scholarly journals Methods of decoding of the geoecological conditions of territories of mining complexes based on the data of earth remote sensing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Иванов ◽  
А.В. Стриженок ◽  
И.К. Супрун
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Earth

В последние десятилетия наблюдается устойчивая тенденция к значительному увеличению объемов добычи и переработки минерального сырья, что, в свою очередь приводит к увеличению объемов промышленных отходов, преобладающим способом утилизации которых является наземное размещение в виде техногенных массивов. Такие техногенные массивы особенно сильно подвержены риску возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций, которые могут повлечь за собой значительный социальный, экологический и экономический ущерб. В этой связи особую актуальность для общества, экономики и государства приобретает разработка и внедрение на территории воздействия хранилищ промышленных отходов систем экологического мониторинга, позволяющих оперативно выявлять источники техногенной нагрузки и осуществлять своевременную их ликвидацию. Одной из наиболее инновационных и развивающихся сфер экологического мониторинга на сегодняшний день является мониторинг состояния компонентов природной среды на основании данных дистанционного зондирования земли. На сегодняшний день мониторинг состояния природных объектов, подверженных негативному воздействию предприятий минерально-сырьевого комплекса, с использованием данных дистанционного зондирования земли представляет значительный практический и научный интерес. Все разнообразие приемов и способов дешифрирования космоснимков сводится к двум основным методам: визуальному и автоматизированному (компьютерному). Под визуальным дешифрированием понимается процесс, выполняемый оператором. В противоположность этому автоматизированное (компьютерное) дешифрирование это программная обработка снимков на компьютере при помощи специальных программ. Космическая съемка заняла прочное место в системе средств, применяемых при проведении мониторинга окружающей среды. Перечень тематических задач, решаемых по данным дистанционного зондирования Земли огромен, а мониторинг экологической ситуации территорий, подверженных негативному воздействию объектов минерально-сырьевого комплекса, на основании данных дистанционного зондирования Земли является перспективным и активно развивающимся методом экологического мониторинга. В данной работе представлены основные методы дешифрирования геоэкологических условий территорий горнопромышленных комплексов на основании данных дистанционного зондирования земли There are a steady tendency to significantly increase the volume of extraction and processing of mineral raw materials on our planet in recent decades. It leads to an increase in the volume of industrial waste, which predominant method of disposal is placement on the Earth surface in the form of anthropogenic arrays. Such anthropogenic arrays are especially subjecting to the risk of emergencies, which can entail significant social, environmental and economic damage. In this regard, the development and implementation of environmental monitoring systems on the territory of the impact of industrial waste storages, which can quickly identify sources of anthropogenic load and carry out their timely elimination, is of particular relevance to society, the economy and the state. Monitoring of the state of components of the environment based on remote sensing data is one of the most innovative and developing areas of environmental monitoring today. Today, monitoring the state of natural objects exposed to the negative impact of the enterprises of the mineral resource complex using data from remote sensing of the earth is of significant practical and scientific interest. The whole variety of techniques and methods for decoding satellite images is reduced to two main methods: visual and automated (computer). Visual decryption refers to the process performed by the operator. In contrast, automated decryption is the software processing of images on a computer using special programs. Space imagery has taken a strong place in the system of tools used in environmental monitoring. The list of thematic tasks to be solved according to the Earths remote sensing data is huge, and monitoring the environmental situation of territories exposed to the negative impact of the mineral resources complex, based on the Earths remote sensing data, is a promising and actively developing method of environmental monitoring. This paper presents the main methods of decoding of the geo-ecological conditions of territories of mining complexes based on the data of earth remote sensing.

scholarly journals Assessment of Winter Wheat Plant Development during the Seeding and Tillering Stages According to the Earth Remote Sensing Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Irina G. Storchak ◽  
Fedor V. Eroshenko ◽  
Lusine R. Oganyan ◽  
Elena O. Shestakova ◽  
Anastasiya A. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Spectral Brightness ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Earth

Introduction. The importance of controlling the organogenesis stages is that it provides the opportunity to create favorable conditions during the development of certain elements of the yield structure by caring crops and influence the grain quality. The objective of the work is to define a connection between the Earth remote sensing data and the state of winter wheat plants in the initial period of their growth and development. Materials and Methods. The object of the study was the winter wheat plantings. The wheat varieties “Odisseya”, “Olympus”, “Niva Stavropolya”, “Victoria 11”, “Nastya” and “Firuza 40” were sown by plot in the experimental field. The industrial crops of winter wheat were studied to assess the state of the plants in the tillering stage in 2012–2013, 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 agricultural years. The Earth remote sensing data were obtained using the “VEGA” service of FBSI “Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences”. Results. The obtained function of the dependence of NDVI of winter wheat crops on the height and development stage of plants is a polynomial of the third degree and is characterized by high accuracy (Rcorr = 0.98). The analysis of the NDVI, RED and NIR data of fields on dates close to the dates of collecting plant samples showed a considerable degree of relationship between the vegetation index NDVI and height of winter wheat plants. In 2013, the correlation coefficient was 0.60, in 2014 – 0.66, in 2016 – 0.80, and in 2013–2016 on average about 0.85. Discussion and Conclusion. The studies have shown that the Earth remote sensing data can be used to assess the state and degree of the development of winter wheat crops during the seeding and tillering stages, including in the production conditions. To improve the accuracy of the assessment, it is better to use the spectral brightness values in the infrared region of the spectrum.

scholarly journals Efficient land use based on remote sensing data

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Y. M. Kenzhegaliyev ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Spectral Reflectivity ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Current Location

The goal -is to explore ways of using Earth remote sensing data for efficient land use. Methods - detailed information on current location of certain types of agricultural crops in the study areas has been summarized, which opens up opportunities for the effective use of cultivated areas. It was revealed that the basis of the principle of the method under consideration is the relationship between the state and structure of vegetation types with its reflective ability. It has been determined that information on the spectral reflective property of the vegetation cover in the future can help replace more laborious methods of laboratory analysis. For classification of farmland, satellite images of medium spatial resolution with a combination of channels in natural colors were selected. Results - a method for identifying agricultural plants by classification according to the maximum likelihood algorithm was considered. The commonly used complexes of geoinformation software products with modules for special image processing allow displaying indicators in the form of raster images. It is shown that the use of Earth remote sensing data is the most relevant solution in the field of crop recognition and makes it possible to simplify the implementation of such types of work as the analysis of the intensity of land use, the assessment of the degree of pollution with weeds and determination of crop productivity. Conclusions - the research results given in the article indicate that timely information on the current location of certain types of agricultural crops in the studied territories significantly simplifies the implementation of the tasks and increases the resource potential of agricultural lands. In turn, the timing of the survey and the state of environment affect the spectral reflectivity of vegetation.

scholarly journals Pedagogical techniques of Earth remote sensing data application into modern school practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Ihor V. Kholoshyn ◽  
Iryna M. Varfolomyeyeva ◽  
Olena V. Hanchuk ◽  
Olga V. Bondarenko ◽  
Andrey V. Pikilnyak
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
School Practice ◽  
Modern School ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Information And Communication

The article dwells upon the Earth remote sensing data as one of the basic directions of Geo-Information Science, a unique source of information on processes and phenomena occurring in almost all spheres of the Earth geographic shell (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, etc.). The authors argue that the use of aerospace images by means of the information and communication technologies involvement in the learning process allows not only to increase the information context value of learning, but also contributes to the formation of students’ cognitive interest in such disciplines as geography, biology, history, physics, computer science, etc. It has been grounded that remote sensing data form students’ spatial, temporal and qualitative concepts, sensory support for the perception, knowledge and explanation of the specifics of objects and phenomena of geographical reality, which, in its turn, provides an increase in the level of educational achievements. The techniques of aerospace images application into the modern school practice have been analyzed and illustrated in the examples: from using them as visual aids, to realization of practical and research orientation of training on the basis of remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the practical component of the Earth remote sensing implementation into the modern school practice with the help of information and communication technologies.

On the problems of calibrating Russian measuring devices on the satellites for remote sensing the Earth

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 (6) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
V.F. Chekalin ◽  
A.A. Sukhov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Metrological Parameters ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

The article deals with modern photogrammetric production’s problems appearing at processing the Russian Earth remote sensing data. It is found out that todaythe main of them consists in the absence till now of the working system fortransferring linear and angular measures from national standard to the workingmeasuring devices. The necessity of creating a three-staged calibration scheme, which would guarantee the highest accuracy and stability of operating on-board measuring equipment, is justified. In addition, it is noted, that the existing technology of Earth remote sensing data processing does notprovide correct using of calibrated metrological parameters of the measuring equipment. The suggestions for eliminating that imperfection are given. The essence of the flight calibration principle foron-board equipment is formulated. The necessary list of the surveying systems’ metrological parameters and target equipment is defined.

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