Modeling of Contact Patch in Dual-Chamber Pneumatic Tires

ABSTRACT This study presents an investigation of the inner tire surface strain measurement by using piezoelectric polymer transducers adhered on the inner liner of the tire, acting as strain sensors in both conventional and dual-chamber tires. The piezoelectric elements generate electrical charges when strain is applied. The inner liner tire strain can be found from the generated charge. A wireless data logger was employed to measure and transmit the measured signals from the piezoelectric elements to a PC to store and display the readout signals in real time. The strain data can be used as a monitoring system to recognize tire-loading conditions (e.g., traction, braking, and cornering) in smart tire technology. Finite element simulations, using ABAQUS, were employed to estimate tire deformation patterns in both conventional and dual-chamber tires for pure rolling and steady-state cornering conditions for different inflation pressures to simulate on-road and off-road riding tire performances and to compare with the experimental results obtained from both the piezoelectric transducers and tire test rig.

Download Full-text

Monitoring water fluxes in rice plots under three different cultivation methods

Journal of Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.4081/jae.2013.403 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (2s) ◽

Author(s):

Enrico Antonio Chiaradia ◽

Daniele Ferrari ◽

Gian Battista Bischetti ◽

Arianna Facchi ◽

Olfa Gharsallah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Considerable Effect ◽

Level Gauge ◽

Total Production ◽

Water Fluxes ◽

Wireless Data ◽

Data Logger ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

The North

Italy is the leading producer of rice in Europe with over half of total production, almost totally concentrated in a large traditional paddy rice area between the Lombardy and Piedmont regions, in the north-western part of the country. In this area irrigation of rice has been traditionally carried out by flooding. The introduction of new combined irrigation and agronomic management practices (dry seeding followed by field flooding and in a full aerobic cultivation with intermittent irrigations), aiming to reduce the water consumption, can determine considerable effect on the landscape and the water cycle. With the aim to study in depth the water fluxes during the whole crop season, three experimental plots at the Ente Nazionale Risi-Rice Research Centre’s Experimental Station of Castello d’Agogna (PV) were instrumented. In each plot the following instruments have been installed: 1) a long throated flume and a double shaped (V-notch and rectangular) thin plate for superficial inputs and outputs, 3) a set of piezometers for groundwater levels, 4) one stage level gauge in each submerged field, 5) four tensiometers and moisture sensors clusters, 6) one eddy covariance station for vapour fluxes estimation. Most of the instruments were equipped with electrical sensors connected by cables to a wireless data logger that, in turn, send the data to a PC placed within ENR offices and web-connected by a LAN. In this way, besides the automatic download of data, it was possible to remotely control the devices, to quickly fix troubles, and to better plan the field trips. The management of the whole framework was done by a specifically developed software. In this paper the whole system, which presents some degree of innovation, is described in detail.

Download Full-text

Core-Temperature Sensor Ingestion Timing and Measurement Variability

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-45.6.594 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 594-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Joseph W. Domitrovich ◽

John S. Cuddy ◽

Brent C. Ruby

Keyword(s):

Core Temperature ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽

Wireless Data ◽

Data Logger ◽

Measurement Variability ◽

Percentage Body Fat ◽

Trial Time ◽

Time Interaction ◽

Main Effect

Abstract Context: Telemetric core-temperature monitoring is becoming more widely used as a noninvasive means of monitoring core temperature during athletic events. Objective: To determine the effects of sensor ingestion timing on serial measures of core temperature during continuous exercise. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Outdoor dirt track at an average ambient temperature of 4.4°C ± 4.1°C and relative humidity of 74.1% ± 11.0%. Patients or Other Participants: Seven healthy, active participants (3 men, 4 women; age = 27.0 ± 7.5 years, height = 172.9 ± 6.8 cm, body mass = 67.5 ± 6.1 kg, percentage body fat = 12.7% ± 6.9%, peak oxygen uptake [V˙o2peak] = 54.4 ± 6.9 mL•kg−1•min−1) completed the study. Intervention(s): Participants completed a 45-minute exercise trial at approximately 70% V˙o2peak. They consumed core-temperature sensors at 24 hours (P1) and 40 minutes (P2) before exercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): Core temperature was recorded continuously (1-minute intervals) using a wireless data logger worn by the participants. All data were analyzed using a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (trial × time), Pearson product moment correlation, and Bland-Altman plot. Results: Fifteen comparisons were made between P1 and P2. The main effect of time indicated an increase in core temperature compared with the initial temperature. However, we did not find a main effect for trial or a trial × time interaction, indicating no differences in core temperature between the sensors (P1 = 38.3°C ± 0.2°C, P2 = 38.3°C ± 0.4°C). Conclusions: We found no differences in the temperature recordings between the 2 sensors. These results suggest that assumed sensor location (upper or lower gastrointestinal tract) does not appreciably alter the transmission of reliable and repeatable measures of core temperature during continuous running in the cold.

Download Full-text

Design and development of a tablet based real time wireless data logger

2012 IEEE Global High Tech Congress on Electronics ◽

10.1109/ghtce.2012.6490135 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhan Wei Siew ◽

Chen How Wong ◽

Shee Eng Tan ◽

Hou Pin Yoong ◽

Kenneth Tze Kin Teo

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Wireless Data ◽

Data Logger ◽

Design And Development

Download Full-text

Development of piezoelectric paint thick-film vibration sensors

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1243/095440605x8441 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 219 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J M Hale ◽

J R White ◽

R Stephenson ◽

F Liu

Keyword(s):

Thick Film ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

Strain Sensors ◽

Fabrication Process ◽

Vibration Monitoring ◽

Structural Vibration ◽

Dynamic Strain ◽

Vibration Sensors ◽

Piezoelectric Polymer ◽

Adverse Environments

This paper describes a programme of trials of thick-film dynamic strain sensors made using ‘piezoelectric paint’. The fabrication process is described and it is shown that the sensitivity is comparable with that of other thick-film sensors and the piezoelectric polymer polyvnylidenefluoride (PVDF). A series of dynamic and environmental tests is described. The dynamic range and bandwidth are shown to be suitable for structural vibration monitoring, and to be largely unaffected by adverse environments (rain, frost, sunlight, etc.).

Download Full-text