Employment-Based Health Insurance and Pension Benefits: Trends and Inequalities in Accessibility and Participation, 1987-2001

Journal of Income Distribution ◽

10.25071/1874-6322.1270 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Brady ◽

Emily Y. Lin

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Private Sector ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

Decomposition Methods ◽

Health Insurance Coverage ◽

Participation Rates ◽

Relative Employment ◽

Educational Groups ◽

Changing Patterns ◽

Pension Benefits

This paper documents changing patterns in employment-based health insurance and pension benefits among private-sector wage and salary workers between 1987 and 2001 and examines the trends by workforce characteristics. The results show that benefit differentials across educational groups increased in terms of both accessibility and participation rates during this period. The differential in pension accessibility and health insurance coverage rose primarily prior to 1993, whereas the differential in pension participation expanded consistently throughout the period. Using decomposition methods, we evaluate the importance of shifts in the relative employment distribution and changes in unobserved differences in explaining these trends.

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Union Threat Effects and the Decline in Employer-Provided Health Insurance

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/0019793918818812 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 417-445

Author(s):

Craig A. Olson

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Private Sector ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

State Level ◽

Union Density ◽

Health Insurance Coverage ◽

Full Time ◽

Non Union ◽

Private Sector Union ◽

Threat Effect

Employer-provided health insurance decreased by an average of almost 0.6 percentage points per year for adults aged 18 to 64 who were working full-time in the private sector between 1983 and 2007. Most of this decline was among non-union workers. This study reports estimates that suggest the decrease was caused by a decline employers faced in the threat of being unionized, as measured by the drop in state-level private-sector union density over the 25 years and across the 50 states. The author hypothesizes the decline in union density caused some non-union employers to decide not to offer health insurance. The study shows the importance of accounting for measurement error in union density when estimating the declining threat effect of unionization on non-union employer-provided health insurance coverage.

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Changing Patterns of Health Insurance Coverage:

Women & Health ◽

10.1300/j013v12n03_07 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 12 (3-4) ◽

pp. 119-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James R. Tallon ◽

Rachel Block

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

Health Insurance Coverage ◽

Changing Patterns

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Taking Stock Of Health: An Examination Of Health Insurance Expenditures By Employer Categories

Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) ◽

10.19030/jber.v7i4.2284 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Swarn Chatterjee ◽

John Gilliam

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Private Sector ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

Health Insurance Coverage ◽

Insurance Premium ◽

The Self ◽

Consumer Expenditure ◽

Government Employees ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

The Cost

This research uses the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX) data to examine the cost of health insurance coverage for government as well as private sector employees and for the self-employed. The findings show that, when compared with private-sector employees, the self-employed spend more and government employees spend less on health insurance premium payments. Factors such as education, marital status, region of residence, age, family size and educational attainment are significant determinants of the amount spent on health insurance. In addition, the likelihood of participation in Preferred Provider Option (PPO) health plans is lower for government employees and for self-employed individuals than for private sector employees.

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