The association between self-esteem and sense of coherence in adolescents aged 13–18 years—The role of sex and age differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unni K. Moksnes ◽  
Magdalena Lazarewicz
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Child and Adolescent Suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina Before and After the War (1992–1995)

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Fajkic ◽  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Nestor D. Kapusta ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Evidence on youth suicides from Southeastern Europe is scarce. We are not aware of previous reports from Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experienced war from 1992 to 1995. Durkheim’s theory of suicide predicts decreased suicide rates in wartime and increased rates afterward. Aims: To compare child and adolescent suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina before and after the war. Methods: Data on youth suicide for prewar (1986–90) and postwar (2002–06) periods were analyzed with respect to prevalence, sex and age differences, and suicide methods. Suicide data from 1991 through 2001 were not available. Results: Overall youth suicide rates were one-third lower in the postwar than in the prewar period. This effect was most pronounced for girls, whose postwar suicide rates almost halved, and for 15–19-year-old boys, whose rates decreased by about a one-fourth. Suicides increased among boys aged 14 or younger. Firearm suicides almost doubled proportionally and were the predominant postwar method, while the most common prewar method had been hanging. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate the need for public education in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of firearm accessibility in youth suicide and for instructions on safe storage in households. Moreover, raising societal awareness about suicide risk factors and suicide prevention is needed.

scholarly journals The motivational primacy of environmental coherence : self-derogation and the experience of meaning in life

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samantha J. Heintzelman
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Tendency

Although the human tendency to make self-serving attributions is well-documented, not all behaviors and cognitions are primarily self-serving. Victims blame themselves for uncontrollable circumstances and individuals derogate themselves to maintain a sense that the world is just. Callan and colleagues (2014) found that random negative outcomes result in lowered self-esteem, increased perceptions that one deserves bad outcomes, and spurred self-detrimental behaviors. How might these self-defeating processes be explained? I examined whether such processes might serve to maintain a broader sense of coherence that allows the experience of life as meaningful. Participants (N = 1199) wrote about past bad or good breaks, or daily activities, and then rated self-esteem, deservingness of bad outcomes, and meaning in life and coherence. I found no support for the prediction that self-esteem would negatively relate (or deservingness of bad outcome beliefs would positively relate) to meaning in life following reminders of bad breaks. Some evidence emerged suggesting that self-esteem was less strongly related to coherence in the good breaks condition compared to controls. Exploratory analyses examined the role of depression in processes involved in the experience of life as meaningful. The manipulation had stronger effects on meaning in life in participants experiencing depressive symptoms compared to those who were not. Furthermore, self-esteem was more strongly related to meaning in life in individuals experiencing some depression compared to the non-depressed participants, especially in the bad breaks condition. Implications for this work regarding the study of meaning in life and future directions regarding this research question are discussed.

scholarly journals Sex and Age Differences in Body-Image, Self-Esteem, and Body Mass Index in Adolescents and Adults After Single-Ventricle Palliation

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Pike ◽  
Lorraine S. Evangelista ◽  
Lynn V. Doering ◽  
Jo-Ann Eastwood ◽  
Alan B. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Single Ventricle Palliation ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Sex and Age Differences of Factor Pattern and Reliability of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in a Finnish Elderly Population

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirkka-Liisa Kivelä ◽  
Kimmo Pahkala
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Third ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Young Old ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Sex and age differences on the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale and the reliability of the scale among an elderly population of 1358 were investigated. A principal-components factor analysis was performed, and the remaining factors were rotated using the orthogonal varimax rotation algorithm. Four factors emerged for young-old (60–74 yr.) men, three for old-old (75+ yr.) men, three for young-old (60–74 yr.) women, and four for old-old (75+ yr.) women. The first factor was similar for young-old men, old-old men, and young-old women, and dealt with “loss of self-esteem”. The first factor for old-old women dealt with “agitated mood with somatic symptoms”. The second factor was also similar for young-old men, old-old men, and young-old women, and it described “agitated mood with somatic symptoms”, being similar to the first factor for old-old women. The second factor for old-old women was similar to that of the first factor (“loss of self-esteem”) for the other three groups. The third factor for young-old men and old-old women described psychomotor retardation. For young-old women the theme of the third factor was “depressed mood”, and for old-old men the predominant theme was “somatic symptoms”. Somatic symptoms were the main theme of the fourth factor for young-old men and old-old women. These results showed that there are sex and age differences in the factor structure of the scale among the elderly population. Cronbach alpha coefficients were relatively high: 0.73 for young-old men, 0.75 for old-old men, 0.72 for young-old women and 0.77 for old-old women.

scholarly journals Global Self-Esteem and Stress Intensity in a Group of Polish Nurses—A Mediatory Role of a Sense of Coherence

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 975
Author(s):  
Ewa Kupcewicz
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Safe Work ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Face

(1) Owing to their resistance resources, nurses can reduce the effects of stress, increase their commitment to work and improve their functioning in the face of challenges in the workplace. The aim of this study was to determine the mediatory role of a general sense of coherence and a sense of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness correlated with global self-esteem and the perceived stress intensity in a group of Polish nurses aged 45–55 years. (2) The research using the diagnostic survey method was conducted on a group of 176 nurses (M = 49.1; SD = 3.1) working in seven hospitals located in Olsztyn (Poland). The following were used for data collection: Perceived Stress Scale - PSS-10, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale and Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence (SOC-29) Questionnaire. (3) According to 21.02% of the nurses, their stress level at the workplace was low, 44.89% reported it was medium and 34.09% reported it was high. The self-esteem of nearly half of the nurses included in the study (48.30%) was at a medium level, 31.82% felt it was high and 19.89% felt it was low. The mediation analysis showed that a general sense of coherence and a sense of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness have a mediator status in a correlation between global self-esteem and stress intensity. However, their mediatory role is partial. It is desirable for safe work environment promotion programmes to reinforce nurses’ personal resources, which can be helpful in coping with stressors.

Social and Temporal Comparisons as Moderators of Psychological Resources Associations With Wellbeing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasida Ben-Zur
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Age Range ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract. The current study investigated the associations of psychological resources, social comparisons, and temporal comparisons with general wellbeing. The sample included 142 community participants (47.9% men; age range 23–83 years), who compared themselves with others, and with their younger selves, on eight dimensions (e.g., physical health, resilience). They also completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources of mastery and self-esteem, and three components of subjective wellbeing: life satisfaction and negative and positive affect. The main results showed that high levels of psychological resources contributed to wellbeing, with self-enhancing social and temporal comparisons moderating the effects of resources on certain wellbeing components. Specifically, under low levels of mastery or self-esteem self-enhancing social or temporal comparisons were related to either higher life satisfaction or positive affect. The results highlight the role of resources and comparisons in promoting people’s wellbeing, and suggest that self-enhancing comparisons function as cognitive coping mechanisms when psychological resources are low.

Are Three Items Sufficient to Measure Sense of Coherence?

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Chiesi ◽  
Andrea Bonacchi ◽  
Caterina Primi ◽  
Alessandro Toccafondi ◽  
Guido Miccinesi
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Measure Sense

Abstract. The present study aimed at evaluating if the three-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale developed by Lundberg and Nystrom Peck (1995) can be effectively used for research purpose in both nonclinical and clinical samples. To provide evidence that it represents adequately the measured construct we tested its validity in a nonclinical (N = 658) and clinical sample (N = 764 patients with cancer). Results obtained in the nonclinical sample attested a positive relation of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – with Antonovsky’s 13-item and 29-item SOC scales (convergent validity), and with dispositional optimism, sense of mastery, anxiety, and depression symptoms (concurrent validity). Results obtained in the clinical sample confirmed the criterion validity of the scale attesting the positive role of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – on the person’s capacity to respond to illness and treatment. The current study provides evidence that the three-item SOC scale is a valid, low-loading, and time-saving instrument for research purposes on large sample.

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