Pentingnya Disiplin Gereja bagi Seorang Pejabat Gereja dalam Sebuah Pelayanan

At this time, we often encounter many church officials who do not carry out their duties properly in a church service that the congregation has untrusted to them. In this paper I will present some reflections on the life of a church official who does not discipline himself in a church service. According to some people think that, discipline in the church is a major omission in some churches today where a leader is afraid to discipline the church to members of the congregation either to a church official, because it is considered contrary to the “love of God” which can cause division in a fellowship with in the church discipline in a congregatin & church, can cause the loss of church members who are affected from outside. Mean while, the major misunderstandings that occur in the church occur due to differences of opinion regarding the meaning, purpose, and nature of church discipline. Many see church discipline as a curse and presentation to a church official or to members of the congregation rather than to be seen as healing love. The purpose of writing this paper is to explain the correct understanding of the importance of church discipline for a church official in a church ministry today

„super hiis inquiratis diligenter rei veritatem”

The paper discusses a special aspect of the papal-Hungarian relations, namely the operation of the delegated jurisdiction in the second half of the 13th century, from the Mongol invasion of 1241–42 to the death of the last Árpádian king, Andrew III in 1301. The focus of the study is on the cases, in which the judges-delegate appointed by the pontiffs had to face questions of ecclesiastical hierarchy or church-discipline. It is to be determined, when (and partially: why) members of the Hungarian Church turned to the Holy See to make use of the delegation of papal judges. Furthermore, it is to be examined, what was the effect of the authorizations, and if so, under which circumstances did the popes want to intervene in Hungarian matters by using one of their universal tool to shape the regions of Western Christianity, their delegated jurisdiction. The issue of the Bosnian bishopric, the quarrel over the borders between the dioceses of Kalocsa and Pécs, or the allegations and the procedure against Bishop Job of Pécs are all helping to fi nd answers to those questions.

CHURCH DISCIPLINE IN THE PSKOV EPARCHY IN THE XIX-XX CENTURIES. ANALYSIS OF THE SOURCE BASE

Despite the large volume of archival materials on church discipline in Russia of the XIX – early XX centuries, this topic has been studied rather poorly. This article analyzes the source base on the church discipline in the Pskov diocese based on the materials of the State Archive of the Pskov region. During the study of these sources, a count of specific violations of the church discipline among the laity, church officers and the clergy was made, and the main categories of offenses were identified. The main types of punishments for violating church discipline are shown. The gender composition of laypeople in the structure of offenses is considered. The structure of the titles of archival cases concerning violations of the church discipline is also addressed. The author came to the conclusion that clerics were punished mainly for drunkenness and official misconduct. In relation to the laity, the Pskov Spiritual Consistory most often considered cases related to the violations of sexual morality and illegal marriages, as well as murders and suicide attempts. This work is relevant because at present the Russian Orthodox Church is continuing to create unified documentation regulating the issues of the church court. This study, in turn, allows us to update the historical experience of regulating the church discipline and assigning punishments for its violation. The uniqueness of this work lies in the fact that the materials on the church discipline of the Pskov diocese of the XIX – early XX centuries have been analyzed for the first time, and the data obtained were introduced into scientific circulation.

Patriarchy and ‘Useful Women’ in Wesleyan Methodism, 1810–1851

A patriarchal culture, reinforced by church discipline, has been ascribed to Wesleyan Methodism in the first half of the nineteenth century. This article returns to the same archives, Hinde Street Church in London, to present a more nuanced view of Methodist discipline. There were women who held influential positions in Methodist chapels, and they resisted ministerial authority with the support of male as well as female members. During this period, the Church was increasingly focused on maintaining a supportive community, with signifiers of status other than gender, such as perceived ‘usefulness’ in the church community.

The Bohemian Brethren and the Protestant Reformation

The smallest, but in some ways the most influential, church to emerge from the Hussite Reformation was the Unity of the Brethren founded by Gregory the Patriarch in 1457. The Unity was a voluntary church that separated entirely from the established churches, and chose its own priests, published the first Protestant hymnal and catechism, and operated several schools. Soon after Martin Luther broke with Rome, the Brethren established cordial relations with Wittenberg and introduced their irenic and ecumenical theology to the Protestant Reformation. Over time, they gravitated more toward the Reformed tradition, and influenced Martin Bucer’s views on confirmation, church discipline, and the Eucharist. In many ways, the pacifist Brethren offered a middle way between the Magisterial Reformation and the Radical Reformation. Study of the Brethren complicates and enhances our understanding of the Protestant Reformation and the rise of religious toleration in Europe.

Kerkbegrip en kerkorde

Church concept and church order: a comparative study between the four Afrikaans reformed churches in South AfricaThis article is about the church concept and church order as formulated by churches of Reformed offspring, especially since the Reformation. To be more specific: since the day when Martin Luther voiced his disgust in the church of his days in public on 10 December 1520. Church concept and church order is a Scriptural debate because both follows from a Christological ecclesiology.The second part of the article compares the church orders of the churches in South Africa with themes typically inherent to church orders of Reformed standing. This includes themes like the offices of the church, church discipline, as well as matters related to being anti-hierarchical and anti-independentistic with reference to the Reformed churches.