Blended Distance-classroom Training as an Alternative to the Traditional Classroom Training in Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillation

Background Outcomes of patients from out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary widely globally because of differences in prehospital systems of emergency care. National efforts had gone into improving OHCA outcomes in Singapore in recent years including community and prehospital initiatives. We aimed to document the impact of implementation of a national 5‐year Plan for prehospital emergency care in Singapore on OHCA outcomes from 2011 to 2016. Methods and Results Prospective, population‐based data of OHCA brought to Emergency Departments were obtained from the Pan‐Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study cohort. The primary outcome was Utstein (bystander witnessed, shockable rhythm) survival‐to‐discharge or 30‐day postarrest. Mid‐year population estimates were used to calculate age‐standardized incidence. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify prehospital characteristics associated with survival‐to‐discharge across time. A total of 11 465 cases qualified for analysis. Age‐standardized incidence increased from 26.1 per 100 000 in 2011 to 39.2 per 100 000 in 2016. From 2011 to 2016, Utstein survival rates nearly doubled from 11.6% to 23.1% ( P =0.006). Overall survival rates improved from 3.6% to 6.5% ( P <0.001). Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates more than doubled from 21.9% to 56.3% and bystander automated external defibrillation rates also increased from 1.8% to 4.6%. Age ≤65 years, nonresidential location, witnessed arrest, shockable rhythm, bystander automated external defibrillation, and year 2016 were independently associated with improved survival. Conclusions Implementation of a national prehospital strategy doubled OHCA survival in Singapore from 2011 to 2016, along with corresponding increases in bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and bystander automated external defibrillation. This can be an implementation model for other systems trying to improve OHCA outcomes.

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Online Learning Equals Traditional Classroom Training for Master Gardeners

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.12.1.148 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 148-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Karen J. Jeannette ◽

Mary Hockenberry Meyer

Keyword(s):

Online Training ◽

Traditional Classroom ◽

University Of Minnesota ◽

Master Gardener ◽

Online Learners ◽

Face To Face ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Classroom Training ◽

The University ◽

Core Course

The effectiveness of Internet or online training was compared to traditional classroom training in the Master Gardener Core Course/Horticulture 1003 at the University of Minnesota, St. Paul. Overall horticultural knowledge was significantly greater for both groups in posttest results, and there was no significant difference in horticultural knowledge between the two groups. Online learners did not perceive the lack of instructor face-to-face interaction to be as important as did classroom participants. Online learners also placed a greater value on flexibility of class time and no commuting. Both groups spent approximately 75 hours on the class. However, 20% of classroom participants' time was commuting. Online training was an effective method for teaching Master Gardeners in this study.

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