Assessing Daily Problems with Diabetes: A Subject-Oriented Approach to Compliance

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Duran ◽  
Peter Herschbach ◽  
Sabine Waadt ◽  
Friedrich Strian ◽  
Angela Zettler
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Dependent

The reliability, construct validity, and discriminant validity of a new self-report questionnaire, the Questionnaire on Stress in Diabetic Patients, were assessed in a sample of 617 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The 90-item inventory is designed to assess psychosocial stress associated with problems in daily living with diabetes. One of the intended uses is to identify psychosocial factors hampering patient compliance with the necessary treatment regimen. Values of Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.63 to 0.88. The results provide initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the instrument.

Hepatic drug metabolism is increased in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Goldstein ◽  
Anna Simpson ◽  
Paul Saenger
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hepatic Drug Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Drug ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Abstract. In addition to increased glycosylation of hemoglobin, abnormalities of other heme proteins such as cytochrome P-450 might also occur in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Antipyrine is a useful marker drug for cytochrome P-450 dependent hepatic drug metabolism. Antipyrine kinetics and urinary excretion of antipyrine metabolites were measured in 14 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in poor metabolic control. Improvement in diabetic control in 9 patients, as measured by more normal HbA1 values, led to normalization of plasma antipyrine half-time (t½) and metabolism: the mean antipyrine t½ slowed from 4.7±0.2 (sem) initially to 7.8±0.3 h in these 9 patients and was thus nearly identical to that of normal subjects 8.6±1.0. Antipyrine plasma clearance improved in the 9 diabetic patients whose diabetic control improved. The apparent volume of distribution was normal on both occasions in the diabetic patients. These findings provide a new argument for tight metabolic control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals FTIR Spectroscopic Investigation of Mineral Structure of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rat Femur and Tibia

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handan Boyar ◽  
Belma Turan ◽  
Feride Severcan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can be accepted as a heterogenous multi organ disorder that can affect various systems of the human body. Disorders include retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, musculoskeletal abnormalities such as diminished bone formation and bone healing retardation. Low bone mineral density is often mentioned as a complication for patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I DM). Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats are good models for investigation of the complications of insulin dependent diabetes. In the present study, the effects of STZ induced diabetes on the mineral environment of rat bones namely femur and tibia were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique. The results revealed that mineral crystal sizes increased and carbonate content decreased for diabetic femur and tibia. These changes can be due to the formation of osteoporosis which is widely seen in diabetic patients.

Islet cell transplantation for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: perspectives from the present and prospects for the future

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek W.R. Gray ◽  
Nicolas Titus ◽  
Lionel Badet
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Human Islet ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Islet Cell Transplantation ◽  
Insulin Dependent

The long-term complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have become a major health care problem, and it is now clear that they arise from inadequate homeostatic control of blood glucose by injected replacement insulin. Transplantation of pancreatic islets is arguably the most logical approach to restoring metabolic homeostasis in people with diabetes. This review looks at the current status of human islet transplantation and the problems that remain. These include: (1) the limited supply of human islet tissue available for transplantation; (2) the adverse effects of current immunosuppressive protocols on diabetic patients; (3) the problems of primary nonfunction of the transplanted islets; (4) the rejection of islets; and (5) the recurrence of autoimmune diabetic disease. Some of the approaches that might solve these problems are then examined: (1) immune modulation to reduce or prevent immune attack by the recipient's immune system; (2) immunoisolation to prevent recognition of the islet graft; (3) induction of tolerance; (4) xenotransplantation using islets derived from animals; and (5) gene therapy.

Abstract P348: Prognostic Value of Exercise Capacity in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas T Qureshi ◽  
Mohammad Zaidan ◽  
Mohammad Alqarqaz ◽  
David Lanfear ◽  
Fatima Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Social Security Death Index ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Background: Exercise capacity has been shown to predict outcomes in the general population. However, the prognostic value of Exercise capacity in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has not been extensively evaluated. Methods: We included 10768 consecutive diabetic patients (3600 (33%) IDDM and 7168 NIDDM (67%)) who underwent exercise testing between 1991 and 2008. Baseline characteristics and exercise data were collected prospectively at the time of testing including Metabolic Equivalents (METS). The primary endpoint is all cause mortality confirmed by the social security death index. Results: Patents with IDDM were older, more often females (46% vs. 41%) with higher prevalence of hypertension (83% vs. 77%) and prior coronary disease (21% vs. 17%). Patients with NIDDM achieved more than 10 METS more often (36% vs. 30%, p<0.0001). After a median follow-up duration of 6.4 years (Range 1-18 years), 2143 patients (20%) died. Kaplan Meier survival curves are shown below. Using Multivariable Cox Hazard Proportional Analysis, IDDM (Hazard ratio 1.45, 95% CI 1.3 -1.6, p<0.0001 (in comaprison to NIDDM)) and METS achieved (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.80-0.83, p<0.0001 per METS achieved) were associated with decreased survival. Conclusions: In this large cohort of diabetic patients, decreased Exercise capacity is independently associated with decreased survival over long follow-up duration.

Regulation of plasma vasopressin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (3) ◽  
pp. E317-E325 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Zerbe ◽  
F. Vinicor ◽  
G. L. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Plasma Vasopressin ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Vasopressin Secretion

Patients with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have elevations in plasma vasopressin that cannot be accounted for totally by recognized osmotic or nonosmotic stimuli. To investigate the possibility that regulation of vasopressin secretion is abnormal in this disease, we characterized the vasopressin response to osmotic and hemodynamic stimuli in five uncomplicated, well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetics, and compared the results with those found in nondiabetic volunteers. During osmotic stimulation with hypertonic saline, plasma vasopressin increased in close linear correlation with plasma osmolality or sodium in both groups. However, in the diabetics, the lines describing the relationships between plasma sodium and vasopressin were shifted significantly to the left of normal, suggesting resetting of the osmostat. This shift was not due to abnormal stimulation by hyperglycemia, because increasing plasma glucose and osmolality by intravenous infusion of hypertonic dextrose produced no increase in plasma vasopressin in diabetics or normals. Tilt tests produced a slightly exaggerated increase in plasma vasopressin in diabetics, but their basal and upright pulse rate, blood pressure, plasma renin activity, norepinephrine, and hematocrit were all normal. The results indicate that in diabetic patients the osmoreceptor for osmotic regulation of vasopressin secretion is reset in such a way that higher plasma vasopressin levels are observed at comparable levels of plasma sodium. The exact cause and consequence of this abnormality remain to be determined.

Combination of Low-Dose Niacin and Pravastatin Improves the Lipid Profile in Diabetic Patients without Compromising Glycemic Control

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie F Gardner ◽  
Michael A Marx ◽  
Laura M White ◽  
Mark C Granberry ◽  
David R Skelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Dependent

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of the addition of low-dose niacin (1.5 g/d) in a diabetic hypercholesterolemic population who were unable to attain desired lipid control with low-dose (20 mg) pravastatin monotherapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label study conducted over a 14-week period. Twenty-three diabetic patients with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations of at least 150 mg/dL after dietary therapy were recruited from the outpatient diabetes clinic of a university teaching hospital. After 4 weeks of dietary stabilization and baseline determination of the lipid profile and glycemic control, patients received pravastatin 20 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Laboratory parameters were reassessed and niacin was added to the regimen in qualifying patients. Over 2 weeks, patients' regimens were titrated to a maximal dosage of 500 mg tid. Patients continued to receive the combination regimen for 4 weeks and were reassessed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Sixteen patients (14 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 2 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) completed the study. Mean fasting blood sugar and fructosamine concentrations were unchanged throughout the study. Five patients required minor alterations (3 increased, 2 decreased) in their hypoglycemic regimens during the study. The addition of low-dose niacin to pravastatin therapy resulted in a significant lowering of LDL cholesterol compared with pravastatin monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose niacin is a promising addition to hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Variations of 1-deoxyglucose(1,5-anhydroglucitol) content in plasma from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1396-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yoshioka ◽  
S Saitoh ◽  
C Negishi ◽  
T Fujisawa ◽  
A Fujimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glass Capillary Column ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Abstract The concentration of 1-deoxyglucose(1,5-anhydroglucitol) in plasma from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was measured by gas-liquid chromatography with an all-glass capillary column. Twenty-one plasma samples were obtained from 21 patients before insulin therapy, and 34 more from 13 patients receiving insulin therapy. 1-Deoxyglucose was generally not detectable in plasmas of diabetic patients before they received insulin; it was measurable in the patients who had received insulin, although its concentration was low compared with that of healthy subjects. We therefore suggest that the absence of 1-deoxyglucose in plasma is one of the markers of metabolic states of diabetes, perhaps reflecting a disturbed function of carbohydrate metabolism; its presence in plasma within a normal range may reflect the better control of diabetic patients.

Age at Diagnosis of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Southern Iran

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
G R Pishdad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
The Mean

To obtain an estimate of the age at onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in southern Iran, the medical records of the confirmed diabetic patients who attended the diabetes and endocrine clinics in southern Iran from March 1984 to February 1993 were reviewed. The case records of 2566 patients, in whom non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was considered most probable, and who were resident in southern Iran at the time of diagnosis, were studied; they included 1176 (45.8%) men and 1390 (54.2%) women. The age at diagnosis of the disease in men ranged between 18 and 82 years with a mean of 45.6 ± 11.4 (± SD) years, and in women, between 15 and 83 with a mean of 44.3 ± 12.2 (± SD) years. There was no statistically significant sex-related difference in the mean age at diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in these patients. Sex-specific rates showed a female to male ratio of 1.25 to 1. Age-specific rates indicated that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was most often diagnosed before age 55 and most commonly in the forties.

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