Vertigos. Climates of Philosophy

In this essay, I suggest that we are currently witnessing a mutation, which disrupts the mythical imaginary that had confined viruses, climate change, and atmospheric turbulences to an immutable background in the all-too-human narrative of the struggle against nature. I argue that the incapacity of translating this mutation in cultural and social terms, and the repression of this traumatic experience, are the cause of the perturbation that haunts our time. Disorientation pervades philosophy when the entire imaginary to which it had anchored its power to change the world seems to dissolve in the air, when what was silent and distant turns out to be vibrant, more familiar to us than any known proximity. Precisely for this reason, philosophy must rediscover its ability to inhabit times and spaces different from those oriented by the hegemony of capitalist progress, with its correlate of regular catastrophic emergencies and calculated risk. In this essay, I aim to present a perspective in which, instead of coming back straightforwardly ‘down to earth’, philosophy accepts inhabiting the fluctuating disorientation of its own time, itself populated by intermittent and uncertain opportunities of experiencing differently the past and the future—to encounter different relationships with the times that change.

The Freedom Fight: A Novel of Resistance and Freedom. A Translation by Pamela J. Olubunmi Smith of Adébáyọ̀ Fálétí’s Ọmọ Olókùn Ẹṣin

The story entailed in Ọmọ Olókùn Ẹṣin (The Freedom Fight) is straightforward. Àjàyí, the titular hero, starts off with the direct first-person narrative. The story starts off straight from the horse’s mouth, setting the stage for all other active agents to render their own sides of the events, to which everyone else is not privy. Here is the snippet of the novel directly from the author’s blurb: Àjàyí, son of Council Chief Olókùn Ẹṣin of Àgùn, seeks independence on behalf of his Òkè Ògùn kinsmen, independence from the oppressive Òkò, one of the principal regions of Yorùbáland. To this end he and his many friends – among them Àyọwí from Igboho, and Ibiwumi, the Otu Baale’s ̀ daughter – who help him narrate this story, suffered untold hardships. In the beginning, the very countrymen he sought to liberate were opposed to the talk of independence because no one could really grasp the idea. However, in the end, Àjàyí prevailed. Where shall we begin this tale? Which among the story’s many episodes should one emphasize – is it Kọ́lájọ’s demonic rampage, or Ibiwumi’s calculated risk, or Lagbogun’s greed and flagrant abuse of power and privilege? Incidents abound – highlights herein include the riot in Baba-Ode Townships; the fight at Idi Araba; the bizarre encounter in the market 200 Michael Oladejo Afolayan center at Igboho; even the scuffle outside Baale of Ìgbẹtì’s compound; and, ́ of course, many more of Àjàyí’s numerous acts of valour and defiance.

Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator Macrolophus basicornis (Hemiptera: Miridae)

The generalist mirid predator Macrolophus basicornis may contribute to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of Bemisia tabaci in tomato crops. It is important to know the compatibility of the chemicals used to control this pest with this promising biological control agent. Seven insecticides were tested to investigate their toxicity to the predator. For four of the products, the LC50 for adults were determined. Buprofezin, cyantraniliprole and spiromesifen did not cause lethality and were classified as harmless. Acetamiprid, bifenthrin, etofenprox + acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid caused acute toxicity and were classified as harmful. LT50 for all harmful insecticides were relatively low, ranging from 1.8 to 3.2 days. Moreover, these four insecticides have low LC50, with acetamiprid (0.26 mg a.i. L−1) as the lowest, followed by bifenthrin (0.38 mg a.i. L−1), etofenprox + acetamiprid (4.80 mg a.i. L−1) and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid (8.71 mg a.i. L−1). However, the calculated risk quotient (RQ) values demonstrated that these insecticides were mostly ecologically safe for this predator, except for acetamiprid, classified as slightly to moderately toxic. The present study can contribute to the use of M. basicornis as a biological control agent on tomato crops and to compatible use with the insecticides tested, according to IPM strategies.

Entrepreneurial Orientation, Innovation and Performance of Value-system Actors

The purpose of this study was to explore entrepreneurial orientation as a cognitive construct attributable to individuals and its relationship with innovation and performance from an industry ecosystem perspective. The study adopted a mixed design approach involving exploration of the factors and a diagnosis of their hypothesized relationships. A mixed sampling of members of a leather industry association and the linked industry institutions was carried out with a 76% response rate achieved. Quantitative data was collected from key decision-makers as informants of firms in Kenya’s leather industry using a questionnaire for guided interviews. The Delphi Technique and a pilot study (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.700 – 0.772) were used to establish instrument reliability. Factor analysis was performed on the study variables using Principal Component Analysis before inferential analysis. Entrepreneurial orientation showed validity as a second-order latent construct comprising three cognitive dimensions, namely vision for growth, opportunity recognition and calculated risk-taking. Entrepreneurial orientation and its antecedents were established as determinants of performance of value-system actors in an industry (R2=0.422, F=13.417, p=0.000). It further showed that this relationship is partially mediated by innovation by the firms (Sobel test Z-value = 3.30449610, p=0.00095147). The study recommends extension of this research to other industries.

Levels of Elements in Typical Mussels from the Southern Coast of Africa (Namibia, South Africa, Mozambique): Safety Aspect

The soft tissues of mussels are often used as the main food source, especially in coastal areas. Neutron Activation Analysis was used to measure the content of 24 macro- and microelements in the soft tissues and 18 elements in the shells of selected sets of mussels of the species Mytilus galloprovincialis. The mussels were collected in 8 polluted and 4 pristine zones, which included Namibia, the west and east coasts of South Africa, and Mozambique. According to factor analysis Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, I, Sb could have anthropogenic origin. The concentrations of elements such as Cr, As, Se and partly Zn at polluted stations were above the maximum permissible levels for seafood. The concentrations of Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Sb, Cs, Th, U in shells and soft tissues of the same mussels were at the close levels. Elements such as Al, Cr, Co, As (partly Zn, Se, and I) are considered to be harmful to human health at the levels of mussels consumption of 200 g/week per person and lower in such zones as Swakopmund, East London, Port Shepstone, Richards Bay, Xai-Xai according to calculated risk quotients and target hazard indices.

54. Self-Perception of Risk for HIV Acquisition and Calculated Risk for HIV Acquisition Among Active Duty Air Force Members with Newly Diagnosed HIV Infection

Background Persons may underestimate their risk of HIV infection despite presence of risk factors. Accurate appraisal of HIV risk may assist both patients and providers in preventing HIV acquisition. We evaluated self-perceived risk (SPR) versus calculated risk (CR) of HIV infection in active duty US Air Force (USAF) members with incident HIV infection. Methods USAF members with new HIV diagnosis evaluated at a specialty care military medical center between January 2015-March 2020 with available case report forms were included (n=142). Chart reviews were performed and demographic, social, and clinical characteristics were collected from initial Infectious Disease specialty encounters and case report forms. SPR was characterized as Low or High and compared to CR derived by the Denver HIV Risk Score (DHRS) by points based on patient demographic and risk exposure characteristics. Results Overall, patients were predominantly male (98%), with a median age of 26 years (IQR 22-30), and the majority (85%) reported same-sex partners (Table 1). Patients more commonly characterized themselves as Low SPR (n=78; 55%) than High SPR (n=64; 45%). Demographic characteristics were similar except a higher proportion of Low SPR patients (29%) were married or partnered compared to High SPR patients (14%; p=0.04). There was no difference in self-reported condom use (≥50% of the time) between Low (63%) and High (72%) SPR patients (p=0.28) and documented history of sexually transmitted infections was similarly high in both groups ( >70%; p=0.85). Previous HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use was uncommon in both Low SPR (8%) and High SPR (6%) groups. For the evaluation of CR by DHRS (Table 2), both Low and High SPR groups had median scores in the very high risk category (≥50 points) with similar results by test component. Conclusion USAF members with incident HIV infection more commonly identified with low SPR despite similar risk behaviors and CRs as high SPR patients. The development of patient education programs and promotion of HIV prevention services including PrEP are needed to reduce incident HIV cases in the USAF. Validated HIV risk calculators like the DHRS may also assist medical providers in identifying candidates for HIV prevention services. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Exploration a New Model for Assessment the Environmental Risk of Dams in Construction Stage (Case Study: Balarood Dam, Khuzestan)

Dam projects have serious influences on environmental parameters; therefore, environment risk assessment of dam is one of the most significant aspects of environmental risk management in these projects. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model for assessing the environmental risk of dams in construction stage. After identifying environmental risks and using the EFMEA method, the risk priority number for each of the environmental aspects was calculated and classified. Then, to assess and prioritize the identified environmental risks, the VIKOR method was used. The results showed that in The EFMEA method and by comparing calculated risk numbers, the risk of water pollution of Balarood River with the risk priority number of 125 is in the first priority. In the VIKOR method, the risks of water pollution in terms of agreement (high, average, low) with weights (1,300, 1,000 and 0,700) were identified as the most important risks. In the present article, using EFMEA and VIKOR methods in the environmental risk assessment of the dam, the most important risks were determined. The most important proposed corrective measure to reduce the environmental risks is the construction and completion of wastewater treatment for industrial units.

EP.FRI.454 National Emergency Laparotomy Audit: are we compliant with pre-operative mortality risk documentation?

The National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) set out key performance indicators in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy, one of which is the assessment of individuals pre-operative risk of mortality. This should be made explicit to the patient and recorded clearly on the consent form and in the medical record.1 Pre-operative mortality risk can be calculated through clinical assessment or using the NELA risk scoring tool. Omission of a this can lead to patients missing out on accepted standards of care and belies gaining informed consent. A snapshot audit of patients added to the NELA database was performed between 01/08/2020 and 31/10/2020. Data collected included the pre-operative mortality risk percentage (if calculated) and whether the patient was taken to theatre. This figure was correlated against the patient's physical notes or scanned copies on Medway. A target level of ≥ 85% of patients having their pre-operative mortality risk calculated and the this figure being documented appropriately. 49 patients were uploaded to the NELA database and 80% (n = 39) had a calculated risk. 55% of these patients (n = 27) proceeded to theatre, however correlation with physical notes and scanned documents on Medway revealed none had the correct documentation as per NELA standards. A questionnaire circulated to trainees and consultants exploring their understanding of pre-operative mortality risk documentation. Of the 7 respondents, 4 stated they rarely or never documented the pre-operative mortality risk as per NELA guidance. Ideas for improving the documentation process included a NELA pathway document, visual aids (e.g. poster) and a pre-operative mortality risk sticker.

Planned Pregnancy in Kidney Transplantation. A Calculated Risk

Pregnancy is not contraindicated in kidney transplant women but entails risks of maternal and fetal complications. Three main conditions can influence the outcome of pregnancy in transplant women: preconception counseling, maternal medical management, and correct use of drugs to prevent fetal toxicity. Preconception counseling is needed to prevent the risks of an unplanned untimely pregnancy. Pregnancy should be planned ≥2 years after transplantation. The candidate for pregnancy should have normal blood pressure, stable serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL, and proteinuria <500 mg/24 h. Maternal medical management is critical for early detection and treatment of complications such as hypertension, preeclampsia, thrombotic microangiopathy, graft dysfunction, gestational diabetes, and infection. These adverse outcomes are strongly related to the degree of kidney dysfunction. A major issue is represented by the potential fetotoxicity of drugs. Moderate doses of glucocorticoids, azathioprine, and mTOR inhibitors are relatively safe. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are not associated with teratogenicity but may increase the risk of low birth weight. Rituximab and eculizumab should be used in pregnancy only if the benefits outweigh the risk for the fetus. Renin–angiotensin system inhibitors, mycophenolate, bortezomib, and cyclophosphamide can lead to fetal toxicity and should not be prescribed to pregnant women.

Mengungkap Sistem Pemasaran Nasi Boran Dengan Pendekatan Teori Entrepreneurial Marketing

This research aims to describe the appropriate marketing system for selling Nasi Boran with an entrepreneurial marketing theory approach. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data mining techniques in this research, namely: observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. Data reduction, data display (display), and verification used for analyzing data. The results of this study indicate that there are seven variables to the entrepreneurial marketing theory approach on the marketing of Nasi boran. These include: (1) Proactive, namely increased sales. (2) Innovative, which is creating new ideas. (3) Calculated Risk-Taking, namely facing the competitive world of business. (4) Opportunities, namely seeing and taking opportunities. (5) Customer Intensity, namely building and maintaining good relationships. (6) Resource Leveraging, namely using and utilizing existing resources. (7) Value Creation, namely creating new combinations.