scholarly journals Martin Luther: music and mission

Holiness ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-256
Author(s):  
John Swarbrick
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Radical Reformation ◽  
Liturgical Reform ◽  
Congregational Singing ◽  
Ein Feste Burg ◽  
Musical Canon ◽  
Reformed Worship

AbstractThis article seeks to demonstrate Martin Luther's often-overlooked credentials as a musician. Luther was convinced that music was the viva voce evangelii (living voice of the gospel), and unlike other more radical Reformation movements, he encouraged the use of choral and congregational singing in worship. Some of his familiar hymns – Nun freut euch, Ein’ feste Burg and Aus tiefer Not – offer insights into his ambitions to embed congregational singing into his vision of reformed worship, which went hand in hand with liturgical reform. Luther's Formula Missae and the vernacular Deutsche Messe lay the groundwork for Lutheran worship, which restructured the service around the centrality of the gospel proclamation. Luther's musical tradition reached its zenith in the work of J. S. Bach, which continues to echo in the Western musical canon, leaving Luther with a lasting musical legacy.

‘Mountains Moved into the Sea’: The Western Reception of Psalm 46:1 and 3 [45:1 and 3 LXX] From the Septuagint to Luther

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-545
Author(s):  
Andrew T Abernethy
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Early Church ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Nicholas Of Lyra ◽  
Ein Feste Burg ◽  
Allegorical Interpretation ◽  
Working Out

Abstract When Martin Luther wrote his famous hymn Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott in the 1520s, it was uncommon to understand Ps. 46:1–3 [45:1–3 LXX] as a celebration of the peace available to those taking refuge in God amidst raging hostility—as the earth shook and mountains moved into the heart of the sea. Instead, for over a millennium, Augustine’s allegorical interpretation of verse 3 held sway. These verses contained ‘hidden’ truths made known when Christ came, so the shaking earth was the Jews, the mountains were Christ and his apostles, and the sea was the Gentiles in 46:3. According to Augustine, then, 46:1–3 celebrates God’s being a refuge amidst the working out of his plan to redeem the Gentiles through the mission of Christ and his apostles. This essay recounts the reception of 46:1–3 from the Septuagint to the time of Luther in a way that demonstrates the influence of the Septuagint’s translation of the superscription (verse 1), the dominance of Augustine’s allegorical interpretation of 46:1–3 for over a millennium, and how Luther’s growing appreciation of the historical sense shifts his interpretation of 46:1–3 away from Augustine to align with most interpreters in the early church and Nicholas of Lyra.

scholarly journals Songwriting and Chorale by Martin Luther

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Karol Medňanský
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Johann Sebastian Bach ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Musical Activity ◽  
Vocal Works ◽  
Ein Feste Burg

Abstract The five hundreth anniversary that we commemorated in 2017 is a good opportunity to remind the significance of vocal works by Martin Luther. Creative musical activity of Dr. Martin Luther is somehow in the shadow of his other historically significant activities. It is a well-known fact that he was an outstanding musician who could play lute and could sing. In his household, he constantly played music and sang, while he actively engaged his family in performing music. In performing the reformatory ideas, he was aware of the extremely important role of religious singing, which he started composing since 1523. He is the author of 38 songs – chorales, while at the same time, he is the author of 20 melodies. In most cases, he used the texts of the Psalms. From his chorals the best known is entitled Ein feste Burg is unser Gott – The Fortified Castle is the Lord our God, that became worldwide the anthem of the Protestants. Luther have become an important inspirational source for the next generation of composers, and they culminated in the work of Johann Sebastian Bach, including the works of contemporary Slovak composers – Roman Berger, Víťazoslav Kubička. The prevailing majority of Lutheran chorales is also the part of the Protestant Songbook in Slovakia.

scholarly journals 1. Period Influence on the Work of Johann Sebastian Bach

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Karol Medňanský
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Johann Sebastian Bach ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Family Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Educational Principle

AbstractThe work of Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 - 1750), significantly influences the work of the contemporary composers even almost 270 years after his death. It is undoubtedly caused also by the fact that by his work Bach impersonates contemporary musical tradition. There are the three most significant areas in his work – the influence of family tradition on his work, which we can observe throughout the Thuringia, where they have had a significant musical position for 200 years in all the areas of music – secular, urban, spiritual and ecclesiastical. The tradition of German music is not less important. It influenced Johann Sebastian Bach during his studies and was based directly on the essence of protestant educational principle. Filip Melanchton, the most significant collaborator and a friend of Martin Luther, was contributory in the reform of this principle. The most important is the influence of Luther’s Reformation on the spiritual world of J. S. Bach, which reached such dimensions that he unites theology and music. Under the influence of the aforementioned three areas, the work of Bach has acquired exceptional artistic and spiritual quality, a unique phenomenon in the history of music.

Religious Pacifism

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
Anna L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Just War ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Problem ◽  
Means And Ends ◽  
Radical Reformation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Martin Luther King ◽  
Morality Of War

This chapter argues that pacifism is not merely an applied ethic—a narrow approach to the particular moral problem of war—but rather a comprehensive ethical theory. The same is true of just war theory, the other main approach to the morality of war. The chapter looks at several pacifist traditions, beginning with the Radical Reformation or Anabaptist stream within Christianity. It also explores the pacifist thought of Martin Luther King Jr., who emphasized the relationship between means and ends, a theme that is also central to the thought of Mohandas K. Gandhi. Gandhi insisted that practices are not just tools for achieving predetermined goals, however, but shape the ways we conceive of those ends and of the possibilities and obstacles we face in achieving them. This offers a novel way of conceiving not just of means and ends but of ethics generally, in which practices are central from start to finish

scholarly journals The Bohemian Brethren and the Protestant Reformation

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Craig Atwood
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Religious Toleration ◽  
Church Discipline ◽  
Reformed Tradition ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
Radical Reformation ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ecumenical Theology

The smallest, but in some ways the most influential, church to emerge from the Hussite Reformation was the Unity of the Brethren founded by Gregory the Patriarch in 1457. The Unity was a voluntary church that separated entirely from the established churches, and chose its own priests, published the first Protestant hymnal and catechism, and operated several schools. Soon after Martin Luther broke with Rome, the Brethren established cordial relations with Wittenberg and introduced their irenic and ecumenical theology to the Protestant Reformation. Over time, they gravitated more toward the Reformed tradition, and influenced Martin Bucer’s views on confirmation, church discipline, and the Eucharist. In many ways, the pacifist Brethren offered a middle way between the Magisterial Reformation and the Radical Reformation. Study of the Brethren complicates and enhances our understanding of the Protestant Reformation and the rise of religious toleration in Europe.

Why do Lutherans Sing? Lutherans, Music, and the Gospel in the First Century of the Reformation

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Andreas Loewe
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
First Century ◽  
Community Cohesion ◽  
Lutheran Education ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Reformation

Martin Luther regarded music as a crucial instrument to communicate the Gospel and the Reformation message. From the outset of his Reformation, a distinctive Lutheran musical tradition was fostered in electoral Saxony, its dependent territories and neighboring principalities. A review of contemporary records from the second decade of the sixteenth century to the turn of the seventeenth century enables the assessment of the role music played as an educational and theological tool in the life of Lutheran communities: the School Ordinances of electoral Saxony and neighboring principalities show the incorporation of music as a key curricular requirement in Lutheran education, while the Statutes of Lutheran choirs [Kantoreien] illustrate how theologians, educators and musicians closely worked together to shape Lutheran communities centred on music-making, in order to reform worship, further the Reformation message and to create community cohesion.

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PADUA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Andreas ◽  
Madlen Baumgarten ◽  
Claudia Ringelhan ◽  
Gertrud Ayerle
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther

Zusammenfassung. Im Rahmen eines studentischen Forschungsprojektes an der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle/Wittenberg stellen sich die Autorinnen die Frage, wie sich die Bewerberauswahl an Pflegeschulen vor dem Hintergrund des Mangels geeigneter Bewerber/innen gestaltet und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Ausbildung hat. Die Ergebnisse der Experteninterviews zeigten, dass die Bewerberlage für die Ausbildung der Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger/innen vor allem in qualitativer Hinsicht ernst erscheint.

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