scholarly journals Attempts at the development of a recombinant African swine fever virus strain with abrogated EP402R, 9GL, and A238L gene structure using the CRISPR/Cas9 system

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Woźniakowski ◽  
Natalia Mazur-Panasiuk ◽  
Marek Walczak ◽  
Małgorzata Juszkiewicz ◽  
Maciej Frant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Established Cell Lines ◽  
Established Cell

AbstractIntroductionAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a pressing economic problem in a number of Eastern European countries. It has also depleted the Chinese sow population by 50%. Managing the disease relies on culling infected pigs or hunting wild boars as sanitary zone creation. The constraints on the development of an efficient vaccine are mainly the virus’ mechanisms of host immune response evasion. The study aimed to adapt a field ASFV strain to established cell lines and to construct recombinant African swine fever virus (ASFV) strain.Material and MethodsThe host immune response modulation genes A238L, EP402R, and 9GL were deleted using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/caspase 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) mutagenesis system. A representative virus isolate (Pol18/28298/Out111) from Poland was isolated in porcine primary pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PPAM) cells. Adaptation of the virus to a few established cell lines was attempted. The plasmids encoding CRISPR/Cas9 genes along with gRNA complementary to the target sequences were designed, synthesised, and transfected into ASFV-infected PPAM cells.ResultsThe reconstituted virus showed similar kinetics of replication in comparison to the parent virus isolate.ConclusionTaking into account the usefulness of the developed CRISPR/Cas9 system it has been shown that modification of the A238L, EP402R, and 9GL genes might occur with low frequency, resulting in difficulties in separation of various virus populations.

Evolution of African swine fever virus genes related to evasion of host immune response

2016 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Frączyk ◽  
Grzegorz Woźniakowski ◽  
Andrzej Kowalczyk ◽  
Łukasz Bocian ◽  
Edyta Kozak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Fever Virus

scholarly journals Association of the Host Immune Response with Protection Using a Live Attenuated African Swine Fever Virus Model

Viruses ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolene Carlson ◽  
Vivian O’Donnell ◽  
Marialexia Alfano ◽  
Lauro Velazquez Salinas ◽  
Lauren Holinka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virus Model

scholarly journals Deletion of virulence associated genes from attenuated African swine fever virus isolate OUR T88/3 decreases its ability to protect against challenge with virulent virus

Virology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 443 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Abrams ◽  
Lynnette Goatley ◽  
Emma Fishbourne ◽  
David Chapman ◽  
Lyndsay Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virulent Virus

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF MODERATELY VIRULENT AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS ON INTERLEUKIN-10 PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Pershin ◽  
I. V. Shevchenko ◽  
A. S. Igolkin ◽  
Ye. V. Aronova ◽  
N. N. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Virulent Virus ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
Highly Virulent

A characteristic feature of African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the ability to escape from host immune response, affecting macrophages and replicating in them. Besides, ASFV - specific antibodies do not completely neutralize the virus. Cytokines are important factors for various viral infection pathologies. The virulence of ASFV isolates may depend on the capacity to regulate cytokine expression by macrophages. Thus, when comparing in vitro and in vivo cytokine production by macrophages, it was established that infection with low virulent virus isolates leads to an immune response with a predominance of cytokines involved in cellular immunity, such as INF-α and IL-12p40, as compared with infection with highly virulent isolates. The aim of this paper was to study the effect of African swine fever virus on the production of IL-10, a pleiotropic cytokine that inhibits synthesis of cytokines and shows a strong antiinflammatory effect. For this, 12 piglets were experimentally infected intramuscularly with a continuous cell culture-adapted ASFV isolate Vero25 at a dose of 10 HAdU per animal followed by control infection of surviving animals with the reference virus isolate Arm 07 at a dose of 1,000 HAdU per animal. Temperature measurements were taken and blood sampling to obtain serum was conducted during the experiment. IL-10 amount in blood sera was determined using Invitrogen test systems (Thermo Fisher, USA). A higher IL-10 level (15.8–173 pg/ml) was observed in blood sera of dead animals infected with a moderately virulent virus, as compared with surviving pigs (4–5 pg/ml). No correlation between the speed of appearance of specific antibodies and IL-10 serum levels has been established. No noticeable effect of the IL-10 serum level prior to infection on the survival rate of animals has been observed. Further studies are needed to establish a causal relationship, including study of the expression of various cytokines during infection with both low- and highly virulent virus isolates.

scholarly journals Regulation and Evasion of Host Immune Response by African Swine Fever Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wu ◽  
Bincai Yang ◽  
Xu Yuan ◽  
Jinxuan Hong ◽  
Min Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Dna Virus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Different Levels

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute lethal hemorrhagic viral disease in domestic pigs and wild boars; is widely epidemic in Africa, Europe, Asia, and Latin America; and poses a huge threat to the pig industry worldwide. ASF is caused by the infection of the ASF virus (ASFV), a cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Asfarviridae family. Here, we review how the virus regulates the host immune response and its mechanisms at different levels, including interferon modulation, inflammation, apoptosis, antigen presentation, and cellular immunity.

scholarly journals The African swine fever virus isolate Belgium 2018/1 shows high virulence in European wild boar

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1654-1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Pikalo ◽  
Marie‐Eve Schoder ◽  
Julia Sehl ◽  
Angele Breithaupt ◽  
Maryléne Tignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
European Wild Boar ◽  
High Virulence

scholarly journals African Swine Fever Virus Isolate, Georgia, 2007

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1870-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Rowlands ◽  
Vincent Michaud ◽  
Livio Heath ◽  
Geoff Hutchings ◽  
Chris Oura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus

scholarly journals Genetically edited pigs lacking CD163 show no resistance following infection with the African swine fever virus isolate, Georgia 2007/1

Virology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Popescu ◽  
Natasha N. Gaudreault ◽  
Kristen M. Whitworth ◽  
Maria V. Murgia ◽  
Jerome C. Nietfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus

scholarly journals Blood Counts, Biochemical Parameters, Inflammatory, and Immune Responses in Pigs Infected Experimentally with the African Swine Fever Virus Isolate Pol18_28298_O111

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Marek Walczak ◽  
Magdalena Wasiak ◽  
Katarzyna Dudek ◽  
Anna Kycko ◽  
Ewelina Szacawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Different Doses

This study aimed to indicate the influence of infection caused by genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV)–isolate Pol18_28298_O111, currently circulating in Poland, on blood counts, biochemical parameters, as well as inflammatory and immune responses. Blood and sera collected from 21 domestic pigs infected intranasally with different doses of virulent ASFV were analysed. The infection led to variable changes in blood counts depending on the stage of the disease with a tendency towards leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and microscopic lesions in organs confirmed the development of the inflammation process, which also resulted in an increased level of biochemical markers such as: Aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatinine, and urea. Antibodies could be detected from 9 to 18 days post infection (dpi). Two survivors presented the highest titer of antibodies (>5 log10/mL) with a simultaneous increase in the lymphocyte T (CD3+) percentage–revealed by flow cytometry. Results confirmed a progressive inflammatory process occurring during the ASFV infection, which may lead to multiple organs failure and death of the majority of affected animals.

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