A solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency of traction electric drive systems, taking into account the steady increase in electricity prices, is proposed by using storage devices. Promising types of energy storage devices are considered. A comparative analysis of the main types of batteries and supercapacitors is carried out. The description, types, and main technical characteristics of batteries and supercapacitor energy storage devices are given. The choice of the best energy storage device is justified. The technical characteristics of specific models of supercapacitors are compared and the required number of individual storage devices of different models is calculated in accordance with the supply voltage of the engine and the energy consumed by them in the acceleration mode. The supercapacitor model for forming a storage battery was selected according to the following optimality criteria: minimum mass, minimum price, and minimum number of individual capacitors.
Electrical properties of graphenes for application in electrochemical charge storage devices