scholarly journals State of in situ forest genetic resources of broadleaved tree species in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Ihor Neyko ◽  
Veronika Monarkh ◽  
Svitlana Poznyakova ◽  
Mykhailo Matusyak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
English Oak ◽  
Broadleaved Tree ◽  
The Right

Abstract Forest genetic resources (FGRs) are an important source of biodiversity conservation and forest restoration. Today, more than 600 genetic reserves (GRs) of more than 30 main forest tree species have been allocated in Ukraine. The main aim of the work is to reveal the features of the distribution, environmental condition and the trends of state of in situ gene sources of broadleaved tree species in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Based on the research results, it has been established that the share of FGR in situ is only 0.3–0.5% of the total forest area of the region. The predominant species of forest stands of the region are English oak (Quercus robur L.) – 37.7%, European beach (Fagus sylvatica L.) – 26.8% and Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) – 7.6%. The in situ locations of Black alder (Alnus incana L.), Sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), English oak and Common ash are characterized by the highest average annual temperature (8.1–8.2°С), the accumulated temperatures for the growing season (3111.9–3237.1°С). Stands with the European beech predominance are allocated in better moisture conditions by the precipitation-temperatures ratio (Selianinov Hydrothermal Index (HTI) – 1.769–1.802; climatic index by Vorobyov – 2.707–2.951). The in situ gene pool conservation units are defined by 12 soil types that are included in the 7 main groups according to the FAO international classification. The largest number of sites, 67 (56.8%), is concentrated on grey and dark-grey forest soils (Haplic Greyzems) (47%). According to the research results, GRs are not evenly distributed, they do not fully reflect the environmental diversity, and their area is negligible. We indicated the unsatisfactory condition of most genetic reserves. It was caused by reducing the share of main tree species, decrease in relative stocking density of stands and tree-breeding structure and deterioration of tree stands condition. This requires the development and implementation of an integration strategy based on the established concept of developing a national ecological network on both national and pan-European levels.

scholarly journals Forest genetic resources in Serbia: State and recommendations for improvement in this area

2014 ◽  
pp. 51-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic ◽  
Jelena Milovanovic ◽  
Marina Nonic
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources ◽  
Definition Of

Forest genetic resources, which represent genetic diversity contained in the thousands of forest tree species, take a significant place in total biodiversity of Serbia. The forest ecosystems of Serbia include about 250 indigenous tree species which, according to geographical-floral elements, belong to the Middle-European, Pontic and Mediterranean element. Within the available gene pool, special attention should be addressed to wild fruit tree species and those species which are relict, endemic, rare and endangered according to the IUCN categorization. The regulatory basis for conservation and directed utilization of forest genetic resources in Serbia can be found in the strategic and legal acts in the field of environmental protection, nature conservation and forestry. Previous activities in the conservation of forest genetic resources are insufficient, whereby the level of their endangerment is continuously increasing as a result of deforestation and climate change. This situation requires a clear definition of a national strategy of conservation and directed utilization of forest genetic resources in Serbia, as a basis for planning activities in this area based on best practices.

State of forest genetic resources in the world and in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
V. P. Tkach ◽  
S. A. Los ◽  
N. Yu. Vysotska ◽  
L. I. Tereshchenko ◽  
L. O. Torosova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Native Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources

The aim of the article is to generalize the information presented in the FAO report ‘The State of World Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and in the reports on the state of forest genetic resources in Ukraine and other countries. Results and Discussion. To draw up the World Report, the information was provided by 86 countries which occupy 76% of the earth's surface and involve 85% of the total forest area. The countries’ reports cover 8,000 species of trees, palm trees and bamboo, among which about 2,400 are economically important; at that, information at the genetic level is only available for 500 to 600 species. The vast majority of important for environmental protection species (84%) are indigenous, in contrast to those economically important, 85% of which are introduced species. About 50 indigenous and non-native species of forest trees are used in the forestry of Ukraine. 26 of them are given as high-priority ones. They are used to produce wood, pulp, fuel, non-timber products, as well as to create protective plantations. The total number of species and subspecies in the world that are preserved in situ is almost 1,000, with about 500 of them – in Asia and almost 200 in both Europe and Africa. In Ukraine, there are about 30 of such species. In cases where in situ conservation is problematic, alternative methods are used, namely ex situ. The total number of species that are conserved ex situ is 1,800; at that, 1,025 of them grow in Africa, 401 – in Europe, 389 – in Asia, 372 – in Latin America and the Caribbean, 265 – in North America, 102 – in the Middle East and 57 species – in Oceania. In Ukraine, they make a stock of the seeds of more than 130 tree and shrub species, including decorative ones. Man-made forests are created with more than 20 species of trees annually. Non-native species of woody plants in the forestry of Ukraine make 39%. Methodological approaches to the study of genetic variability involve analysis of biometric, morphological and biochemical characteristics, as well as DNA markers. They analyze genetic variation as in field studies in provenance trail and progeny tests, so in laboratory studies. Conclusions. The basic tasks for the forest genetic resources conservation is to develop and implement national in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for sustainable use of FGR, to strengthen the role which forests and protective stands play in the in situ FGR conservation, and to identify first-priority measures at the species level. FGR conservation strategies should contribute to both ecosystem restoration using appropriate genetic material and adaptation to climate change along with mitigating its impacts.

scholarly journals About management and research of forest genetic resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiit Maaten ◽  
Malle Kurm
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Provenance Trials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity ◽  
Management And Conservation

Metsageneetiliste ressursside majandamisest ja uurimisestConservation and management as well research on forest genetic resources are getting more important around the world including Europe and Estonia. There are two main cornerstones by the increasing relevance: international agreements and rapidly developed methods for investigation of genetic structure and diversity by different organisms, including forest trees. In light of given background an overview about recent developments as well historical overview about movements in the past will be given in this paper. This review focuses on (i) genetical aspects by different silvicultural systems (ii) history and results of provenance trials (iii) tree breeding theory and results (iiii)in situconservation of forest genetic resources (iiiii) development of methods for gene technology in the past and nowadays, including development of genetically modified trees (iiiiii) international processes influencing management and conservation of forest genetic resources.

scholarly journals Necesitatea aplicării cunoștințelor de genetică moleculară în gestionarea resurselor genetice forestiere din Republica Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2(21)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragos Postolache ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Knowledge ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Dynamic Conservation

Molecular genetics plays a crucial role in the assessment of forest genetic resources. Using recently acquired genetic knowledge based on molecular markers, can contribute significantly to the development of advanced strategies for in-situ dynamic conservation of forest genetic resources in the Republic of Moldova.

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