scholarly journals Accumulation Features of Micro and Macroelements in Indigenous and Alien Molluscs in Saldanha Bay, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-508
Author(s):  
Jacques Bezuidenhout ◽  
Pavel Nekhoroshkov ◽  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
Nikita Yushin ◽  
Marina Frontasyeva
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Pacific Oysters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Accumulation Ability

Abstract Alien Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas and indigenous Cape mussels Choromytilus meridionalis were used as sentinel biomonitors of inorganic pollutants in Saldanha Bay, South Africa. Neutron activation analysis was used to determine the concentrations of 33 macro and microelements in the soft tissues of molluscs. The Mediterranean mussels significantly demonstrated the higher accumulation ability to S, Se and Br than the Pacific oysters, whereas the Pacific oysters - to Fe, Cu, Zn and As. The Cape mussels are more sensitive to Mn and As and the Mediterranean mussels were sensitive to Zn and Se.

scholarly journals Levels of Elements in Typical Mussels from the Southern Coast of Africa (Namibia, South Africa, Mozambique): Safety Aspect

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3238
Author(s):  
Pavel Nekhoroshkov ◽  
Jacques Bezuidenhout ◽  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
Nikita Yushin ◽  
Konstantin Vergel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
The West ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Main Food Source ◽  
Richards Bay

The soft tissues of mussels are often used as the main food source, especially in coastal areas. Neutron Activation Analysis was used to measure the content of 24 macro- and microelements in the soft tissues and 18 elements in the shells of selected sets of mussels of the species Mytilus galloprovincialis. The mussels were collected in 8 polluted and 4 pristine zones, which included Namibia, the west and east coasts of South Africa, and Mozambique. According to factor analysis Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, I, Sb could have anthropogenic origin. The concentrations of elements such as Cr, As, Se and partly Zn at polluted stations were above the maximum permissible levels for seafood. The concentrations of Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Sb, Cs, Th, U in shells and soft tissues of the same mussels were at the close levels. Elements such as Al, Cr, Co, As (partly Zn, Se, and I) are considered to be harmful to human health at the levels of mussels consumption of 200 g/week per person and lower in such zones as Swakopmund, East London, Port Shepstone, Richards Bay, Xai-Xai according to calculated risk quotients and target hazard indices.

Plumbate Origins and Development

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Neff ◽  
Ronald L. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Early Postclassic ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Compositional Study

The question of spatial and temporal origins for Plumbate ware is addressed with archaeological evidence from the eastern Soconusco region of the Pacific slope, and evidence from a recent stylistic and compositional study (the latter by neutron-activation analysis). This evidence confirms the Pacific coastal-origins hypothesis proposed by Shepard (1948), suggesting specifically that the first Plumbate, designated "Guayabal Plumbate," was produced in or near the littoral zone of southwest Guatemala. The development of Early Postclassic Tohil Plumbate out of Late Classic San Juan Plumbate is found not to involve a hypothesized intermediate stage (designated "Robles" in previous literature). The fancy abstract-incised and effigy style associated with Tohil Plumbate is argued to represent a stylistic departure of a small group of ceramic artisans who previously had worked in a long-lived "background" tradition.

Correlation of Volcanic Ash Deposits by Activation Analysis of Glass Separates

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Borchardt ◽  
M. E. Harward ◽  
R. A. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Cascade Mountains ◽  
Elemental Abundances ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Volcanic ash deposits whose source is the Cascade Mountains area were correlated on the basis of 19 elemental abundances obtained by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). After activation of glassy separates in a TRIGA reactor, gammaray spectra were obtained and analyzed with computer programs. The elements Na, Sm, Sc, Fe, Ce, Hf, and Th were determined with relative standard deviations less than 5%; the precision for La, Co, Eu, Yb, Cs, Ba, and Lu was less than 17%; larger errors were obtained for Rb, Ta, Nd, Tb, and Cr. A statistical method was developed for correlation on the basis of relative elemental compositions unique to the ash deposits. Elemental abundances of Mazama glassy separates were independent of distance from the source. The site to site chemical variability of crystal rich Glacier Peak and St. Helens ash layers was greater than for Mazama and Newberry ashes. The Rb, Yb, Lu, Th, and Ta contents in Newberry glass were more than twice those in Mazama glass. The concentrations of trace elements in Glacier Peak and St. Helens ashes generally were less than one-half those in Mazama glass. The presence of Mazama ash has been confirmed at sites in Oregon, Washington, Alberta, and in sediments of the Pacific Ocean.

Identification of the Sources of Hopewellian Obsidian in the Middle West

1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Griffin ◽  
A. A. Gordus ◽  
G. A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Middle West

AbstractOne hundred and twenty years ago, the first obsidian implements were reported from Hopewellian mounds by Squier and Davis (1848). Since that time, a number of regions have been suggested as the source area: Alaska, the Pacific Coast, Yellowstone National Park, New Mexico, and central Mexico. Neutron activation analysis of the elemental composition of Hopewellian obsidian indicates two separate element groups. One of these, the 150 Group, has its source at Obsidian Cliff in Yellowstone. The second, the 90 Group, is also located in Yellowstone, but the exact flow has not yet been discovered.

scholarly journals Interaction and the end of the Late Bronze Age as displayed through neutron activation analysis of Late Helladic sherds: a case study on Asine in the Argolid, Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Sjöberg ◽  
H. Mommsen
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThis article discusses the results of neutron activation analysis made on a limited number of LH IIIB and LH IIIC period sherds from the Argive settlement Asine, Greece. The analysis indicates that the transformation from the palatial to the post-palatial period, on a local level of a village as Asine, was not signified by loss of contacts with the surrounding world. Rather continuity and interaction prevailed, although with other geographical areas as production and use of pottery in the LH IIIB period apparently had a more regional preponderance. The geographical dominance of pottery assigned to producers in north-eastern Peloponnese and distributed over the Mediterranean was terminated, but other operators may have responded to the demand for pottery.

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