Cytologic comparison of the percentage of mast cells in lymph node aspirate samples from clinically normal dogs versus dogs with allergic dermatologic disease and dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors

A description of equine cutaneous mastocytosis is given. The lesion was characterized by focal aggregates of mast cells, and by eosinophils, fibrinoid necrosis of collagen, and focal necrosis with dystrophic mineralization of necrotic debris. This is an uncommon, previously undescribed lesion in horses. The authors encountered 14 cases in a 16-year period. The etiology and nature of the lesion are undetermined. Morphologic similarities to canine cutaneous mast-cell tumors, cutaneous lesions of collagen diseases, and calcinosis circumscripta are noted and the possibility of relationships to these lesions is discussed.

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Radiation Therapy for Incompletely Excised Grade II Canine Mast Cell Tumors

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0420430 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 430-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Valerie Jasmine Poirier ◽

William M. Adams ◽

Lisa J. Forrest ◽

Eric M. Green ◽

Richard R. Dubielzig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Regional Lymph Node ◽

Overall Survival Rate ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Grade Ii ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Lymph Node Irradiation ◽

Prophylactic Irradiation

Forty-five dogs with incompletely excised grade II mast cell tumors were treated with radiation using a cobalt 60 teletherapy unit (15 fractions of 3.2 Gy for a total of 48 Gy). Twenty-four of the dogs underwent prophylactic regional lymph node irradiation. Three (6.7%) dogs had tumor recurrence, two (4.4%) dogs developed metastasis, and 14 (31%) dogs developed a second cutaneous mast cell tumor. No difference in overall survival rate was observed between the dogs receiving and not receiving prophylactic irradiation of the regional lymph node.

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Canine mast cell tumors: utility of stereologic tools in cytology

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/10406387211058825 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104063872110588

Author(s):

Ricardo Marcos ◽

João Almeida ◽

Joana Marques ◽

Raquel Moreira ◽

Patrícia Dias-Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Surgical Planning ◽

High Grade ◽

Nuclear Area ◽

High Reproducibility ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Complementary Techniques ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Grade Iii

Quantitative morphologic parameters assessed in cytologic samples of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) may assist with surgical planning and prognostication. Robust cutoffs can be defined, with high reproducibility, for parameters such as the nuclear area (NA). The NA may be determined by morphometry (image analysis, NAI) or by stereology, such as the 2D-nucleator method (NAN); stereologic techniques have not been applied to cytologic specimens of ccMCT, to our knowledge. We retrospectively selected routine cytology smears from 51 ccMCT cases and screened them to determine the percentage of neoplastic mast cells with indistinct nuclear borders; this was repeated after the slides were restained with H&E. The NAI and the NAN were estimated in 100 mast cells per animal in H&E-stained slides. All nuclei were visible in H&E smears, and unbiased quantification was feasible. The NAN was similar to NAI, but less time-consuming. Both the NAN and NAI determined by cytology differed in histologic low- and high-grade ccMCTs, and in histologic grade I plus II versus grade III ccMCTs. Stereologic parameters such as the NAN could be considered as complementary techniques for the cytologic evaluation of ccMCTs.

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Stereology in Grading and Prognosis of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/0300985820985138 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030098582098513

Author(s):

Mafalda Casanova ◽

Sandra Branco ◽

Inês Berenguer Veiga ◽

André Barros ◽

Pedro Faísca

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Histological Grade ◽

Intraobserver Variability ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Grade Iii

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) are currently graded according to Patnaik and Kiupel grading schemes. The qualitative and semiquantitative parameters applied in these schemes may lead to inter- and intraobserver variability. This study investigates the prognostic value of volume-weighted mean nuclear volume ([Formula: see text]), a stereological estimation that provides information about nuclear size and its variability. [Formula: see text] of 55 ccMCTs was estimated using the “point-sampled intercept” method and compared with histological grade and clinical outcome. The clinical history of dogs treated with surgical excision alone was available for 30 ccMCTs. Statistical differences in [Formula: see text] were found between grade II ([Formula: see text]= 115 ± 29 µm3) and grade III ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 197 ± 63 µm3), as well as between low-grade ([Formula: see text]= 113 ± 28 µm3) and high-grade ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 184 ± 63 µm3). An optimal cutoff value of [Formula: see text] ≥ 150 µm3 and [Formula: see text] ≥ 140 µm3 was determined for grade III and high-grade ccMCTs, respectively. In terms of prognosis, [Formula: see text] was not able to predict the clinical outcome in 42% of the cases; however, cases with [Formula: see text]<125 µm3 had a favorable outcome. These results indicate that, despite having limited prognostic value when used as a solitary parameter, [Formula: see text] is highly reproducible and is associated with histological grade as well as with benign behavior.

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Ancillary techniques on the evaluation of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors from Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20160255 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 1804-1810 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Martins Flores ◽

Renata Dalcol Mazaro ◽

Ingeborg Maria Langohr ◽

Alma Roy ◽

Keith Strother ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

The United States ◽

Growth Fraction ◽

Grading System ◽

Low Grade ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Exon 11

ABSTRACT: The use of histologic classification by a 2-tier grading system only, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for KIT and Ki-67 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for internal tandem duplications (ITD) on exon 11 has improved the prognostication of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (CCMTs) particularly in the United States. However, these techniques are not commonly used in most Brazilian laboratories. Likewise, no studies, to date, have investigated the occurrence of ITD in CCMTs from the country. Thus, this study tested the 2-tier grading system, the immunohistochemistry for KIT and Ki-67 and the PCR for exon 11 in a group of Brazilian CCMTs with the goal of investigating the applicability of these tests in a Brazilian laboratory. Of the 39 CCMTs, 69.2% (27/39) were identified as low-grade and 30.8% (12/39) as high-grade by a 2-tier grading system. All tumors had a KIT expression pattern II, and 30.6% (11/36) had a high growth fraction (Ki-67). PCR amplification was successful in four of the 11 tumors examined. Two of these (50%) were positive for ITD. This study highlights the importance of using auxiliary techniques in the CCMT evaluation, identifies limitations and confirms the applicability of these methods on a routine diagnostic basis in Brazil. Our results will help to improve the prognostication of CCMTs in Brazilian diagnostic laboratories, encouraging the use of supplementary methods.

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Effects of Skin Mast Cells on Bleeding Time and Coagulation Activation at the Site of Platelet Plug Formation

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1615075 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 79 (04) ◽

pp. 843-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Petteri Kauhanen ◽

Petri Kovanen ◽

Timo Reunala ◽

Riitta Lassila

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Thrombin Generation ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Normal Skin ◽

Urticaria Pigmentosa ◽

Primary Hemostasis ◽

Cell Accumulation ◽

The Mean ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

SummaryWe studied the effects of stimulated skin mast cells on bleeding time and thrombin generation which was measured using prothrombin fragment F 1+2 (F 1+2) and thrombin-antithrombin-III-complex (TAT). In 10 patients with urticaria pigmentosa (chronic cutaneous mast cell accumulation) the mean bleeding time was significantly prolonged in wounds made on urticaria pigmentosa lesions vs. normal skin (460 ± 34 vs. 342 ± 27 s, p = 0.005). In 10 atopic subjects skin incisions were made on prick-tested sites 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after administration of an allergen (acute mast cell stimulation), histamine or vehicle. The mean bleeding time was significantly prolonged at all time points, being maximal at 120 min (60% prolonged) in wounds made on allergen-stimulated skin areas (p <0.01) compared with histamine or vehicle sites. Administration of allergen or histamine lowered the TAT concentration in the bleeding-time blood. Furthermore, TAT and F 1+2 levels in the bleeding-time blood were lower at 60, 120 and 240 min after allergen or histamine application in comparison with samples collected at 30 min. We conclude that skin mast cells can regulate primary hemostasis by prolonging bleeding time and by inhibiting thrombin generation.

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