Eversion carotid endarterectomy with transposition of the internal carotid artery according to A.N. Kazantsev. Hospital and long-term results.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Anton N. Kazantsev ◽  
Konstantin P. Chernykh ◽  
Nona E. Zarkua ◽  
Artem D. Abdullaev ◽  
Anastasiya V. Povtoreiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Long Term Results

Aim. This study provides an analysis of the results of eversion carotid endarterectomy (CEE) with transposition of the internal carotid artery (ICA) over the hypoglossal nerve, according to A.N. Kazantsev. Materials and Methods. The given prospective open study covering the period from January 2017 to May 2020 involved 311 patients who underwent eversion CEE with transposition of ICA over the hypoglossal nerve, according to A.N. Kazantsev. Transposition was performed in the following way: after standard isolation of the carotid arteries, their compression, arteriosection, and removal of atherosclerotic plaque, ICA was extracted in the area above the hypoglossal nerve and was implanted to the same position. The condition of the patient was controlled on repeated visits to the clinic every six months. Hemodynamics in the reconstruction zone were studied using multispiral computed tomography with angiography of carotid bifurcation with 0.6 mm steps and processing the obtained results in Sim Vascular and Open Foam programs in DICON format. The follow-up period was 18.37.1 months. In case of development of restenosis, reCEE was performed with patch plasty of the reconstruction zone. For histologic examination, the restenosis area was stained by the van Gieson method. Results. In the hospital follow-up period, one case of myocardial infarction was noted that developed due to the stents thrombosis in the anterior descending artery deployed two years before. When studying the hemodynamic properties of carotid bifurcation in the postoperative period using computer modeling, in all cases, no changes or obstacles to blood flow were formed in the ICA in the area above the hypoglossal nerve. In the long-term follow-up period, two cases of lethal outcome were recorded connected with the onset of an oncological disease. In one case, due to recurrence of the pulmonary artery thromboembolism. In two cases, the cause of myocardial infarction was thrombosis/occlusion of venous anastomoses (in one patient to the circumflex artery, in the other to the right coronary artery). In four cases, repeated acute cerebrovascular accidents developed due to restenosis after CEE. In cases of significant restenosis (n=8), reCEE was performed with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch. The average restenosis period was 8.23.6 months. No cardiovascular complications and cases of hypoglossal nerve traumatization were identified. Intraoperatively, it was confirmed that restenosis was formed in the bifurcation zone, in front of the perimeter of the primary arteriosection. According to the results of histological examination, the main cause of all restenoses was hyperplasia of the neointima. Conclusion. The eversion CEE with the transposition of the ICA, according to A.N.Kazantsev, creates conditions for additional maneuvers in case of restenosis and implementation of reCEE. The ICAs placement over the hypoglossal nerve during primary CEE allows more confident isolation of carotid artery bifurcation from scar tissues with a zero risk of damage to the hypoglossal nerve. Such a course of the operation makes it possible to apply a clamp on the ICA and perform arteriotomy in any location without the threat of injury to the nerve structures.

scholarly journals Long-term results of eversion surgeries for internal carotid artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-340
Author(s):  
I R Zakirov ◽  
I R Yagafarov ◽  
M G Khatypov ◽  
N G Sibagatullin ◽  
M Kh Zakirzyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Eversion Endarterectomy

Aim. Analysis of long-term results of eversion carotid endarterectomy in patients with atherosclerotic carotid stenosis.Methods. 272 eversion carotid endarterectomy surgeries was performed from June 2008 to December 2014 in the department of cardiac surgery. Long-term results were studied in 198 (73%) patients, with follow-up term ranging from 6 to 48 months. The method of operation serves as a criterion separating Patients were allocated into two groups by the surgery method: in the first group, eversion endarterectomy was performed by Kieny, in the second - by DeBakey.Results. Reconstructed ipsilateral internal carotid artery was passable during the follow-up period in 100% of cases, as confirmed by ultrasonography. In the late period, the mortality in the first group was 2.3% (myocardial infarction and cancer), compared to 1.5% in the second group (myocardial infarction). Acute ischemic stroke occurred in 0.8% of the first group patients and in 1.5% of the second group patients. Restenosis of 50 to 69% were discovered in 3.7% of cases in first group and in 3% in the second group. Restenosis ≥70% were found in 1.5% in both groups of patients.Conclusion. The obtained data confirm that both methods of eversion carotid endarterectomy are safe and reliable in treatment of carotid arteries atherosclerosis and, thus, preventing stroke.

scholarly journals Surgical Treatment of Proximal Segmental Occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Srdjan Babić ◽  
Slobodan Tanasković ◽  
Mihailo Nešković ◽  
Predrag Gajin ◽  
Dragoslav Nenezić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Purpose. To present the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of carotid endarterectomy in patients with type II internal carotid artery occlusions, including the long-term outcomes. Methods. From March 2008 to August 2015, 74 consecutive patients (48 men with a mean age of 65.1 ± 8.06 years) underwent carotid endarterectomy because of internal carotid artery (ICA) segmental occlusions. These were verified with preoperative carotid duplex scans (CDS) and CT angiography (CTA). Also, brain CT scanning was performed in all these patients. The indication for treatment was made jointly by a vascular surgeon, neurologist, and an interventional radiologist in a multidisciplinary team (MDT) context. After successful treatment, all the patients were followed-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, then every 6 months thereafter. Results. The most common symptom at presentation was transient ischaemic attack (TIA) in 49 patients (66.2%), followed by stroke in the past six months in the 17 remaining patients (23%). Revascularisation of the ICA with endarterectomy techniques was performed successfully in all the patients with an average clamp time of 11.9 min. All the procedures were performed under general anaesthesia in combination with a superficial cervical block. The early complication rate was 8.1% and included two cardiac events (2.7%) (one rhythm disorder and one acute coronary syndrome), three TIAs (4.1%), and one intracerebral hemorrhage (1.3%). Only one patient with the intracerebral hemorrhage died 5 days after surgery giving a postoperative mortality of 1.3% for this series. During the follow-up period (mean 50.4 ± 31.3 months), the primary patency rates at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years were 98.4%, 94.9%, 92.9%, and 82.9%, respectively. Likewise, the survival rates were 98.7%, 96.8%, 89%, and 77.6%, respectively. Ultrasound Doppler controls during follow-up detected 8 ICA restenoses; however, only 3 of these patients required further endovascular treatment. Conclusions. Carotid endarterectomy of internal carotid artery (ICA) segmental occlusion is a safe and effective procedure associated with acceptable risk and good long-term results. Therefore, the current guidelines which do not recommend carotid endarterectomy in this patient group should be reassessed, with the requirement for ongoing large-scale randomized controlled trials to compare CEA with best medical therapy in this patient cohort.

scholarly journals Combined open and hybrid interventions in the coronary and internal carotid arteries - search for the perfect approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
А.Н. Казанцев ◽  
К.П. Черных ◽  
Н.Э. Заркуа ◽  
Р.Ю. Лидер ◽  
К.Г. Кубачев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Internal Carotid Arteries ◽  
Group 1

Цель: сравнительный анализ госпитальных и отдаленных результатов открытой симультанной стратегии коронарного шунтирования + каротидной эндартерэктомии (КШ+КЭЭ) и гибридной стратегии чрескожного коронарного вмешательства + каротидной эндартерэктомии (ЧКВ+КЭЭ). Материалы и методы: В данное когортное, сравнительное, ретроспективное, открытое исследование включено 180 пациентов с сочетанным поражением коронарных и внутренних сонных артерий, направлявшихся на симультанное вмешательство или гибридную операцию в период с января 2011г по декабрь 2015г. и имевших сопоставимое поражение коронарного русла. Все исследуемые пациенты были разделены на две группы: группа 1 – КШ+КЭЭ (n=116) и группа 2 − ЧКВ+КЭЭ (n=64). В группе 1 средний период наблюдения составил 50±17 мес, в группе 2 – 53±17 мес. Комбинированная конечная точка включала в себя совокупность таких кардиоваскулярных событий, как: смерть + ИМ + ОНМК/ТИА. При критическом уровне значимости p<0,05 различия считались статистически достоверными. Результаты: в госпитальном периоде значимых различий по частоте осложнений получено не было. В группе 1 выявлено 2 летальных исхода (1,7%), 1 инфаркт миокарда (0,9%), 5 ишемических инсультов (4,3%). В группе 2 среди осложнений получено 3 кровотечения, потребовавших ревизии раны (4,7%) относительно 9 кровотечений группы КШ+КЭЭ, закончившихся ремедиастинотомией (7,8%), р=0,63. В отдаленном периоде наблюдения значимых различий по частоте неблагоприятных исходов получено не было, однако отмечено возрастание частоты комбинированной конечной точки в группе ЧКВ+КЭЭ против КШ+КЭЭ (15/64 (23,4%) vs 17/116 (14,9%), р = 0,2) за счет рестеноза/тромбоза стента, спровоцировавшего инфаркт миокарда и повторную незапланированную реваскуляризацию миокарда. Заключение: исследование не показало значимых различий результатов открытой и гибридной реваскуляризации миокарда и головного мозга. Однако выявлена тенденция в нарастании числа неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий после ЧКВ+КЭЭ в отдаленном периоде относительно КШ+КЭЭ в виду возрастания числа тромбозов/рестенозов стента. Данная особенность подчеркивает преимущества более агрессивных методов реваскуляризации над интервенционными. Objective: A comparative analysis of the hospital and long-term results of the open strategy - simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting + carotid endarterectomy (CABG+CEE) and the hybrid strategy - percutaneous coronary intervention + carotid endarterectomy (PCI+CEE). Materials and methods: This cohort, comparative, retrospective, open-label study included 180 patients with a comparable lesion of the coronary channel and combined lesions of the coronary and internal carotid arteries going for simultaneous intervention or a hybrid operation from January 2011 to December 2015. All studied patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 - CABG+CEE (n=116); Group 2 - PCI+CEE (n=64). In group 1, the average follow-up period was 50±17 months; in group 2 - 53±17 months. Results: in the in-hospital period, no significant differences in the frequency of complications were obtained. 2 deaths (1.7%), 1 myocardial infarction (0.9%) and 5 ischemic strokes (4.3%) were detected in group 1. There were 3 bleedings cases requiring wound revision (4.7%) in the PCI + CEE group versus 9 in the CABG + CEE group requiring remediastinotomy (7.8%), p=0.63. In the long-term follow-up no significant differences in the frequency of adverse outcomes were obtained, however, an increase in the combined endpoint frequency in the PCI+CEE group as compared to CABG+CEE group was noted (15/64 (23,4%) vs 17/116 (14,9%), р=0,2, due to the stent restenosis/thrombosis which provoked myocardial infarction and repeated unplanned myocardial revascularization. Conclusion: the study showed no significant differences when performing open or hybrid myocardium and brain revascularization. However there is a tendency to increase the number of adverse cardiovascular events in the long-term period after PCI+CEE as compared to CABG+CEE mostly due to stent thromboses/restenoses. This feature emphasizes the advantages of more aggressive methods of revascularization over interventional.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of conventional and eversion carotid endarterectomy: Prospective randomized study

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Markovic ◽  
Lazar Davidovic ◽  
Zivan Maksimovic ◽  
Ilija Kuzmanovic ◽  
Nikola Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Eversion Endarterectomy ◽  
Significant Difference

INTRODUCTION Studies completed in the last decade of the 20th century showed benefits of carotid endarterectomy in the prevention of stroke in patients with a high-grade stenosis of the internal carotid artery. OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective, randomized study was the comparison of early and long-term results between the conventional and eversion carotid endarterectomy, and literature review. METHOD By the method of random choice, 103 patients were operated on using the eversion carotid endarterectomy and 98 patients using the conventional technique. Operative treatment was carried out under general anaesthesia. Following the clammping of the carotid artery, retrograde blood pressure was determined by a direct puncture of the internal carotid artery above the stenotic lesions. In patients with retrograde pressure below 20 mm Hg intraluminal shunting was routinely performed. Early results were estimated (during the first seven postoperative days) based on mortality, central neurological complications (stroke, TIA) and cranial or cervical nerve lesions. Long-term results were estimated (after at least two years) based on long-term survival rate, central neurological complications (stroke, TIA) and the incidence of haemodynamically significant restenosis of the carotid artery treated by endarterectomy. RESULTS The average time of clamming of the internal carotid artery in the eversion carotid anderectomy group was 5.36 minutes shorter than in the group treated by the conventional technique. Student's t-test showed a statistically highly significant difference in the time needed for clamming of the internal carotid artery between the two groups. The average duration of eversion endarterectomy (82 minutes) was most often 19 minutes shorter than the duration of the conventional endarterectomy (101 minutes). Student's t-test showed a statistically highly significant difference in the average length of surgeries. The distal intimal fixation was more often needed during the conventional carotid endarterectomy (34.7%) compared to eversion endarterectomy (3.9%). ?2-test showed a statistically highly significant difference. CONCLUSION Eversion carotid endarectomy represents a statistically significantly shorter procedure. Distal intimal fixation demanded by this procedure is very rare, clammping of the internal carotid artery is significantly shorter, and it also has a lower rate of the early neurological complications. Based on the results of this study, as well as the opinions of other authors, it can be concluded that the eversion carotid endarterectomy has an advantage over the conventional procedure. We recommend conventional procedure only in cases when retrograde pressure indicates the use of the intraluminal shunting.

Long-term stability of fusiform dilatation of the internal carotid artery following surgery adjacent to the circle of Willis: report of 2 cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Madeline B. Karsten ◽  
R. Michael Scott
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Suprasellar Region

Fusiform dilatation of the internal carotid artery (FDCA) is a known postoperative imaging finding after craniopharyngioma resection. FDCA has also been reported following surgery for other lesions in the suprasellar region in pediatric patients and is thought to be due to trauma to the internal carotid artery (ICA) wall during tumor dissection. Here, the authors report 2 cases of pediatric patients with FDCA. Case 1 is a patient in whom FDCA was visualized on follow-up scans after total resection of a craniopharyngioma; this patient’s subsequent scans and neurological status remained stable throughout a 20-year follow-up period. In case 2, FDCA appeared after resection and fenestration of a giant arachnoid cyst in a 3-year-old child, with 6 years of stable subsequent follow-up, an imaging finding that to the authors’ knowledge has not previously been reported following surgery for arachnoid cyst fenestration. These cases demonstrate that surgery involving dissection adjacent to the carotid artery wall in pediatric patients may lead to the development of FDCA. On very long-term follow-up, this imaging finding rarely changes and virtually all patients remain asymptomatic. Neurointerventional treatment of FDCA in the absence of symptoms or significant late enlargement of the arterial ectasia does not appear to be indicated.

Long-term Follow-up of Blister Aneurysms of the Internal Carotid Artery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yashar S. Kalani ◽  
Joseph M. Zabramski ◽  
Louis J. Kim ◽  
Shakeel A. Chowdhry ◽  
George A. C. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Glasgow Outcome Scale ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Radiology Reports ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Operative Notes

Abstract BACKGROUND: Blister aneurysms of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are uncommon. There is a paucity of data on the long-term outcomes of patients. OBJECTIVE: To review our experience with the treatment of these lesions. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all aneurysms treated at our institution between 1994 and 2005. Relevant operative notes, radiology reports, and inpatient/outpatient records were reviewed. RESULTS: Seventeen patients (3 male, 14 female) with 18 blister aneurysms of the ICA were identified. The mean age was 44.6 years (range, 17–72; median, 42 years). Twelve patients (70.6%) presented with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The mean admission Glasgow Outcome Scale score was 4.3 (range, 2–5; median, 5). All patients were initially treated using microsurgical technique with direct clipping (n = 15; 83.3%) or clip-wrapping with Gore-Tex (n = 3, 16.7%). There were 4 cases of intraoperative rupture, all associated with attempted direct clipping; all 4 cases were successfully clipped. Two cases rebled post-treatment. Both rebleeding episodes were managed with endovascular stenting. Follow-up angiography was available for 14 patients and revealed a new aneurysm adjacent to the site of clipping in 1 patient and in-stent stenosis in 2. At the mean follow-up of 74.5 months (median, 73; range, 7–165), the mean Glasgow Outcome Scale score was 4.6 (range, 2–5; median, 5). CONCLUSION: Microsurgical treatment of blister aneurysms of the ICA results in excellent outcome. In the evolution of treating these friable aneurysms, we have modified our clip-wrapping technique and use this technique when direct clipping is not feasible.

Management of postoperative internal carotid artery intimal flap after carotid endarterectomy: a cohort study and systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rychen ◽  
Adrian Madarasz ◽  
Michael Murek ◽  
Philippe Schucht ◽  
Mirjam R. Heldner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Intimal Flap

OBJECTIVE Postoperative internal carotid artery (ICA) intimal flap (IF) is a potential complication after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for carotid artery stenosis. There are no clear recommendations in the current literature on the management of this condition due to sparse evidence. Some authors advocate carotid stent placement or reoperation, while others suggest watchful waiting. The aim of this study was to analyze incidence and management strategies of postoperative ICA-IF, and moreover, to put these findings into context with a systematic literature review. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed all consecutive CEA cases performed at the University Hospital of Bern over a decade (January 2008 to December 2018). The incidence of postoperative ICA-IF, risk factors, management strategies, and outcomes were analyzed. These results were put into context with a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A total of 725 CEAs were performed between January 2008 and December 2018. Postoperative ICA-IF was detected by routine duplex neurovascular ultrasound (NVUS) in 13 patients, corresponding to an incidence rate of 1.8% (95% CI 1.0%–3.1%). There were no associated intraluminal thrombi on the detected IF. Intraoperative shunt placement was used in 5.6% and one or more intima tack sutures were performed in 42.5% of the 725 cases. There was no significant association between intraoperative shunt placement and the occurrence of an IF (p > 0.99). Two patients (15.4%) with IF experienced a transient postoperative neurological deficit (transient ischemic attack). In these cases, the symptoms resolved spontaneously without any interventions or change in the antiplatelet regimen. All other cases (84.6%) with IF were asymptomatic. In 1 patient (7.7%) with IF, the antiplatelet treatment was switched from a mono- to a dual-antiaggregating regimen because the IF led to a stenosis > 70%; this patient remained asymptomatic. All cases of IFs were managed conservatively with close radiological follow-up evaluations, without reoperation or stenting of the ICA. All 13 IFs vanished spontaneously after a mean duration of 6.9 months (median 1.5 months, range 0.5–48 months). A systematic literature review revealed a postoperative ICA-IF incidence of 3.0% (95% CI 2.1%–4.1%) with relatively heterogenous management strategies. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative ICA-IF is a rare finding after CEA. Conservative therapy with close NVUS follow-up evaluations appears to be an acceptable and safe management strategy for asymptomatic IFs without associated intraluminal thrombi.

Successful management of bilateral internal carotid artery fusiform giant aneurysms in a patient with intimal fibroplasia using multiple flow diverters: With long-term imaging follow up

2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992110491
Author(s):  
Jieun Roh ◽  
Seung Kug Baik ◽  
Jeong A Yeom ◽  
Joo-Young Na ◽  
Sang-Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Giant Aneurysms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective Treatment Modality ◽  
Flow Diverters

The authors report a rare case of sequentially developed bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) fusiform giant aneurysms in a patient with pathologically confirmed intimal fibroplasia. Both ICA fusiform aneurysms were treated with multiple flow diverter insertion and were well-managed over the past 5.5 years of follow-up. The development of aneurysms in this rare disease entity appears to be a lifelong process based on the authors’ observations in serial angiographic follow-up studies. Reconstruction therapy using flow-diverting stents in this unique condition may be a safe and effective treatment modality.

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