The Purpose and Nature of Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-50
Author(s):  
Christian Smith ◽  
Bridget Ritz ◽  
Michael Rotolo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Frameworks

This chapter considers how religious parents in the United States approach the job of passing on their family's faith and practices to their children. Furthermore, the chapter takes a look at what assumptions, categories, and beliefs inform their views on the question, as well as which desires, feelings, and concerns influence the ways they undertake the transmission of their religion to their kids. This chapter addresses these issues by systematically analyzing the cultural models that most U.S. parents hold about the issue. It identifies the relevant cultural models that parents hold, which significantly influence their behaviors. In short, the chapter focuses on cognitive frameworks that shape practices rather than the practices themselves.

Cultural Models of Gendeer in Sri Lanka and the United States

Ethnology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor C. de Munck ◽  
Nicole Dudley ◽  
Joseph Cardinale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Sensing the presence of gods and spirits across cultures and faiths

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. e2016649118
Author(s):  
Tanya Marie Luhrmann ◽  
Kara Weisman ◽  
Felicity Aulino ◽  
Joshua D. Brahinsky ◽  
John C. Dulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Voice

Hearing the voice of God, feeling the presence of the dead, being possessed by a demonic spirit—such events are among the most remarkable human sensory experiences. They change lives and in turn shape history. Why do some people report experiencing such events while others do not? We argue that experiences of spiritual presence are facilitated by cultural models that represent the mind as “porous,” or permeable to the world, and by an immersive orientation toward inner life that allows a person to become “absorbed” in experiences. In four studies with over 2,000 participants from many religious traditions in the United States, Ghana, Thailand, China, and Vanuatu, porosity and absorption played distinct roles in determining which people, in which cultural settings, were most likely to report vivid sensory experiences of what they took to be gods and spirits.

Cultural Models of Substance Use Risk and Attributed Stigma: A Comparison of Young Adults in Brazil and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 209-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Henderson ◽  
William W. Dressler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Issue ◽  
Consensus Analysis ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cultural Domain

The stigma associated with substance use is well known, but little research has examined stigma attribution, or the tendency to stigmatize, nor is there much cross-cultural research on the topic. We examine cultural models for the risk of substance use associated with stigma attribution in two settings: the United States and Brazil. Study populations of young adults are the focus in each setting. Using methods of cultural domain analysis, cultural consensus analysis, and the analysis of residual agreement, we find similar models in each society. There is a continuum from viewing substance use risk as a biopsychosocial problem to viewing it as a moral issue. In the United States, viewing substance use as a biopsychosocial issue is associated with lower attributed stigma; in Brazil, viewing substance use as a biopsychosocial issue is associated with higher attributed stigma. We argue that social patterns of drug use in each society underlie this difference.

Public opinion in the United States on the eve of the Civil war (1850-1861), was

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Alent'eva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The North ◽  
Special Value

The monograph first examines American public opinion as a major factor of social and political life in the period of the maturing of the Civil war (1861-1865 gg.). Special value it is given by the study of the struggle in the South and in the North, consideration of the process of formation of two socio-cultural models. On the wide canvas of the socio-economic and political history in the monograph analyses the state and development of public opinion in the United States, sequentially from the compromise of 1850, a small civil war in Kansas, the uprising of John brown, of the maturing of "inevitable conflict," the secession of the southern States to the formation of the southern Confederacy and the Civil war. Reveals a fierce struggle, which was accompanied by the adoption of the compromise Kansas-Nebraska and the Supreme court decision in the Dred Scott case of 1857, which annulled the action of the famous Missouri compromise. Special attention is paid to the formation of the Republican party and the presidential elections of 1856 and 1860 Shown, as were incitement to hatred between citizens of the same country, which were used propaganda and manipulative techniques. The totality of facts gleaned from primary sources, especially the materials about these manipulations give an opportunity to look behind the scenes politics that led to the outbreak of the Civil war in the United States, a deeper understanding of its causes. For students of historical faculties and departments of sociology and political Sciences, and anyone interested in American history.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Digital image acquisition, processing, and analysis in a polymer microscopy laboratory

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Berry ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Image

In recent years it became apparent that we needed to improve productivity and efficiency in the Microscopy Laboratories in GE Plastics. It was realized that digital image acquisition, archiving, processing, analysis, and transmission over a network would be the best way to achieve this goal. Also, the capabilities of quantitative image analysis, image transmission etc. available with this approach would help us to increase our efficiency. Although the advantages of digital image acquisition, processing, archiving, etc. have been described and are being practiced in many SEM, laboratories, they have not been generally applied in microscopy laboratories (TEM, Optical, SEM and others) and impact on increased productivity has not been yet exploited as well.In order to attain our objective we have acquired a SEMICAPS imaging workstation for each of the GE Plastic sites in the United States. We have integrated the workstation with the microscopes and their peripherals as shown in Figure 1.

Silence of the Land: On the Historical Irrelevance of Territory to Congressional Districting and Political Representation in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Congressional District ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Communities Of Interest

Every ten years, the United States “constructs” itself politically. On a decennial basis, U.S. Congressional districts are quite literally drawn, physically constructing political representation in the House of Representatives on the basis of where one lives. Why does the United States do it this way? What justifies domicile as the sole criteria of constituency construction? These are the questions raised in this article. Contrary to many contemporary understandings of representation at the founding, I argue that there were no principled reasons for using domicile as the method of organizing for political representation. Even in 1787, the Congressional district was expected to be far too large to map onto existing communities of interest. Instead, territory should be understood as forming a habit of mind for the founders, even while it was necessary to achieve other democratic aims of representative government.

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