Results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neurologic examination findings, and age at the onset of seizures as predictors for results of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in dogs examined because of seizures: 115 cases (1992-2000)

2002 ◽  
Vol 220 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Bush ◽  
Christina S. Barr ◽  
Edwin W. Darrin ◽  
Frances S. Shofer ◽  
Charles H. Vite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurologic Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
The Brain

An unusual presentation of multiple sclerosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Hotopf ◽  
S. Pollock ◽  
W. A. Lishman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Electrophysiological Tests ◽  
Male Patients

SynopsisTwo male patients who presented with unusual pictures of dementia in the absence of other obvious symptoms or signs are reported. Investigations demonstrated changes highly suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS) on magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electrophysiological tests. We suggest this represents a rare presentation of multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Positron emission tomography imaging in a case of E200K mutation-related spongiform encephalopathy with non-diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1770034
Author(s):  
Pravin George ◽  
Christopher R Newey ◽  
Karin P Mente ◽  
Erik P Pioro
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Progressive Dementia ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Jakob Disease

Objective: Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease is a rapidly progressive spongiform encephalopathy. The E200K mutation is found in a majority of genetically transmitted Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease cases. Methods: We describe the case and associated neuroimaging of an E200K-129M gene-mutation-related fatal spongiform encephalopathy with resultant clinical insomnia and thalamic changes. Results: A 46-year-old Caucasian male presented with, who was well until 2 months prior to admission, a rapidly progressive dementia followed by a change in personality with auditory and visual hallucinations. His wife noted progressively worsening jerking and other limb movements and that he kept his eyes open overnight and was “awake” at all hours. Magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalogram and initial cerebrospinal fluid analysis were essentially non-diagnostic. Positron emission topography revealed severe bilateral thalamic hypometabolism. Posthumous cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed abnormal PrP 27-30 protein. Autopsy confirmed prion disease and presence of the E200K-129M mutation. Conclusion: This report highlights that positron emission topography imaging may help diagnose E200K-129M mutation-related spongiform encephalopathy. In cases of non-diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalogram and cerebrospinal fluid studies, early positron emission topography may help in the workup of rapidly progressive dementia.

scholarly journals Two cases of primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis mimicking subacute meningitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Aslan ◽  
Rahsan Gocmen ◽  
Nazire Pınar Acar ◽  
Farid Khasiyev ◽  
Ekim Gumeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Atypical Cells

Primary involvement of leptomeninges with melanocytic tumours is rarely seen and its diagnosis is challenging. Here we summarise two cases of primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis presenting as subacute meningitis. Both cases have pleocytosis and high protein on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and demonstrated atypical cells on cytology. On magnetic resonance imaging, there is diffuse leptomeningal thickening and avid enhancement of intracranial and intraspinal leptomeninges. One of them demonstrates T1 shortening due to magnetic effects of melanin, the other case is amelanotic and shows hypointensity on precontrast T1-weighted images. Both cases can be diagnosed with biopsy. In conclusion, these cases highlight the importance of the correct interpretation of cytological and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with atypical findings.

scholarly journals Superficial siderosis as a rare cause of visual and auditory pseudohallucinations: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Braun ◽  
Maxime Viard ◽  
Tobias Struffert ◽  
Omar AlhajOmar ◽  
Mesut Yeniguen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Superficial siderosis is a rare disease involving hemosiderin deposits on the surface of brain or spinal cord that are thought to cause clinical symptoms, which usually consist of cranial nerve dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, or myelopathy. Pseudohallucinations have been described as the patient being aware of the nonreality of hallucination-like phenomena. Data on pseudohallucinations of cerebral somatic origin are sparse. We present a case of auditory and visual pseudohallucinations due to superficial siderosis. Siderosis was diagnosed using cerebrospinal fluid analysis and magnetic resonance imaging as part of the clinical routine for newly emerged psychiatric symptoms. Case presentation An 84-year-old white/european female presented to our hospital with no prior history of psychiatric or neurological disease and no history of trauma. She reported seeing things and hearing voices singing to her for some days. She was aware these phenomena were not real (pseudohallucinations). On examination, no relevant abnormalities were detected. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed elevated ferritin. Magnetic resonance imaging with susceptibility-weighted sequences revealed diffuse superficial siderosis in several parts of the brain, among other occipital and temporal gyri. The pseudohallucinations resolved with a risperidone regime. The patient was treated with rivaroxaban because of atrial fibrillation. Potentially elevating the risk of further hemorrhage, this therapy was discontinued, and an atrial appendage occlusion device was implanted. Conclusion We report the first case of pseudohallucinations in superficial siderosis. The risk of missing this diagnosis can be reduced by applying a standardized diagnostic pathway for patients presenting with the first episode of psychiatric symptoms. Somatic and potentially treatable causes should not be missed because they might lead to unnecessary treatments, stigmatization, and legal restrictions of self-determination, especially for elderly people.

Fluctuating Vision Loss, Seizures, and Left Parieto-Occipital Mass

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Alicja Kalinowska-Lyszczarz ◽  
W. Oliver Tobin ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Claudia F. Lucchinetti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intravenous Methylprednisolone ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

A 35-year-old man sought care for progressive visual disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a large, left-sided, parieto-occipital, contrast-enhancing lesion. He was treated with dexamethasone with brief improvement in vision. Within 5 days he had progressive vision worsening. Two weeks after the onset of his symptoms, brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a decrease in lesion size, and corticosteroids were discontinued. Two months after symptom onset he was found to have alexia without agraphia, and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed an increased size of the lesion. Two months after disease onset, the patient underwent a left occipital brain biopsy, which demonstrated a macrophage-enriched active demyelinating lesion with relative axonal sparing. Right arm weakness and aphasia developed, along with a fever. He was treated with dexamethasone. Electroencephalography indicated multiple seizures. Repeated cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a slightly increased white blood cell count, increased protein level, immunoglobulin G index of 0.84, and the presence of 3 cerebrospinal fluid-unique oligoclonal bands. He was treated with 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone and levetiracetam, with improvement. Three and a half years later, the patient came to the emergency department with weakness of the left leg associated with reduced sensation. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging showed a new demyelinating contrast-enhancing lesion from T2 to T7. He was treated with 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone followed by 6 sessions of plasma exchange, with improvement. A diagnosis of relapsing tumefactive demyelination was made. The patient was subsequently treated with ocrelizumab. Tumefactive demyelinating lesions pose a diagnostic challenge, especially if they are the first manifestations of demyelinating disease. Typically, tumefactive demyelinating lesions are large (>2 cm) and are associated with edema, mass effect, and variable patterns of contrast enhancement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document