scholarly journals Remediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Nursery Runoff during the Spring via Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. White ◽  
Milton D. Taylor ◽  
Stewart L. Chandler ◽  
Ted Whitwell ◽  
Stephen J. Klaine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Free Water Surface ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Agricultural operations face increasing pressure to remediate runoff to reduce deterioration of surface water quality. Some nursery operations use free water surface constructed wetland systems (CWSs) to remediate nutrient-rich runoff. Our objectives were twofold, first to examine the impact of two hydraulic retention times (HRT, 3.5 and 5.5 day) on CWS performance, and second to determine if increased nutrient loading from internal CWS and nursery sources during the spring contributed to nutrient export in excess of regulatory limits. We quantified nutrient loading and removal efficiency in a free water surface CWS from late winter through late spring over three years and monitored various water quality parameters. Total nitrogen in runoff was reduced from 20.6 ± 2.8 mg·liter−1 (ppm) to 4.1 ± 1.3 mg·liter−1 (ppm) nitrogen after CWS treatment. Phosphorus dynamics in the CWS were more variable and unlike nitrogen dynamics were not consistently influenced by water temperature and hydraulic loading rate. Phosphorus concentrations were reduced from 1.7 ± 0.8 mg·liter−1 (ppm) PO4-P in influent to 1.2 ± 0.6 mg·liter−1 (ppm) PO4-P in CWS effluent, but substantial variability existed among years in both phosphorus loading and removal rates. The CWS was able to efficiently remediate nitrogen even under high spring loading rates.

scholarly journals Prediction of Water Quality for Free Water Surface Constructed Wetland Using ANN and MLRA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365-1375
Author(s):  
Rohaya Alias ◽  
Nur Asmaliza Mohd Noor ◽  
Lariyah Mohd Sidek ◽  
Anuar Kasa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Free Water Surface

Improving water quality in polluated drains with free water surface constructed wetlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1478-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. El-Sheikh ◽  
Hazem I. Saleh ◽  
Diaa E. El-Quosy ◽  
Abdallah A. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Free Water Surface

Free water surface wetlands for wastewater treatment in Sweden: nitrogen and phosphorus removal

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Andersson ◽  
S. Kallner Bastviken ◽  
K.S. Tonderski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Free Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Free Water Surface ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment

In South Sweden, free water surface wetlands have been built to treat wastewater from municipal wastewater treatment plants. Commonly, nitrogen removal has been the prime aim, though a significant removal of tot-P and BOD7 has been observed. In this study, performance data for 3–8 years from four large (20–28 ha) FWS wetlands have been evaluated. Two of them receive effluent from WWTP with only mechanical and chemical treatment. At the other two, the wastewater has also been treated biologically resulting in lower concentrations of BOD7 and NH4+-N. The wetlands performed satisfactorily and removed 0.7–1.5 ton N ha−1 yr−1 as an average for the time period investigated, with loads between 1.7 and 6.3 ton N ha−1 yr−1. Treatment capacity depended on the pre-treatment of the water, as reflected in the k20-values for N removal (first order area based model). In the wetlands with no biological pre-treatment, the k20-values were 0.61 and 1.1 m month−1, whereas for the other two they were 1.7 and 2.5 m month−1. P removal varied between 10 and 41 kg ha−1 yr−1, and was related to differences in loads, P speciation and to the internal cycling of P in the wetlands.

Evaluation of Water Quality Index (WQI) Performance in Newly Constructed Free Water Surface (FWS) Constructed Wetland for Stormwater Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 623-628
Author(s):  
Syafiq Shaharuddin ◽  
Aminuddin Ab Ghani ◽  
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Free Water Surface

The newly design free water surface (FWS) constructed wetland (CW) was based on the design recommended in the Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA) 2nd Edition, 2012. The design was apply and completed it construction in April 2014 in Engineering Campus, USM, with approximate area 5166m2. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the initial performance of CW, which was evaluated based on the water quality index (WQI). The sampling was conducted from November 2014 until March 2015 and consist of fourteen (14) sampling points into three (3) different zones; forebay zone, macrophytes zones and micropool zone. The parameters measured include percentage saturation dissolved oxygen (DO %), pH, total suspended solid (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (AN). Based on the result obtained, the highest WQI value was obtained at micropool zone with the range of 78.98-85.45 (82.71±3.35) as the lowest WQI value was obtained at macrophytes zone with the range of 68.13-77.96 (73.25± 3.42). The main treatment process occur in the macrophytes zone is nutrient uptake by emergent plants species as for forebay and micropool zones, main treatment process occur settlement and sedimentation. The result also showed that the removal rate showed difference among each zone; forebay zone was 0.93%, macrophytes zone was 2.79% and micropool zone was 5.64%. Based on the WQI value obtained, forebay and micropool zones fall in Class II and macrophytes fall in Class II and III.

EFEKTIVITAS TANAMAN GENJER DALAM MENURUNKAN BOD DAN COD LIMBAH CAIR TAHU HASIL PROSES ANAEROB

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irvan Nurliansyah
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Free Water Surface

ABSTRAK Limbah cair tahu merupakan limbah cair yang berasal dari proses pembuatan tahu. Limbah cair tahu mengandung senyawa organik yang tinggi. Pembuangan limbah cair tahu secara langsung ke badan air tanpa dilakukan pengolahan dapat mempengaruhi dan mencemari lingkungan. Suatu cara untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut adalah melakukan pengolahan limbah cair tahu. Salah satu alternatif pengolahan limbah cair tahu yang dapat digunakan adalah fitoremediasi menggunakan tanaman genjer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi pengolahan dan efektivitas waktu tinggal pengolahan limbah cair tahu menggunakan tanaman genjer dalam menurunkan BOD dan COD effluen hasil proses pengolahan anaerob limbah cair tahu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah fitoremediasi menggunakan tanaman genjer pada sistem lahan basah buatan Free Water Surface flow dengan waktu tinggal 3 hari, 5 hari dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi pengolahan secara fitoremediasi pada hari ke 3 untuk BOD dan COD berturut-turut sebesar 21,28% dan 16,13%. Pada hari ke 5 efisiensi pengolahan yang diperoleh untuk BOD dan COD berturut-turut sebesar 52,60% dan 45,93% sedangkan efisiensi pengolahan pada hari ke 7 untuk BOD dan COD berturut-turut sebesar 76,42% dan 70,74%. Waktu tinggal efektif yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah  7 hari dengan nilai BOD dan COD telah berada dibawah baku mutu yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 72,72 mg/l dan 213,33 mg/l.   Kata kunci : limbah cair tahu, fitoremediasi, tanaman genjer, efisiensi pengolahan, waktu tinggal

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