Modeling of drainage water composition of Centralnaya concentrating mill tailing dump of Komsomolsky district and assessment of their impact on the hydrosphere (Far East)

Soil water loss by evaporation influences the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of irrigation drainage water. Evaporation concentrates sodium and magnesium but calcite precipitation has a more complicated effect on soluble calcium and alkalinity. Here we propose a revised sodicity hazard assessment that quantifies the impact of evaporative water loss and calcite precipitation on drainage water SAR. This paper shows sodicity hazard is determined by the initial composition of irrigation water as originally suggested by previous researchers, and provide a simple, accurate way to identify the potential sodicity hazard of any irrigation water. In particular, the initial equivalent concentration of alkalinity and calcium determine the salinization pathway followed during evaporation. If the irrigation water alkalinity exceeds soluble calcium expressed as equivalent concentrations, drainage water SAR approaches an upper limit determined by the initial relative concentration of sodium and magnesium. If irrigation water alkalinity is less than soluble calcium, drainage water SAR approaches a lower limit determined by the initial calcium, magnesium and sodium. In both cases the SAR is scaled by the square root of the concentration factor √Fc quantifying soil water loss. To assess the impact of evaporation and calcite precipitation on the SAR and test the accuracy of the new sodicity hazard assessment, we evaluated data from previously published lysimeter studies. We plotted water composition boundaries for each source water, comparing these boundaries to the drainage water composition recorded in the lysimeter studies. As salinity increased by evaporation, each drainage water followed a distinct salinization path.

Download Full-text

Ionic regulation in an alpine peatland in the Bogong High Plains, Victoria, Australia

Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1071/en09062 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 424 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ewen Silvester

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Stream Water ◽

Critical Role ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Water Diversion ◽

High Plains ◽

Stream Discharge ◽

Sulfate Removal ◽

Water Composition ◽

Alpine Peatland

Environmental context. Australian alpine peatlands are thought to have an important role in maintaining water quality in the associated headwater streams. This study has confirmed that these peatlands can significantly modify stream water through a range of mechanisms, including: nutrient uptake, salt sequestering, and the export of organic carbon. While the significance of this chemical regulation to down stream processes is yet to be fully understood, it is clear that these systems have considerable potential to modify water composition. Abstract. Heathy Spur 1 (HS-1) is an intact alpine peatland in the Bogong High Plains, Victoria, Australia, that serves as a reference system for understanding the impacts of historical land use practices (cattle grazing, water diversion) and wildfire. The major ion chemistry in the groundwater feed and drainage water at HS-1 was studied over seasonal timescales during ‘dry weather’ periods; conditions that allow a simple hydrological model to be used, where the groundwater is assumed to partition between evapotranspiration and stream discharge. With this model the acid neutralising capacity (ANC) of stream discharge can be understood in terms of evapotranspiration and proton uptake associated with nitrate and sulfate removal. Stream discharge ANC is strongly partitioned towards exported dissolved organic carbon, shifting the buffering intensity to lower pH compared to the groundwater. Given the extremely low alkalinity of the regional groundwater, these alpine peatlands likely have a critical role in increasing headwater stream buffering capacity.

Download Full-text

Regulation of Drainage Water Composition by Biotic Processes in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Chemistry of Aquatic Systems: Local and Global Perspectives ◽

10.1007/978-94-017-1024-4_2 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 33-45

Author(s):

Nico Breemen

Keyword(s):

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Water Composition

Download Full-text

Mechanical-chemical activation using solutions containing active oxygen species

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20185603022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 03022

Author(s):

Aleksandr Aleksandrov ◽

Natalya Litvinova ◽

Tatyana Konareva ◽

Roman Bogomyakov ◽

Natalya Lavrik

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Activation ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Far East ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Tailing Dump ◽

Micro Cracks ◽

Granulometric Characteristics ◽

The Impact

The experimental studies of gold leaching from the cyanidation cakes for one of the Far East region deposits is shown in the article. Carbonate-cyanide and hypochlorite-chloride reagents were used for leaching and were electro-photo activated before leaching. Preoxidation of mineral matter by sulfate-peroxide solution were carried out. The mechanical-chemical activation of mineral material was carried out for gold increased extraction. Mechanical activation provided both better cake grinding and formation of micro cracks in the quartz and adular grains. The impact provides the liberation of dispersed nano-sized gold. The change in the granulometric characteristics of initial samples was considered from the upper, middle and lower horizons of the tailing dump as a result of complex physical-chemical effects. It was established that the gold reprecipitated on new activated surfaces of quartz and clay-mica minerals during the leaching process (for the samples of the lower and middle tailing horizons). Carbon in pulp (CIP) technology after the first stage of mechanical activation ensures a loss reduction of the valuable component.

Download Full-text

Biogeochemical assessment of changes in water composition after a large landslide in winter

Tihookeanskaia geografiia ◽

10.35735/tig.2021.6.2.004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 43-53

Author(s):

Л.М. КОНДРАТЬЕВА ◽

Е.М. ГОЛУБЕВА ◽

З.Н. ЛИТВИНЕНКО

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Far East ◽

Sharp Decrease ◽

Electric Power Station ◽

Catchment Basin ◽

Water Composition ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Before And After ◽

Landslide Body ◽

Artificial Channel

Впервые в декабре 2018 г. при температуре –32 оС произошел оползень с крутого берега Бурейского водохранилища (Дальний Восток России), на водосборе которого встречаются островная, прерывистая и сплошная многолетняя мерзлота. Оползень общим объемом 24.5 млн. м3 полностью перекрыл бывшее русло реки Бурея, создав угрозу работе Бурейской ГЭС и затопления населенных пунктов. Для решения проблемы восстановления проточности были проведены крупномасштабные взрывные работы с использованием тротила, а также кумулятивных зарядов с гексогеном. Взрывные работы повлияли на спектр органических веществ и миграционную способность многих элементов в воде вокруг оползня. Методом газовой хроматографии в воде обнаружены метанол и метилированные производные бензола, их концентрация увеличивалась после дренажа воды сквозь тело оползня. Среди летучих органических веществ значительную долю составляли продукты трансформации высокомолекулярных природных соединений, которые принимают участие в процессах метаногенеза и метанотрофии (метанол, ацетаты, ксилолы) и толуол, основной продукт деструкции тротила. Исследования элементного состава воды в зоне влияния оползня до и после проведения взрывных работ были проведены методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой на ICP-MS ELAN-9000 (Perkin Elmer). Ниже тела оползня отмечено увеличение содержания Al, Fe, W, Cr и Pb. Наиболее существенные изменения качества воды произошли после проведения взрывных работ. В воде искусственного канала отмечено резкое снижение содержания элементов (Fe, Cu, Zn и Pb) и увеличение концентрации ртути. For the first time in December 2018, at a temperature of 32°C below zero, on the steep bank of the Bureiskoe Reservoir (Far East, Russia) a landslide occurred. Insular, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost on the catchment basin of the reservoir is recorded. A landslide with a total volume of 24.5 million m3 completely blocked the former channel of the Bureya River. It created a threat to the operation of the Bureya Hydro-electric Power Station and flooding of settlements. Blasting operations with use of trinitrotoluene and shaped charges with hexogen were carried out for restoring the flow. Methanol and methylated benzene derivatives were detected in water by gas chromatography; its concentration increased after the water was drained through the landslide body. In the water of the artificial channel, decrease in the lithogenic elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) content and an increase in the mercury concentration were recorded. Among the volatile organic substances, a significant portion belonged to the products of transformation of high molecular natural compounds that take part in the processes of methanogenesis and methanotrophy (methanol, acetates, and xylenes) and toluene, the main intermediate of trinitrotoluene. The studies of the elemental composition of water in the zone of influence of the landslide before and after the blasting operations were carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on an ICP-MS ELAN-9000 (Perkin Elmer). Below the landslide body, an increase in the content of Al, Fe, W, Cr and Pb is noted. The most significant changes in water quality occurred after the blasting operations. In the water of the artificial channel, a sharp decrease in the content of elements (Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb) and an increase in the concentration of mercury have been recorded.

Download Full-text