scholarly journals Is polychaete diversity in the deep sublittoral of an Antarctic fiord related to habitat complexity?

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
South Shetlands ◽  
High Species Richness

Is polychaete diversity in the deep sublittoral of an Antarctic fiord related to habitat complexity?Seventy-six species of Polychaeta were found in 19 quantitative samples collected in the deep sublittoral (200-500 m) of Admiralty Bay (South Shetlands). Three assemblages were distinguished by similarity analysis (clustering, nMDS). The soft bottom in depths from 200 to 300m was strongly dominated byMaldane sarsi antarcticaand had very low species richness and diversity. The second assemblage was distinguished in the areas of the sea floor in the same depth range but with aggregations of Ascidiacea and Bryozoa. It was again characterized by high abundance ofMaldane sarsi antarctica, but showed significantly higher species richness and diversity. Diversity of polychaete feeding guilds was also high in these areas. This pattern was probably associated with an increased habitat complexity due to the presence of dense aggregations of large suspension feeders. High species richness and diversity was also noted in the third assemblage, associated with the deepest sublittoral (400-500 m) of Admiralty Bay. This is the area characterized by very stable environmental conditions, where the assemblage was dominated byTharyx cincinnatus, Sternaspissp.,Maldane sarsi antarctica, andAsychis amphiglypta.

scholarly journals Biodiversity hanging by a thread: the importance of fungal litter-trapping systems in tropical rainforests

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake L. Snaddon ◽  
Edgar C. Turner ◽  
Tom M. Fayle ◽  
Chey V. Khen ◽  
Paul Eggleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Experimental Removal ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Vital Resource

The exceptionally high species richness of arthropods in tropical rainforests hinges on the complexity of the forest itself: that is, on features such as the high plant diversity, the layered nature of the canopy and the abundance and the diversity of epiphytes and litter. We here report on one important, but almost completely neglected, piece of this complex jigsaw—the intricate network of rhizomorph-forming fungi that ramify through the vegetation of the lower canopy and intercept falling leaf litter. We show that this litter-trapping network is abundant and intercepts substantial amounts of litter (257.3 kg ha −1 ): this exceeds the amount of material recorded in any other rainforest litter-trapping system. Experimental removal of this fungal network resulted in a dramatic reduction in both the abundance (decreased by 70.2 ± 4.1%) and morphospecies richness (decreased by 57.4 ± 5.1%) of arthropods. Since the lower canopy levels can contain the highest densities of arthropods, the proportion of the rainforest fauna dependent on the fungal networks is likely to be substantial. Fungal litter-trapping systems are therefore a crucial component of habitat complexity, providing a vital resource that contributes significantly to rainforest biodiversity.

Seasonality in a taxocoenosis of molluscs from soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Rueda ◽  
Manuel Fernández-Casado ◽  
Carmen Salas ◽  
Serge Gofas
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Soft Bottoms ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Bay Of Cadiz ◽  
Bay Of Cádiz ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The macrofauna of molluscs associated with soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain) was studied monthly from February 1994 to January 1996. The number of species (63) is high for a soft bottom and is related to environmental characteristics (growth of macrophytes) and the biogeographical setting of the studied area. Corbula gibba (∼90%) was the dominant species in this taxocoenosis together with the gastropod Nassarius pygmaeus and the bivalves Pandora inaequivalvis, Parvicardium exiguum and Macoma melo. The most frequent species during the two years was also the bivalve Corbula gibba (100%) followed by the gastropods Nassarius pygmaeus, Tricolia tenuis, Rissoa membranacea and the bivalve Macoma melo. Total abundance of the taxocoenosis in both years reached higher values in spring. The dynamics of the ecological indices such as diversity or evenness, and the species richness showed a similar pattern in both years, with low values of diversity and evenness together with high species richness in spring and summer months and the reverse in autumn and winter. The qualitative correspondence analysis of monthly samples shows an ordination related to seasonality in both studied years, however the values of Jaccard's coefficient do not indicate significant boundaries among the monthly samples. The quantitative correspondence analysis shows an ordination and grouping of samples related to the biology of species, particularly with the recruitment of C. gibba, the dominant species. The existence of similar trends in the structure of the taxocoenoses over both years, and the seasonality highlighted by the qualitative correspondence analysis, seems to indicate a certain stability of the ecosystem.

scholarly journals The fish fauna of streams in the Madeira-Purus interfluvial region, Brazilian Amazon

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela de França Barros ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
Fernando Pereira De Mendonça ◽  
Helder Mateus Viana Espírito Santo ◽  
André Vieira Galuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Taxonomic Group ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
High Species Richness

Small headwaters streams of the Neotropical region usually have high species richness and diversity. This study aimed to investigate the species composition and abundance of fish fauna in the headwaters streams of the Madeira-Purus interfluvial plain in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 22 streams of 1st to 3rd order were sampled during two expeditions at two separate locations in April-May and July of 2007. A total of 5508 fishes were captured using hand and small seine nets, belonging to 78 species, 22 families and six orders. Characiformes was the most diverse taxonomic group in the samples, followed by Gymnotiformes and Siluriformes. Our findings indicate that the fish fauna of streams in the Madeira- Purus interfluvial plain is both rich and diverse and should be considered during the implementation of strengthened environmental conservation strategies in this region. 

scholarly journals Low abundance and high species richness: the structure of the soft-bottom isopod fauna of a West Antarctic glacial fjord

Polar Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2187-2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński ◽  
Magdalena Błażewicz
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
High Species Richness

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of isopod fauna associated with holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay, Antarctic

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński ◽  
Magdalena Błażewicz-Paszkowycz
Keyword(s):  
Brown Alga ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Admiralty Bay

Abstract Fifteen species of isopods, representing 10 families, were recorded on holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius. Material was collected in the 15–75 m depth range during the austral summer of 1979/80. The isopod community was dominated by Caecognathia antarctica (mean density 12.4 ± 13.1 ind./100 ml) followed by Cymodocella tubicauda (mean density 0.7 ± 2.1 ind./100 ml). Mean total density of isopods reached the value of 16.1 ± 14.0 ind./100 ml. The comparison with the other studies showed that holdfasts are inhabited by a distinctive isopod community that differs from the isopod fauna associated with soft bottom of Admiralty Bay.

scholarly journals AVIFAUNA DO SOLO SAGRADO DO GUARAPIRANGA (SÃO PAULO, BRASIL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 698-709
Author(s):  
Fernando Igor de Godoy ◽  
◽  
Cristiane Espinosa Bolochio ◽  
Maria Socorro Silva Pereira Lippi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Basic Studies

AVIFAUNA OF THE SACRED SOIL OF GUARAPIRANGA (SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL): The avifauna of São Paulo, the largest Brazilian city, is one of the most studied in Brazil. However, some areas are lacking basic studies on the avifauna, including those under intense pressure from urban growth and deforestation. Here we present a list of bird species occurring in the Solo Sagrado do Guarapiranga (23°45’00”S, 46°44’00”W), an urban park in southern São Paulo. We carried out monthly bird surveys from July 2008 to June 2009, using transect method. After 250 hours of observations, we recorded 180 species, including 31 species endemics to Atlantic Forest and two species that are globally threatened. The insectivorous, omnivorous and frugivorous species were the most represented feeding guilds, with 70, 39 and 21 species, respectively. Occasional and rare species composed the community majority. The high species richness and the presence of threatened species indicate the importance of the area to the bird’s conservation in the largest Brazilian city.

scholarly journals Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard)

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kędra ◽  
Sławomira Gromisz ◽  
Radomir Jaskuła ◽  
Joanna Legeżyńska ◽  
Barbara Maciejewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Species List ◽  
Biodiversity Inventory ◽  
Arctic Fjord ◽  
Large Material

Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard) Hornsund, an Arctic fjord in the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard), was selected as All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) site under EU 5th Framework Concerted Action BIOMARE (2000-2002), especially due to its pristine, undisturbed natural character. On the base of large material (89 stations located throughout the fjord and 129 Van Veen grab samples) collected during cruises of RV Oceania in July in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 and literature search a comprehensive list of species recorded within Hornsund area, on the soft bottom with depth range of 30-250 m is provided. Over 220 species were identified including 93 species of Polychaeta, 62 species of Mollusca and 58 species of Crustacea. Species list is supported by information on the zoogeographical status, body length and biological traits of dominant species. Need for further research on Hornsund soft bottom fauna with more sampling effort is highlighted.

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