scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling and Optimization of the Compressive Strength, Hardness and Density of a Periwinkle-Palm Kernel and Phenolic Resin Composite Brake Pad

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
B. Dan-asabe ◽  
A. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Modelling And Optimization

scholarly journals Effect of cane wood and palm kernel fibre filler on the compressive strength and density of automobile brake pad

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781402094761
Author(s):  
EN Obika ◽  
CH Achebe ◽  
JL Chukwuneke ◽  
ON Ezenwa
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Fibre Filler ◽  
Lack Of Fit ◽  
Wood Content ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Experimental Runs

The study on the effect of cane wood and palm kernel as filler materials on the compressive strength and density of an automobile brake pad has been done. The Central Composite Design tool of the Design Expert 8 software was used to design percentage composition of the test samples for 20 experimental runs. To ascertain how well the factors fit in the design, the lack of fit test was performed. The analysis of variance shows that the developed models are significant and quadratic, showing that both materials affect the responses. On optimization, optimal compressive strength and density of 107.3 MPa and 1.73 g/cm3 were obtained for the composition of 30% resin content, 21.329% palm kernel fibre content and 40% cane wood content. Thus, the combination of cane wood and palm kernel fibre as filler material for brake pad production will give an automobile brake pad with good compressive strength and density.

Production of Asbestos-free Brake Pad Using Groundnut Shell as Filler Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Solomon ◽  
M. T. Lilly ◽  
J. I. Sodiki
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
The Cost

The development and evaluation of brake pads using groundnut shell (GS) particles as substitute material for asbestos were carried out in this study. This was with a view to harnessing the properties of GS, which is largely deposited as waste, and in replacing asbestos which is carcinogenic in nature despite its good tribological and mechanical properties. Two sets of composite material were developed using varying particle sizes of GS as filler material, with phenolic resin as binder with percentage compositions of 45% and 50% respectively. Results obtained indicate that the compressive strength and density increase as the sieve size of the filler material decreases, while water and oil absorption rates increase with an increase in sieve size of GS particle. This study also indicates that the cost of producing brake pad can be reduced by 19.14 percent if GS is use as filler material in producing brake pad. The results when compared with those of asbestos and industrial waste showed that GS particle can be used as an effective replacement for asbestos in producing automobile brake pad. Unlike asbestos, GS-based brake pads are environmental friendly, biodegradable and cost effective.

A polyvinyl alcohol/p-sulfonate phenolic resin composite proton conducting membrane

2006 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 1204-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Shun Wu ◽  
Fan-Yen Lin ◽  
Chih-Yuan Chen ◽  
Peter P. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Proton Conducting Membrane

Strength and Consolidation Mechanism of Green Pellets Containing Carbon

2011 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Fei Wei ◽  
Jia Xin Li ◽  
Guang Wu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Capillary Force ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Viscous Force ◽  
Chemical Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Green Pellet ◽  
Pellet Strength ◽  
Better Than

The effects of four inorganic binders and four organic binders on strength of green pellet containing carbon were studied. The results show that phenolic resin is the best binder, compressive strength and drop strength of preheated pellet are 312.5 N and 15.1 times, respectively, when the matching was 2%. The reason is that chemical adsorption effect occurs in pellet. Strength of wet pellet is mainly maintained by capillary force. However, preheated pellet is mainly maintained by chemical adsorption effect and viscous force. Chemical adsorption effect is better than viscous force.

Effects of Loading Percentage of Polyurethane in Lightweight Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1082-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamarul Aini Mohd Sari ◽  
Sohif Mat ◽  
Khairiah Haji Badri ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate

An experimental program was performed to obtain the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity of palm-based lightweight concrete. Palm-based polyurethane (PU) particles were used as lightweight aggregates in creating concrete systems. Concrete systems contain palm kernel oil-based polyol (PKO-p) reacted with 2,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). In this study, polymer concrete was improved to achieve the optimum level of PU with the lowest possible density. The PU particles in the concrete mixture comprised of 1% to 5% w/w with density of less than 1800 kg/m3. The PU particles were 5 mm in size. The ratio of PKO-p to MDI was set at 1:1 and the loading of the concrete mixture was set at 3% w/w to produce lightweight concrete. The resulting concrete has excellent compressive strength (17.5 MPa) and thermal conductivity (0.24 W/mK). Results show that the PU particle dosage has the most significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Cement Ratios on Compressive Strength of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O Adeyemi ◽  
M.A Anifowose ◽  
I.O Amototo ◽  
S.A Adebara ◽  
M.Y Olawuyi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

This study examined the effect of varying water cement ratio on the compressive strength of concrete produced using palm kernel shell (PKS) as coarse aggregate at different replacement levels. The replacement levels of coarse aggregate with palm kernel shells (PKS) were 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100% respectively. PKS concrete cubes (144 specimens) of sizes 150mm x 150mm x 150mm were cast and cured in water for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. A mix ratio of 1:2:4 was adopted with water-cement ratio of 0.45, 0.5, and 0.6 respectively while the batching was done by weight. Slump test was conducted on fresh concrete while compressive strength test was carried out on the hardened concrete cubes using a compression testing machine of 2000kN capacity. The result of tests on fresh concrete shows that the slump height of 0.45 water cement ratio (w/c) increases with an increase in PKS%. This trend was similar to 0.50 and 0.60 w/c. However, the compressive strength of concrete cube decreases with an increase in w/c (from 0.45 to 0.60) but increases with respect to curing age and also decreases with increase in PKS%. Concrete with 0.45 water-cement ratio possess the highest compressive strength. It was observed that PKS is not a good substitute for coarse aggregate in mix ratio 1:2:4 for concrete productions. Hence, the study suggest the use of chemical admixture such as superplasticizer or calcium chloride in order to improve the strength of palm kernel shells-concrete.

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