scholarly journals Study Regarding the Effects of Demographic Transition on Labor Market and Public Pension System in Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-170
Author(s):  
Balteş Nicolae ◽  
Jimon Ştefania Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Public Pension ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Pension Systems

AbstractPopulation and the quality of labor force are the “strengths” features’ that ensure socio-economic development of a country. The last decades can be characterized as a transitional period, in which countries of European Union and especially the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are facing a demographic decline. Reduced birth rate, ageing and migration are factors’ which create a lot of pressure, both on labor market and public pension systems, items correlated with the population structure. In this paper we have presented the demographic situation and the size of migration in five countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The direct linkage between population structure, labor market and public pension systems represents, in transitional context, a threat to budget sustainability, especially in Romania. We consider that the reformation has to be adjusted with the new socio-economic conditions, finding new solutions for increasing birth rate, decreasing the “exodus” of young population and stimulating economic activities.

scholarly journals Population and Labor Dynamics in Large Informal Markets: Implications for Pension Systems with Evidence from Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-186
Author(s):  
Margarita Velín-Fárez
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Labor Market Dynamics ◽  
Labor Dynamics

This paper reviews Ecuador’s population structure and labor market dynamics with a focus on the causes of inequality, particularly among older adults receiving contributory pensions. This serves as a basis for characterizing the main restrictions that the Ecuadorian pension system must address. This analysis is valuable for three key reasons. First, the population structure of many less developed countries is converging toward that of developed countries, with older age groups increasing in proportion. Second, Ecuador is among the countries in Latin America and the Caribbean with the highest degree of informality in the labor market, which lowers the coverage of contributory pension schemes. Third, regarding gender inequality, the rate of women’s labor participation in 2010 was among the lowest in South America. The findings suggest that a younger population structure will not be the main solution to financial problems and the pension inadequacy that are facing most pension systems worldwide. Improvements in labor market institutions are required to increase the pension system’s insurance. The study concludes by discussing several proposals aimed at increasing pension coverage and reducing inequality.

Die Finanzierungslücke der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung in Deutschland – Eine Simulationsstudie zu Lösungsmöglichkeiten

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Bollacke
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Public Pension ◽  
Demographic Factor ◽  
Public Pensions ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Public Pension System ◽  
Reform Processes

AbstractPopulation aging challenges pay-as-you-go pension systems. Solving the associated funding problem constantly motivates reform processes. In addition to an aging population, specific regulations of the German public pension system lead to an increasing financial burden of national finances. To ensure sustainable funding of pensions, the calculation formula of the German public pension system will be investigated in this paper. It will be shown, that there are two alterable parameters, which are not optimally used regarding the funding of public pensions. Simulations show that a variable demographic factor to calculate public pensions can reduce the financial burden of national finances.

A Crisis of Longer Life: Reforming Pension Systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Daykin ◽  
D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
The World

ABSTRACTSocial security pension schemes around the world are facing a number of problems, of which demographic ageing is the most commonly discussed. This paper provides an overview of expected future demographic developments in European Union and some other OECD countries, and evaluates some of the range of solutions which have been, or are being, considered to address this and other problems facing social security in the late 1990s, drawing on examples from OECD countries, from Latin America and from central and eastern Europe. Consideration is given to the possibilities for increasing the level of funding in social security pension schemes or developing funded complementary pension schemes.

scholarly journals THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LABOR MARKET AND FEMALE LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeta Jaba ◽  
Christiana Sandu ◽  
Aurelian Plopeanu ◽  
Ioan Robu ◽  
Marinela Istrate
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Female Labor

In this paper we analyze the characteristics of labor markets and female labor force in the countries from Central and Eastern Europe in order to verify the existence of significant differences in female labor participation rate among the countries that experienced the same political and economic system before 1990. The paper seeks to address the following specific objectives: 1) to identify the variables which are strongly correlated with female labor force participation, objective met using correlation analysis; 2) to define clusters of countries based on the determinants of female participation on the labor market, identified previously, using hierarchical cluster method; 3) to verify if the female labor force participation rate differs significantly among the identified clusters by applying the analysis of variance. The results of this study highlight that, in Central and Eastern Europe, we can identify four clusters of countries that share common characteristics of female labor market and female labor force. The analysis of the variation in female labor force participation rate emphasizes different patterns according to identified groups of countries.

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