IMPACT OF SELF-DRIVING AND CONNECTED VEHICLES ON EMERGENCY RESPONSE: THE CASE OF THE USA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ITALY

Sequential Optimization of an Emergency Response Vehicle’s Intra-Link Movement in a Partially Connected Vehicle Environment

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211017914 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110179

Author(s):

Gaby Joe Hannoun ◽

Pamela Murray-Tuite ◽

Kevin Heaslip ◽

Thidapat Chantem

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Lateral Position ◽

Automated System ◽

Sequential Optimization ◽

Connected Vehicles ◽

Linear Programs ◽

Connected Vehicle ◽

Market Penetration ◽

Short Term ◽

New Approach

This paper introduces a semi-automated system that facilitates emergency response vehicle (ERV) movement through a transportation link by providing instructions to downstream non-ERVs. The proposed system adapts to information from non-ERVs that are nearby and downstream of the ERV. As the ERV passes stopped non-ERVs, new non-ERVs are considered. The proposed system sequentially executes integer linear programs (ILPs) on transportation link segments with information transferred between optimizations to ensure ERV movement continuity. This paper extends a previously developed mathematical program that was limited to a single short segment. The new approach limits runtime overhead without sacrificing effectiveness and is more suitable to dynamic systems. It also accommodates partial market penetration of connected vehicles using a heuristic reservation approach, making the proposed system beneficial in the short-term future. The proposed system can also assign the ERV to a specific lateral position at the end of the link, a useful capability when next entering an intersection. Experiments were conducted to develop recommendations to reduce computation times without compromising efficiency. When compared with the current practice of moving to the nearest edge, the system reduces ERV travel time an average of 3.26 s per 0.1 mi and decreases vehicle interactions.

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Occupational Safety and Health System for Workers Engaged in Emergency Response Operations in the USA

SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI ◽

10.1539/sangyoeisei.16-006-e ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 260-270

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Toyoda ◽

Tatsuhiko Kubo ◽

Koji Mori

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Occupational Safety ◽

Occupational Safety And Health ◽

Safety And Health ◽

The Usa

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Uncovering the Real Recovery Challenge: What Emergency Management Must Do

Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management ◽

10.1515/jhsem-2019-0024 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Robert McCreight ◽

Wayne Harrop

Keyword(s):

Emergency Management ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Policy Governance ◽

Community Recovery ◽

Crisis Events ◽

Debris Removal ◽

The Usa ◽

Response Measures ◽

The Uk ◽

Post Disaster

Abstract Despite decades of genuine experience derived from major disasters, emergency exercises and expert reviews of crisis events in reports and after action summaries it seems we know far less about post disaster restoration and recovery than we should. This shortfall presents several challenges to public policy, governance and the practice of emergency management as the specific steps, requirements, connections, issues and interdependencies in resurrecting a severely damaged city goes far beyond cleanup and routine debris removal tasks. Approaches towards restoration and recovery differ between the USA and the UK but there is equal regard for deriving as much insight as possible from post disaster imperatives by deliberately exercising what is seldom examined – the raw details and demands of city and community recovery. One suggested avenue is to expand future emergency exercises by focusing on how better to understand and execute the variety of restoration and recovery activies needed and devote less energy to traditional emergency response measures. This would invite testing emergency management leaders and experts with demanding 'maximum of maximum' scenarios to analyze the depth, challenges and complexity involved.

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Nuclear/radiological emergency response in the USA

International Journal of Emergency Management ◽

10.1504/ijem.2007.014304 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 339 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Debbie Wilber ◽

Donald Daigler ◽

Erik C. Nielsen ◽

Steven R. Riedhauser ◽

Arthur Shanks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Radiological Emergency ◽

The Usa ◽

Radiological Emergency Response

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Emergency Response to Nuclear Accident and Attack

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00045222 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

pp. 385-395

Author(s):

Jennifer Leaning-Link ◽

Mitchell Kling ◽

Mary E. Lord

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Social Systems ◽

Nuclear Disaster ◽

Wide Range ◽

Survival Capacity ◽

The Usa ◽

Effects Of Radiation ◽

Nuclear Exchange ◽

Nuclear Crisis

Disaster plans in response to a nuclear crisis involve extended forays into uncertainty. Controversy arises over whether or not a nuclear disaster or war might ever occur. Estimates of destructive parameters vary widely. Planning must take into account a wide range of issues, from the nature of radiation injury to the survival capacity of social systems. From the standpoint of analyzing possibilities for emergency response, we will discuss: l) medical effects of radiation; 2) severe core meltdown at a nuclear power plant; and 3) a scenario for a nuclear bomb explosion over one city in the USA, in the setting of a strategic nuclear exchange.

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Learning How to Learn from Disasters through a Comparative Dichotomy Analysis: Grenfell Tower and Hurricane Katrina Case Studies

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2030

Author(s):

Maria Iglesias-Mendoza ◽

Akilu Yunusa-Kaltungo ◽

Sara Hadleigh-Dunn ◽

Ashraf Labib

Keyword(s):

Hurricane Katrina ◽

Case Studies ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Management Education ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Dual Approach ◽

Root Cause ◽

Balanced Approach ◽

The Usa ◽

The Uk

We describe two well-established, practice-based Master’s programmes as examples of existing competence development opportunities for practitioners and how such links between theory and practice can be developed and taught within the Higher Education (HE) context. We hypothesise that learning from major failures is essential in linking theory with practice in both engineering and management education. We investigate how to train emergency response teams on coping with, and learning from, rare events; a major challenge to other practitioners in the fields of safety and risk management. Comparison is undertaken between two disasters—Hurricane Katrina in the USA and the relatively recent Grenfell Tower in the UK—using a balanced dual approach of paradoxes, a dichotomy. In this paper, we demonstrate the enhancement of both engineering and management education. This was achieved through using the two case studies to emphasize the relevance of incorporating advanced mental modelling approaches for root cause analysis in training and by comparing the two cases with respect to the black swan and black elephant concepts. It is recommended that future training has a balanced approach that encompasses the outlined features of dichotomies.

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