A Bose–Einstein condensate is a Bose condensate in the laboratory ground state

Bose–Einstein condensates of weakly interacting, ultra-cold atoms have become a workhorse for exploring quantum effects on atomic motion, but does this condensate need to be in the ground state of the system? Researchers often perform transformations so that their Hamiltonians are easier to analyse. However, changing Hamiltonians can require an energy shift. We show that transforming into a rotating or oscillating frame of reference of a Bose condensate does not then satisfy Einstein’s requirement that a condensate exists in the zero kinetic energy state. We show that Bose condensation can occur above the ground state and at room temperature, referring to recent literature.

Pulsed-Ramped-Field-Ionization ZEro-Kinetic-Energy PhotoElectron Spectroscopy: a methodological advance

A new experimental method has been developed to record photoelectron spectra based on the well-established pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectroscopy technique and inspired by the data treatment employed in slow photoelectron...

Reaction of Electrons with DNA: Radiation Damage to Radiosensitization

This review article provides a concise overview of electron involvement in DNA radiation damage. The review begins with the various states of radiation-produced electrons: Secondary electrons (SE), low energy electrons (LEE), electrons at near zero kinetic energy in water (quasi-free electrons, (e−qf)) electrons in the process of solvation in water (presolvated electrons, e−pre), and fully solvated electrons (e−aq). A current summary of the structure of e−aq, and its reactions with DNA-model systems is presented. Theoretical works on reduction potentials of DNA-bases were found to be in agreement with experiments. This review points out the proposed role of LEE-induced frank DNA-strand breaks in ion-beam irradiated DNA. The final section presents radiation-produced electron-mediated site-specific formation of oxidative neutral aminyl radicals from azidonucleosides and the evidence of radiosensitization provided by these aminyl radicals in azidonucleoside-incorporated breast cancer cells.

Spin–orbit interaction and Renner–Teller effect in HCCCCH+studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy

The photoelectron spectra of the X+ 2Πg← X1Σ+g photoionizing transition of diacetylene (HCCCCH) and d2-diacetylene (DCCCCD) have been recorded at high resolution using the technique of pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy (PFI-ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy.