An Analysis of Audit Scores of Adolescent Offenders in Two Midwestern Counties

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Nevitt ◽  
Joel Lundak ◽  
Jessica Codr ◽  
Robert Adams
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Diversion Program ◽  
Alcohol Interventions ◽  
Disorder Identification ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Sex And Age Differences ◽  
Frequent Drinking

The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test provides an accurate measure of risk associated with alcohol-related problems across sex, age, and cultures. As a recommended screening tool to detect patients who are appropriate candidates for brief, preventive alcohol interventions, it was given to 78 adolescents in a diversion program for drunk drivers in two southeastern Nebraska counties during routine alcohol-dependency evaluations. The subjects were grouped by age (18 and younger and over 18 years) and by sex. Based on a previous study, it was hypothesized that the responses to the first three AUDIT questions, related to alcohol consumption, would reflect sex and age differences. A 2 × 2 analysis of variance of scores on separate items indicated significant main effects for age ( F1,74 = 10.40, p<.002) for Question 1 with older boys' and girls' groups reporting they have drinks containing alcohol more frequently, for sex ( F1,74 = 14.65, p<.001) on Question 2 with the older boys' group reporting more frequent drinking on a typical day, and for age ( F1,74 = 7.74, p>.01), and sex ( F1,74 = 4.12, p<.05) on Question 3 with the older boys' group indicating that they more frequently consumed six or more drinks on one occasion. It is recommended that the AUDIT–C be included in drug and alcohol assessments with adolescents similar to those tested here, and professionals be alert to the possibilities of sex and age differences in response to questions related to consumption.

Child and Adolescent Suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina Before and After the War (1992–1995)

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Fajkic ◽  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Nestor D. Kapusta ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Evidence on youth suicides from Southeastern Europe is scarce. We are not aware of previous reports from Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experienced war from 1992 to 1995. Durkheim’s theory of suicide predicts decreased suicide rates in wartime and increased rates afterward. Aims: To compare child and adolescent suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina before and after the war. Methods: Data on youth suicide for prewar (1986–90) and postwar (2002–06) periods were analyzed with respect to prevalence, sex and age differences, and suicide methods. Suicide data from 1991 through 2001 were not available. Results: Overall youth suicide rates were one-third lower in the postwar than in the prewar period. This effect was most pronounced for girls, whose postwar suicide rates almost halved, and for 15–19-year-old boys, whose rates decreased by about a one-fourth. Suicides increased among boys aged 14 or younger. Firearm suicides almost doubled proportionally and were the predominant postwar method, while the most common prewar method had been hanging. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate the need for public education in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of firearm accessibility in youth suicide and for instructions on safe storage in households. Moreover, raising societal awareness about suicide risk factors and suicide prevention is needed.

Controlling for Response Biases Clarifies Sex and Age Differences in Facial Affect Recognition

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah J. Sasson ◽  
Amy E. Pinkham ◽  
Jan Richard ◽  
Paul Hughett ◽  
Raquel E. Gur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Response Biases ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

scholarly journals Sex and age differences in COVID-19 mortality in Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt ◽  
Martina Otavova ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PROBLEM DRINKING AND ALCOHOL RELATED PROBLEMS AMONG TEAM SPORTS PLAYERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
S A Medvedev ◽  
Yu P Zverev
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Psychometric Instrument ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

The aim of the present study was to assess the reasons and the pattern of alcohol consumption and the prevalence of alcohol related problems among professional soccer and basketball players. Psychometric instrument included Russian version of "AUDIT". The results demonstrated presence of significant alcoholization of sportsmen, which was reflected in the absence of responders abstaining from alcohol, preference for strong alcoholic beverages, high mean "AUDIT" score (7,4 ± 3,1) and alcohol consumption (401,7 ± 271,2 ml of ethanol per month). About one third of sportsmen consumed alcohol at dangerous level. The typical pattern of alcohol consumption was characterized by frequent intake of alcohol and consumption of 5 and more drinks on a typical day of drinking. About 93% of athletes experienced alcohol related problems.

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