Numerical simulation of measurements in radiation technologies

Radiation plays a very important role in the life of humans. Measurements in radiation technologies and radiation processes are very important. Usually measurements in radiation technologies are made with dosimeters of various types: solid state dosimeters, liquid dosimeters and gaseous dosimeters. Dose measurements are based on different principles: temperature increase, collection of electric charge, development of gases, accumulation of free radicals, trapping of electron in the matrix, color change, change of solution conductivity, radiation chemical oxidation, radiation chemical reduction. To measure absorbed doses the dosimetry system should be used which consists of dosimeters, measurement instrumentation, the calibration curve, reference standards and procedure for the system’s use. Computer processing power has increased rapidly and significantly over the past decades. Modern computers with proper software and mathematical methods allow to simulate very complicated processes, for example passage of ionizing radiation through the matter. Article shows that GEANT4 can be used for numerical simulations to determine the absorbed doses, dose rates, and other values inside irradiated objects under radiation. The relative uncertainty is up to 11.8%. Simulation of radiation processing of complex objects can be performed with good accuracy. In order to use numerical simulations to measure radiation, metrological support should be developed.