The rooting, survival and growth of woody species on tailing dumps in the limestone quarry “Lafarge ciment”

The rooting, the survival and dynamics of growths in the height and after the diameter of the seedlings, of a range of woody species, had investigated on the freshly formed sterile dump limestone quarry „Lafarge Ciment”. The seedlings of the woody species had a relatively good rooting (69-99%). A high degree of rooting can be ensured as a result of the maintenance of forest crops. After planting, the young seedlings must be cared for by hoeing as many times as necessary in order to control the weeds and maintain moisture in the soil, which increases the survival of the seedlings. Tree species have been characterized by a different growth rate. Acacia has showed a very rapid increase in height, but the black pine has been characterized by a slow growth. Acacia being a fast-growing species and unpretentious to the mineral elements in the soil can be used to afforest the limestone quarry land. In the fi rst year after planting, the young seedlings, otherwise sensitive to the action of the environmental factors, had an increase in height and in diameter slow and uneven. In the years that followed, the seedlings became more viable and less infl uenced by local and temporal fl uctuations of environmental factors.

Appreciation of tolerance at the impact of thermal stress on photosystem ii activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees of different ecological origin

Extreme weather events with high temperatures and strong sunlight have increased alarmingly in the last few decades, considerable affecting plant photosynthesis. In this study, the impact of thermal stress on photosystem II activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak trees (Quercus robur L.) of different ecological origin was assessed. Four days after the thermal shock application with a temperature of 50°C during 20, 40, 60 minutes, the processes of recovery on photosystem II activity in the leaves of the oak trees in the investigated provenances took place with different speed and fullness. The recovery of the functional state of photosystem II in the leaves of the trees showed that in the environmental conditions of the ,,Plaiul Fagului” reservation territory an advanced thermotolerance to the thermal stress action was specifi c for the origin from the north of the country (Edinet). The leaves of the trees of local and southern origin showed a low resistance to the thermal stress action. The advanced adaptation capacity, the high growth rate of the trees from the northern provenance suggest that the acorn harvested from the oaks of northern origin can be used for the works of extension of the afforestation areas in the central area of the Republic of Moldova.

Possibilities of using representatives of the genus Fuchsia L. from the collection of the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute) as outdoor ornamental plants in the Republic of Moldova

The article discusses the possibility of using representatives of the genus Fuchsia L. as outdoor ornamental plants, in summer, in container gardening. The main features of vegetative propagation of several species and hybrids of this genus have been identifi ed. The most promising ones have been identifi ed and evaluated.

Breeding way to create intensive varieties of Jerusalem artichoke (Topinambour) and Topinsa sunfl ower

The work substantiates the necessity for accelerated breeding of new intensive Topinambour (Jerusalem artichoke) and Topinsa sunfl ower cultivars endowed with permanent heterosis, suited to modern agriculture at continuous aridization of the European climate. Corresponding to the genetic algorithms of their creation and results of practical selection are adduced. Wild Helianthus spp. from the North American Gene Centre and topinsa sunfl ower can become genes’ donors for tuber ‘optimal cork layer’ synthesis.

Prunetum tenellae Soó 1951 Vincetosum herbaceae Pînzaru subass. nova (Prunion fruticosae R. Tx. 1952) in the cliff vegetation of the Republic of Moldova

This article presents the characterization of the phytocoenoses dominated by Amygdalus nana that occur in the cliff area of the Dniester river basin, Republic of Moldova, which have been grouped in a new sub-association – vincetosum hederaceae Pînzaru subass. nova, in the association Prunetum tenellae Soó 1951. This sub-association includes xerophilous, thermophilic, western-Pontic phytocoenoses, occurring on sandy clays or on rendzina soils, on the limestone hills of the Dniester river basin, at altitudes of 60-150 m. The fl oristic composition of these phytocoenoses is dominated by the Eurasian elements (50%), followed by the European (10%), the Pontic-Mediterranean (9,6%) and the Central European elements (5,2%). The subassociation Prunetum tenellae Soó 1951 vincetosum herbaceae Pînzaru is of high value in terms of biodiversity conservation and deserves to be included in the List of Protected Plant Associations of the Republic of Moldova

The results of the study on cultivars of Argyranthemum frutescens (L.) Sch. Bip. in the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute)

A new study on several cultivars of Argyranthemum frutescens (L.) Sch.Bip. has been conducted in the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute). In the process of research, the regenerative ability of plants was studied and the optimal techniques of propagation were established for the tested cultivars. When assessing the decorativeness, the length of the fl owering stage and the morphological characteristics of various cultivars of A. frutescens were recorded. Characteristics and suggested uses of 12 cultivars of A. frutescens are given below.

Development of evaluation of new selected vine varieties in the ecological conditions of the peripheral of the Central Codrii

The presented results refer to the study and evaluation of the development of the new selection varieties according to the ecological conditions of the periphery of the Central Codrii. The aim of the research was: highlighting the course of vegetation phases in the newly selected vine varieties, the newly created vine varieties were highlighted with different longevity of the vegetation period from budding to full maturation, which ranged from 132 days ('Aperen Roz') up to 195 days (‘Fetească albă’) and allows to extend the period of current consumption and industrial processing; studying the peculiarities of the growth of shoots and the development of vine leaves of new selection varieties; determination of the productive potential of the varieties of vines of new selection in the ecological conditions of the periphery of the Central Codrii, the productive potential of the last and new generation varieties, which was characterized by the average values at one log 4.05.1 kg for the apyrenic and 4 varieties, 6-4,7 kg per stem for the varieties 'Moldova', 'Fetească albă' and others. A special role in solving the problems of increasing the effi ciency of the wine complex and consolidating the national economy belongs to the category of wines with designation of origin by place of growth. Solving these problems is impossible without a competent assessment of the ecological and productive potential of each territory (micro-district, wine center and other areas), without developing new methods of effi cient use of natural resources, while maintaining the ecological balance and purity of the environment ambient.

Evaluation of the ecological precability regarding the apple and plum plantations in Olișcani location, Șoldănești district

The results presented refer to the ecological characteristics of apple and plum orchards in Olişcani, Șoldănești district (Republic of Moldova) in order to create agricultural systems – ecological and economic at zonal, microzonal level to maintain soil quality, environment and high productivity. The aim of the research was to examine the abiotic, biotic, favorability and productivity potential factors of the lands suitable for the cultivation of apple and plum fruit species. Apple and plum orchards have specifi c requirements for climate, relief, soil, etc. They have moderate light requirements: they prefer sunny surfaces, but can also grow in partial shade. The leaves and fruits need more light, which in this way acquires a more intense color. Temperatures for apple development are between 13 and 28°C. In hilly areas, with suffi cient humidity and poor heat, the slopes with southern and southwestern exposure are chosen a better quality of fruit, respectively a high sugar content. On the slopes, the middle third is preferred, avoiding the upper third with eroded soil and strong winds, as well as the lower third with excess air and water currents. In the area of hills with an altitude of 300–350 m, the plantations can be located on slopes with western, eastern or even northern exposure, preferably on the middle and lower third of the slope. In the dry steppe and forest-steppe areas, the slopes with north-western and north-eastern exposure are preferred, the orchards being located at their base or even on the valleys without cold currents. The complexity of the problems includes the research of the natural and real components of the agricultural environment in relation to the climate, relief, rock and soil factors for the foundation of fruit plantations with high productivity and the maintenance of the ecological stability.

Results of the inventory of the collection Allium L.

The paper analyzes the development of the plants of the genus Allium L. that are part of the collection of ornamental bulbous plants of “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute). This collection has been inventoried and the most promising species for use in landscaping have been recommended.