Correlation between Two Measures of Self-Esteem and Drug Use in a College Sample

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry M. Schaeffer ◽  
Marc A. Schuckit ◽  
Elizabeth R. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
College Sample ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between drug and alcohol use and self-esteem was investigated using students living in a co-ed dormitory. A questionnaire was distributed containing four sections including demographic information, the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (1967), an A Priori Identity Crisis scale, and a frequency of drug/alcohol use scale. 66% of the questionnaires were returned, yielding a sample of 171 males and 219 females. Heavy use of alcohol was related to low self-esteem. No relationship, however, was found between drug use and self-esteem. The relationship between drug and alcohol use and psychopathology is discussed as being a continuum.

scholarly journals Rediscovering empowerment with breastfeeding in an urban First Nation’s population

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Schroeder ◽  
Pamala Larsen ◽  
Norma Jean Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study Design ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Positive Outlook ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Abstract Background An inner-city neighbourhood of Regina, Saskatchewan continues to have recurring issues of drug and alcohol use affecting parents’ caregiving opportunity. In relation to this, many children, mostly of First Nations descent, are raised in out-of-home care away from their families. With the promotion of breastfeeding, in a neighbourhood prenatal/postnatal support program, breastfeeding rates have doubled and mothers’ participation in their children’s care has increased. Recognition and promotion of cultural beliefs about breastfeeding is integral to raise community awareness of the practice. To bring additional support for breastfeeding, the empowerment effects observed were measured. Methods Using a longitudinal study design, indicators of empowerment were assessed prenatally and again at two months postpartum. Indicators included self-esteem, caregiving activities, and drug and alcohol use. Outcomes of assessments were correlated to infant feeding practices and findings compared. Results Findings supported a statistically significant improvement for empowerment scores when mothers breastfed. Mean scores for self-esteem increased from 2.87 to 3.57 (r = .90, p = <.001); for caregiving, scores increased from 2.60 to 3.16 (r = .91, p = <.001); and for drug and alcohol use, scores decreased from 59 to 9% (p = <.001). Conclusions The study brings attention to the value of breastfeeding for caregiving in situations of addiction and limited resources. Practitioner reflexivity in regards to their support for breastfeeding is critical and includes openness to alternate breastfeeding situations and beliefs. The study found that a positive outlook on breastfeeding is the first step for a practitioner-client relationship that fosters confidence for marginalized populations. Significance statement According to research, less breastfeeding occurs when mothers are marginalized. In turn, as marginalization increases, a mother’s self-esteem regarding her ability to adequately care for her child decreases. Healthcare professionals tend to be less likely to support a decision to breastfeed if there is concern about the mother’s resources and lifestyles. This research brings new attention to the importance of breastfeeding in disadvantaged situations related to an empowerment effect of breastfeeding for caregiving which includes cessation of drug and alcohol use. This effect has not previously been measured.

The Relationship between Drug and Alcohol Use and Peer Group Associations of College Freshmen as They Transition from High School

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Leibsohn
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
College Freshmen ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Transition From High School ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

College freshmen responded to a drug and alcohol questionnaire. For drugs other than alcohol and marijuana, the best predictor of drug use at the beginning of college is drug use during a typical month of the senior year of high school. College freshmen, however, use marijuana less frequently than they did in high school and the use of alcoholic beverages increases early in college. While the frequency of alcohol use increases considerably, college freshmen do not increase the number of times they got drunk. It has been hypothesized that the likely change in peer relations between high school and college would alter subsequent rates of drug and alcohol use. However, the data shows that college and high school drug use are very similar and entering freshmen found new friends much like their high school friends to use drugs with and get drunk. Therefore, alcohol and drug use may be important determining factors in the choice of new college friends.

scholarly journals Use of Alcohol and Unprescribed Drugs after Suicide Bereavement: Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Eng ◽  
Lauren Drabwell ◽  
Fiona Stevenson ◽  
Michael King ◽  
David Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

Studies describing the impact of suicide bereavement report an excess risk of suicide, suicide attempt, psychiatric illness, and drug and alcohol use disorders compared with the general population. However, the nature of patterns of drug and alcohol use after suicide bereavement is unclear. We used an online survey to collect qualitative data to understand whether and how drug and alcohol use changes after suicide bereavement. We conducted thematic analysis of free-text responses to a question capturing their use of alcohol and drugs after the suicide of a family member or a close friend. Analysing data from 346 adults in Britain aged 18–40, we identified three main themes describing the relationship of suicide bereavement to alcohol or drug use: (1) control over drug or alcohol use, (2) the perceived purpose of using drugs or alcohol, and (3) the attribution of drug or alcohol misuse to external factors. Overlying these themes were dimensions of control and of awareness of potential harms. This study highlights that increased use of drugs and alcohol after suicide bereavement may form part of a bereaved person’s coping strategies, and that sensitive approaches are needed when judging whether and when to intervene.

Drug and alcohol use and treatment for Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous prisoners: demand reduction strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Dolan ◽  
Ana Rodas ◽  
Adam Bode
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Opioid Substitution Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the use of drugs and alcohol by Indigenous and non-Indigenous prisoners and examine relevant treatment in Australian prisons. Design/methodology/approach – Prison authorities were surveyed about alcohol and drug use by prisoners prior to and during imprisonment and drug and alcohol treatment programs in prison. The literature was review for information on alcohol and drug use and treatment in Australian prisons. Findings – In 2009, over 80 percent of Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmates smoked. Prior to imprisonment, many Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmates drank alcohol at risky levels (65 vs 47 percent) and used illicit drugs (over 70 percent for both groups). Reports of using heroin (15 vs 21 percent), ATS (21 vs 33 percent), cannabis (59 vs 50 percent) and injecting (61 vs 53 percent) were similarly high for both groups. Prison-based programs included detoxification, Opioid Substitution Treatment, counselling and drug free units, but access was limited especially among Indigenous prisoners. Research limitations/implications – Drug and alcohol use was a significant issue in Australian prisons. Prisoners were over five times more likely than the general population to have a substance use disorder. Imprisonment provides an important opportunity for rehabilitation for offenders. This opportunity is especially relevant to Indigenous prisoners who were more likely to use health services when in prison than in the community and given their vast over representations in prison populations. Practical implications – Given the effectiveness of treatment in reducing re-offending rates, it is important to expand drug treatment and especially culturally appropriate treatment programs for Indigenous inmates. Originality/value – Very little is known about Indigenous specific drug and alcohol programs in Australian prisons.

scholarly journals Prevalence of drug and alcohol use in urban Afghanistan: epidemiological data from the Afghanistan National Urban Drug Use Study (ANUDUS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. e592-e600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B Cottler ◽  
Shaun Ajinkya ◽  
Bruce A Goldberger ◽  
Mohammad Asrar Ghani ◽  
David M Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Drug Use Study

Middle childhood vulnerability to drugs and alcohol

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Rob Ewin ◽  
Abi Reed ◽  
Lewis Powell
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Purpose There are identified problems facing law enforcement in the correct approach to childhood drug and alcohol use at street level which can cause aggression, developmental, psychological problems and family conflict (Maher and Dixon, 1999). Childhood exposure to drugs and alcohol can encourage criminal activity, anti-social conduct and increased child-to-parent conflict (Brook et al., 1992; Reinherz et al., 2000; Coogan, 2011; McElhone, 2017). Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this study is to explore middle-childhood (11-15 years) experiences of drugs and alcohol through a survey to determine the earliest opportunity for the involvement of services based on the experiences of children. Findings The key findings are alcohol consumption in middle childhood is supported by parental alcohol provision; those in middle childhood are most likely to consume alcohol at home and drugs at street level (any place away from home including school, young clubs, open public space and parks); children in middle childhood use mainly cannabis to experience euphoria, minimize childhood problems and to fulfill acquisitive desire; and late childhood shows movement away from street-level drug use to drug use in private spaces with friends and increased levels of experiential or social drinking, within spaces shared by larger social groups. Practical implications The authors propose that a health-orientated early help model in middle childhood should be adopted, with support such as community- and school-based child and parental drug education; wider information sharing between schools, policing and health authorities at an early stage to support a contextual safeguarding approach; and recognition and recording practices around middle childhood which is an acute phase for children to become involved in drug and alcohol consumption. Originality/value Children’s drug use in middle childhood is often not recorded, and the problem can be associated with simple ill-parenting approaches. The authors believe that little was known about the spaces and occurrence of drug and alcohol use in middle childhood.

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