea Anemones ◽

Stony Corals

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Exceptional new fossil of Siphonophrentis gigantea

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27282 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Christian R McCall

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Lophelia Pertusa ◽

Stony Corals ◽

Rugose Corals ◽

Sea Bed ◽

The Family ◽

Water Coral

Rugose Corals, often referred to as Horn Coral, are an extinct order of stony corals in the phylum Cnidaria. They lived from the Ordivician period to the end of the Permian period, and can be found worldwide. A new fossil of Siphonophrentis gigantea, a species of Rugosa in the family Streptelasmatidae, has been recovered from the Devonian strata of the Lucas Formation. The fossil gives clues towards the paleobiology of Siphonophrentis, revealing it to have likely anchored itself to the sea bed in the ocean depths. Siphonophrentis gigantea likely had no relationship with Zooxanthellae, a kind of Dinoflagellate that gives modern extant coral their colour and allows them to photosynthesize. These single celled organisms appear to be absent in Siphonophrentis, and it instead received nutrients from a rich amount of biological debris that fell into its habitat. Further comparisons can be made between Siphonophrentis and the extant, cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa.

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Regional status assessment of stony corals in the US Virgin Islands

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10661-014-3918-z ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 186 (11) ◽

pp. 7165-7181 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

William S. Fisher ◽

Leska S. Fore ◽

Leah M. Oliver ◽

Charles Lobue ◽

Robert Quarles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virgin Islands ◽

Us Virgin Islands ◽

Stony Corals ◽

The Us ◽

Status Assessment

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Masquerade, mimicry and crypsis of the polymorphic sea anemone Phyllodiscus semoni and its aggregations in South Sulawesi

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-08004003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 251-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Bert W. Hoeksema ◽

Andrea L. Crowther

Keyword(s):

Sea Anemone ◽

Soft Corals ◽

Sea Anemones ◽

Stony Corals ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

The Subject ◽

High Level ◽

Intraspecific Morphological Variation ◽

Spermonde Archipelago

Phyllodiscus semoni is a morphologically variable sea anemone species from the Indo-Pacific with morphotypes ranging from upright and branched to low-lying and rounded. The apparent camouflage strategies of this sea anemone allow it to resemble other species or objects in its environment, such as stony corals, soft corals, seaweeds, or rocky boulders covered by algae, which may help it to avoid recognition by potential predators. Occasionally, it occurs in aggregations that may result from asexual reproduction. A high level of intraspecific morphological variation, including co-occurring aggregations of three different morphotypes, was observed in the Spermonde Archipelago off Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The co-occurrence of aggregations with different morphotypes suggests that Phyllodiscus is a highly polymorphic monospecific genus. Sea anemones of this genus are not frequently encountered at other localities and the number of morphotypes seems large. Therefore, it is unlikely that we are dealing with more than one species that are all concentrated in a single area. Phyllodiscus sea anemones are considered dangerous to humans because their nematocysts contain highly toxic venoms that may inflict harmful stings. Therefore they are the subject of recent toxicological studies. The present paper aims to assist in the recognition of these highly variable hazardous animals and to discuss the appearance of their aggregations.

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A review of Caribbean Copepoda associated with reef-dwelling cnidarians, echinoderms and sponges

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-20191411 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 297-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oksana A. Korzhavina ◽

Bert W. Hoeksema ◽

Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko

Keyword(s):

Gulf Of Mexico ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

Stony Corals ◽

Southern Caribbean ◽

Eastern Caribbean ◽

Symbiotic Copepods

This review of copepod crustaceans associated with reef-dwelling cnidarians, sponges and echinoderms of the Greater Caribbean is based on published records, systematically arranged by the classification of symbiotic copepods and their hosts, sampling sites, coordinates, depth and date of sampling, literature sources, and three recent surveys (Cuba, St. Eustatius in the Eastern Caribbean and Curaçao in the Southern Caribbean). This resulted in totals of 532 records of 115 species of symbiotic copepods (47 genera, 17 families, three orders) hosted by 80 species of invertebrates, representing scleractinians (47%), octocorals (9%), echinoderms (3%), and sponges (1%). Among ten Caribbean ecoregions, the Greater Antilles (with 64 species of symbiotic copepods) as well as the Southern and Eastern Caribbean (with 46 and 17 species of copepods, respectively) are the most studied and best represented, whereas only six species of copepods are known from Bermuda, one from Southwestern Caribbean and none from the Gulf of Mexico. The absence of poecilostomatoid copepods (Anchimolgidae, Rhynchomolgidae and Xarifidae) on Caribbean stony corals as noted by Stock (1988) is confirmed. The results indicate that the diversity and ecology of Caribbean symbiotic copepods are still poorly investigated.

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