scholarly journals Min-min Solution Sebagai Metode Konversi Skala Termometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Eko Prihandono
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Lower Limit

AbstrakSuhu merupakan suatu besaran yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan energi kinetik suatu molekul/zat, sedangkan termometer merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur suhu suatu benda. Skala termometer terdiri dari empat jenis, yaitu Celsius, Fahrenheit, Reamur, dan Kelvin. Selama ini persamaan yang digunakan untuk mengubah nilai pada skala-skala antara satu dengan yang lainnya masih menggunakan prinsip hafalan yang cukup banyak. Dalam hal memperkenalkan fisika pada peserta didik tentu hal ini menjadi masalah, karena fisika itu harus dapat dipelajari dengan metode yang mengutamakan kreativitas peserta didik. Metode min-min solution menawarkan kepada para pendidik agar memudahkan dalam penyampaian persamaan konversi suhu tanpa harus banyak menghafal, serta digunakan sebagai pengembangan pola pikir peserta didik. Metode ini hanya menggunakan dua buah prinsip yang telah diketahui secara luas, yaitu: 1. Perbandingan skala pada termometer, serta 2. Batas bawah masing-masing skala pada termometer.Kata Kunci: Konversi Skala, Skala Termometer, Min-min Solution AbstractTemperature is a measure used to see changes in the kinetic energy of a molecule / substance, while the thermometer is a tool used to measure the temperature of an object. Thermometer scale consists of four types, namely Celsius, Fahrenheit, Reamur, and Kelvin. So far, the equations used to change the values on the scale from one another still use quite a lot of memorization principles. In terms of physics, of course this is a problem, because physics must learn with a method that prioritizes the creativity of students. The min-min method solution offers educators to facilitate the delivery of temperature conversion equations without having to memorize a lot, and is used as a development of the students' mindset. This method only uses two principles that are widely known, namely: 1. Comparison of the scale on the thermometer, and 2. The lower limit of each scale on the thermometer.Keywords: Conversion Scale, Thermometer Scale, Min-min Solution

scholarly journals The dissipation of energy in the tides in connection with the acceleration of the moon’s mean motion

1917 ◽  
Vol 93 (652) ◽  
pp. 348-359 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Tidal Motion ◽  
Dissipation Of Energy ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Rate Of Dissipation

1. In the following paper an expression for the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy in a rotating sea is obtained in the form of an integral of a function of the surface-current velocities. This expression has been used to find an approximate value for the rate of dissipation in the Irish Sea, for which much tidal information is available, and the order of magnitude of the result obtained suggests that this direct effect of viscosity may account for at least an appreciable part of the earth’s secular retardation. The water is supposed of uniform density, and at the bed of the ocean to be relatively at rest. The motion, which, as usual, is regarded as small, is supposed non-turbulent, and simple-harmonic with respect to the time with a period of 12 hours. In actual tidal motion eddies are present, so that the result here obtained for the rate of dissipation may be regarded as a lower limit.

Supernovae and interstellar gas dynamics

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
F. D. Kahn ◽  
L. Woltjer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Interstellar Cloud ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Random Motions ◽  
Relativistic Particles

The efficiency of the transfer of energy from supernovae into interstellar cloud motions is investigated. A lower limit of about 0·002 is obtained, but values near 0·01 are more likely. Taking all uncertainties in the theory and observations into account, the energy per supernova, in the form of relativistic particles or high-velocity matter, needed to maintain the random motions in the interstellar gas is estimated as 1051·4±1ergs.

Factor XII Determinations in the Presence and Absence of Phospholipid Antibodies

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Jones ◽  
M. Winter ◽  
M. J. Gallimore
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Lower Limit Of Normal

SummaryFactor XII (FXII) levels were determined in plasma samples from 29 normal donors, 10 patients with inherited FXII deficiency (all lupus anticoagulant [LA] negative) and 67 LA positive patients, using clotting (FXIIct), chromogenic substrate (FXIIcs) and immunochemical (FXIIag) assays. Excellent correlations were obtained in the three FXII assays with the LA negative samples and between the FXIIcs and FXIIag assays in the LA positive samples. Correlations between both the FXIIcs and FXIIag with FXIIct in the LA positive patients were poor. Of 67 LA positive samples studied, 25 (37.3%) showed lower values in the FXIIct assay; 13 (19.4%) of these patients were pseudo FXII deficient with values of FXII below the lower limit of normal.These results indicate that a diagnosis of FXII deficiency can be made inappropriately in the presence of phospholipid antibodies and that such a diagnosis should not be made by FXIIct assay alone.

Effects of Age and Health on the Euthyroid Reference Ranges for Serum Free Thyroxine and Free Triiodothyronine

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Midgley ◽  
K. R. Gruner
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Age Range

SummaryAge-related trends in serum free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations were measured in 7248 euthyroid subjects (age-range 3 months to 106 years). 5700 were patients referred to hospitals for investigation of suspected thyroid dysfunction, but who were diagnosed euthyroid. 1548 were healthy blood donors (age-range 18-63 years) with no indication of thyroid dysfunction. FT4 concentrations were little affected by the age, the sex or the state of health of the subjects in either group. Serum FT3 concentrations were significantly affected by both age and health factors. The upper limit of the euthyroid reference range for young subjects up to 15 years was about 20% higher (10.4 pmol/1) than for adult subjects older than 25 years (8.8 pmol/1). The change in the upper limits typical of young subjects to that typical of adults occurred steadily over the decade 15–25 years. After this age, little further change occurred, especially in healthy subjects. Additionally, the lower limit of the euthyroid range for FT3 was extended by the inclusion in the reference group of patients referred to hospitals. Compared with the lower limit of the FT3 range for healthy subjects (5 pmol/1), the corresponding limit for referred subjects (young or adult) was 3.5–3.8 pmol/1. Broadening of the FT3 reference range was probably brought about by a significant number of patients in the hospital-referred group with the “1OW-T3 syndrome” of mild non-thyroidal illness. Accordingly, FT3 was inferior to FT4 in the discrimination of hypothyroidism, as FT4 was unaffected by this phenomenon. Effects of age and non-thyroidal illness on serum FT3 concentrations require great care when selecting subjects for a laboratory euthyroid reference range typical of the routine workload. Constraints on the choice of subjects for FT4 reference ranges are less stringent.

Dependence of the joint configuration on the dynamic immobility fulcrum

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
A. D. Kozlov ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concave Surface ◽  
Joint Configuration ◽  
Articular Surfaces

Although joints with synovial cavities and articular surfaces are very variable, they all have one common peculiarity. In most cases, one of the articular surfaces is concave, whereas the other one is convex. During the formation of a joint, the epiphysis, which has less kinetic energy during the movements in the joint, forms a convex surface, whereas large kinetic energy forms the epiphysis with a concave surface. Basing on this concept, the analysis of the structure of the joints, allows to determine forces involved into their formation, and to identify the general patterns of the formation of the skeleton.

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