Information Processing as a Predictor of Offensive Ability in Baseball

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darhl Nielsen ◽  
Carl McGown
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
State University ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Brigham Young University ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
University Of Utah ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
Processing Ability

It has become very popular to view the human as a processor of information, with reaction time (RT) used in various ways to measure the speed of information processing. In many sports quick decisions are essential to success. It is tempting to study reaction time, infer information-processing ability, and use the results to make predictions about success. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between various RT and movement time (MT) measures [simple RT, simple MT, simple total response time (TRT), choice RT, choice MT, choice TRT, and information-processing ability as determined by the increase in RT from simple to eight-choice conditions] with batting average, slugging percentage, and total average. 40 varsity baseball players from Colorado State University, University of Wyoming, University of Utah, and Brigham Young University were given 24 practice attempts followed by 48 experimental attempts for both simple and choice RT and MT. These scores were then correlated with batting averages, slugging percentages, and total averages. This research demonstrated no relationship between the various measurements of reaction and movement times and offensive ability in baseball.

scholarly journals HARNESSING THE NETWORK OF GERONTOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION TO IMPROVE RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S613-S614
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Eaton ◽  
Margaret B Neal
Keyword(s):  
Recruitment Strategies ◽  
State University ◽  
Faculty Involvement ◽  
Brigham Young University ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
University Of Utah ◽  
Undergraduate Enrollment ◽  
Portland State University ◽  
Program Enrollment ◽  
Barriers To Enrollment

Abstract While the workforce requires applicants trained to meet the needs of an aging population, many gerontology programs find recruiting students a challenge. Barriers to enrollment vary and are influenced by disciplinary silos, miscomprehension of terminology (such as “gerontology”), vague career paths, and limited resources. Program directors are challenged to identify innovative and new strategies that market training opportunities at a variety of levels and across colleges and departments. In an effort to harness the power of networks, it is our goal that this symposium fosters discussion in order to improve our communal approach to increase the number of individuals prepared for careers in aging. This symposium examines the recruitment experiences and challenges from the perspective of gerontology programs at four universities. Fruhauf (Colorado State University) explores the importance of university-community engagement in support of gerontology programs. Fauth and Liu (Utah State University) describe effective recruitment strategies for an interdisciplinary gerontology certificate housed within a department of Human Development and Family Studies. Eaton (University of Utah) presents the outcomes from a targeted initiative to increase early undergraduate enrollment in an interdisciplinary online gerontology minor. Finally, Yorgason (Brigham Young University) shares a systematic approach to leverage resources and fundraising that successfully increased program enrollment and faculty involvement throughout campus. Dr. Margaret B. Neal, an experienced educator and former director of the Institute on Aging at Portland State University, will facilitate discussion surrounding how we can mobilize our networks to strengthen, innovate, and expand approaches to recruitment in gerontology.

Elevation of Core Temperature and Mental Functioning

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios K. Travlos ◽  
Daniel Q. Marisi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Random Number Generation ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
Time Movement

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether raised core temperature due to gradually increased amounts of exercise affects concentration and speed of information processing. 20 paid men, separated into groups of high (>56 ml/kg/min.) and low fitness (<46 ml/kg/min.) according to their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), participated in two experimental conditions (exercise and control). Concentration was measured by the Random Number Generation test of attentional deployment given every 10 min. of cycling at workloads calculated as 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% of individual VO2max values and 10 min. after exercise cessation (exhaustion). Speed of information processing was estimated by an eight-choice reaction time/ movement time task given before and after exercise and 15 min. after exercise cessation. Core temperature was recorded at the same time individuals were administered the psychological tests. Analyses indicated that core temperatures increased significantly as a function of exercise intensity for high and low fitness groups. Correlations among the psychophysiological factors indicated that increases in core temperature were not associated with mental functioning. However, at certain core temperatures, core temperature and average choice reaction time/movement time were associated with participants' fitness.

Relationships Between University Students’ Gender and Physical Activity (PA) and Their Exercise Self-Schemas, Processing of PA-Related Information, and PA Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110601
Author(s):  
In Kyoung Park ◽  
Youngho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
University Students ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
Future Behavior ◽  
Self Schema

In the current study, we investigated the effects of gender and regular physical activity (PA) on PA decision-making and speed of information processing. We enrolled 110 university students ( Mage = 20.91, SD =2.28 years) in an experiment involving two tasks and a questionnaire. One of the two tasks assessed how much participants agreed with presented PA words and phrases and the other task predicted behavior and responses to future situations. We collected and measured the participants’ choices and the time they took to make them. The questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), consisted of exercise self-schema and PA questions. We conducted a 2 (gender: male or female) ×2 (regular PA or not) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and found statistically significant differences between variables as a function of participants’ gender (λ = .66, p < .001) and regular PA engagement (λ = .51, p < .001). In a regression analysis, we also found gender differences [males showed relationships between agreement with PA information and information processing speed for decisions on future behavior ( R 2 = .31, F = 12.50); females showed relationships between their exercise self-schema ( R 2 = .26, F = 18.18) and regular PA such that, in the non-regular PA group, exercise self-schema was related to reaction time in making decisions on future behavior ( R 2 = .29, F = 11.23), and in the regular PA group, agreement with PA information was related to reaction time for PA-related words, and agreement with non-PA information ( R 2 = .29, F = 8.91)]. These results highlight the need to consider participant characteristics when designing exercise interventions, and we present supplementary data regarding exercise self-schemas, decision-making, and the speed of processing PA information.

Comparison of Two Reaction-Time Tasks and Their Relation to Intelligence

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Small ◽  
J. F. Raney ◽  
Terry J. Knapp
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
Time Parameters

Two reaction time tasks were compared as measures of information-processing speed. A multiple R between the WAIS—R Full, Performance, and Verbal scales and several reaction time parameters was calculated for 28 college students. Results indicate that the reaction-time task used in exploring the relationships between speed of information processing and IQ can be less complex than those used to date.

The Speed of Information Processing of 9- to 13-Year-Old Intellectually Gifted Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoju Duan ◽  
Zhou Dan ◽  
Jiannong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Inspection Time ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Gifted Children ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
Intellectually Gifted

In general, intellectually gifted children perform better than non-gifted children across many domains. The present validation study investigated the speed with which intellectually gifted children process information. 184 children, ages 9 to 13 years old (91 gifted, M age = 10.9 yr., SD = 1.8; 93 non-gifted children, M age = 11.0 yr., SD = 1.7) were tested individually on three information processing tasks: an inspection time task, a choice reaction time task, an abstract matching task. Intellectually gifted children outperformed their non-gifted peers on all three tasks obtaining shorter reaction time and doing so with greater accuracy. The findings supported the validity of the information processing speed in identifying intellectually gifted children.

Choice Reaction Time and Speed of Information Processing in Old Age

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Surwillo
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing

Simple and choice RT were investigated in 54 male Ss, aged 34 to 92 yr. Findings suggested that old age is accompanied by a slowing of information processing.

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