scholarly journals Pero aún así: Fetichismo y renegación en la teoría de la ideología de Slavoj Žižek

Author(s):  
Álvaro Jiménez-Molina

La tríada distorsión, legitimación y crítica de la realidad social se encuentra en el centro de los debates teóricos en torno a la ideología. Este artículo describe, en primer lugar, el modo en que Slavoj Žižek redefine el concepto marxista de “fetichismo de la mercancía” siguiendo el modelo de la teoría psicoanalítica del fetichismo. Se aborda luego cómo el mecanismo freudiano de la “renegación” (Verleugnung), así como los conceptos de creencia y fantasía, permiten a Žižek resolver algunos dilemas que supone la idea de distorsión ideológica. De este modo, se discute en qué sentido Žižek ofrece una alternativa a los modelos tradicionales de la legitimación en sociología y psicología social, subrayando el funcionamiento cotidiano de la ideología. Finalmente, a partir de una reflexión en torno a las articulaciones entre renegación, creencia e inconsciente, se discuten una serie de malentendidos conceptuales que supone la teoría de la ideología en Žižek. -- The triad of distortion, legitimisation and critique of social reality is at the heart of theoretical debates about ideology. This article first describes how Slavoj Žižek redefines the Marxist concept of “commodity fetishism” on the model of the psychoanalytical theory of fetishism. The article then discusses how the Freudian mechanism of “disavowal” (Verleugnung), as well as the concepts of belief and fantasy, allow Žižek to solve some dilemmas that the idea of ideological distortion entails. In this way, it is discussed in what sense Žižek offers an alternative to the traditional models of legitimization in sociology and social psychology, emphasizing the everyday functioning of ideology. Finally, based on a reflection on the articulations between disavowal, belief and the unconscious, a series of conceptual misunderstandings are discussed that Žižek’s theory of ideology involves.

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-31
Author(s):  
Ilan Kapoor

This chapter examines the contributions of psychoanalysis to international development, illustrating ways in which thinking and practice in this field are psychoanalytically structured. Drawing mainly on the work of Jacques Lacan and Slavoj Žižek, it emphasizes three key points. First, psychoanalysis can help uncover the unconscious of development — its gaps, dislocations, blind spots — thereby elucidating the latter's contradictory and seemingly “irrational” practices. Second, the important psychoanalytic notion of jouissance (enjoyment) can help explain why development discourse endures, that is, why it has such sustained appeal, and why we continue to invest in it despite its many problems. Third, psychoanalysis can serve as an important tool for ideology critique, helping to expose the socioeconomic contradictions and antagonisms that development persistently disavows. The chapter then reflects on the limits of psychoanalysis — the extent to which it is gendered and, given its Western origins, universalizable.


2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. McGrath

AbstractThe early Schelling and the romantics constructed the unconscious in order to overcome the modern split between subjectivity and nature, mind and body, a split legislated by Cartesian representationalism. Influenced by Boehme and Kabbalah, the later Schelling modified his notion of the unconscious to include the decision to be oneself, which must sink beneath consciousness so that it might serve as the ground of one’s creative and personal acts. Slavoj Zizek has read the later Schelling’s unconscious as a prototype of Lacan’s reactive unconscious, an unconscious that only exists as the excluded other of consciousness. This reading, though close to the text of Schelling, misses something essential: the unconscious for Schelling is not a repression but a condition of the possibility of life and love.


Author(s):  
Robert Pfaller

Starting from a passage from Slavoj Žižek`s brilliant book The Sublime Object of Ideology, the very passage on canned laughter that gave such precious support for the development of the theory of interpassivity, this chapter examines a question that has proved indispensable for the study of interpassivity: namely, what does it mean for a theory to proceed by examples? What is the specific role of the example in certain example-friendly theories, for example in Žižek’s philosophy?


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kang Kim ◽  
Ansgar Lorenz ◽  
Ansgar Lorenz
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Anna G. Bodrova

Ivan Cankar (1876–1918), who occupies an honorable place in the Slovenian cultural canon, once changed the course of development of Slovenian literature and influenced the formation of national identity. The national narrative of Cankar was based on contradictions: living far from his people, he sometimes glorified them and sometimes attacked them with heavy criticism; he correlated his homeland with his mother, the mother though being dead. Cankar’s concentration on the subject of mother and homeland is interpreted here in the framework of psychoanalysis. Following Slavoj Žižek, the author develops the idea that it was the mother who became the Symbolic Order representative or Super-Ego for the writer. The concept of “Cankar’s mother”, which became a symbol of self-sacrifice and at the same time repressiveness in the Slovenian cultural space, is considered.


Author(s):  
Hani Kim ◽  
Uros Novakovic

The function of ideology is to naturalize and maintain unequal relations of power. Making visible how ideology operates is necessary for solving health inequities grounded in inequities of resources and power. However, discerning ideology is difficult because it operates implicitly. It is not necessarily explicit in one’s stated aims or beliefs. Philosopher Slavoj Žižek conceptualizes ideology as a belief in overarching unity or harmony that obfuscates immanent tension within a system. Drawing from Žižek’s conceptualization of ideology, we identify what may be considered as ‘symptoms’ of ideological practice: (1) the recurrent nature of a problem, and (2) the implicit externalization of the cause. Our aim is to illustrate a method to identify ideological operation in health programs on the basis of its symptoms, using three case studies of persistent global health problems: inequitable access to vaccines, antimicrobial resistance, and health inequities across racialized communities. Our proposed approach for identifying ideology allows one to identify ideological practices that could not be identified by particular ideological contents. It also safeguards us from an illusory search for an emancipatory content. Critiquing ideology in general reveals possibilities that are otherwise kept invisible and unimaginable, and may help us solve recalcitrant problems such as health inequities.


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