Ivan Cankar’s National Narrative and Its Role in the Formation of the Slovenian Cultural Identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Anna G. Bodrova

Ivan Cankar (1876–1918), who occupies an honorable place in the Slovenian cultural canon, once changed the course of development of Slovenian literature and influenced the formation of national identity. The national narrative of Cankar was based on contradictions: living far from his people, he sometimes glorified them and sometimes attacked them with heavy criticism; he correlated his homeland with his mother, the mother though being dead. Cankar’s concentration on the subject of mother and homeland is interpreted here in the framework of psychoanalysis. Following Slavoj Žižek, the author develops the idea that it was the mother who became the Symbolic Order representative or Super-Ego for the writer. The concept of “Cankar’s mother”, which became a symbol of self-sacrifice and at the same time repressiveness in the Slovenian cultural space, is considered.

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Nor Holis ◽  
Aprinus Salam

Slavoj Žižek introduces definition of subject through the concept of The Real. He decribes it use the Lacan’s psychoanalys triagle. The process of reaching The Real causes the subject to do something that can be out of the symbolic. Therefore, the position of subject could be decided at this stage. This kind of subject is seen in The Help (2011) film. It is represented by Skeeter. She tries to out from the symbolic order to get the real. In her process to reach the real, she is unable to release herself from the symbolic completely because of her educational background, her thought, and her conscience. Therefore, Skeeter could not be defined as the radical subject based on the process. Still, her effort in order to out from the symbolic is never succeeded. It is because she always does everything with full consideration. In fact, she only moves to the new symbolic order.


TELAGA BAHASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Siti Hardiyanti Amri

Paradigma humanis dalam kajian sastra memposisikan manusia sebagai pusat. Penelitian ini mengkaji subjektivitas tokoh dan pengarang dalam semesta novel Lelaki Harimau karya Eka Kurniawan menggunakan teori subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek. Zizek memfokuskan pemikirannya pada tatanan riil dan simbolik dalam kehidupan manusia. Menurutnya, manusia mampu meraih kebebasan dan keotentikan dirinya selama ia bertindak melampaui norma-norma simbolik dan bergerak menuju dimensi riil dalam kehidupannya. Sebaliknya, manusia akan tetap terpenjara dalam dimensi simbolik, selama ia membiarkan dirinya tetap hanyut dalam kesadaran palsu ideologi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada upaya radikal yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama untuk mencapai kondisi riil melalui tindakan sadis dan tak berkeprimanusiaan yang melanggar aspek normatif dalam lingkaran simbolik. Akan tetapi, peristiwa yang dihadapi oleh tokoh tersebut berlawanan dengan diri pengarang sebagai subjek. Pengarang justru tidak menunjukkan adanya upaya radikal dalam kehidupannya sehingga ia tetap berada dalam fantasi ideologis.Kata Kunci:Subjektivitas, Slavoj Zizek, Eka Kurniawan, Tindakan Radikal, Fantasi ideologis. The humanist paradigm in literature study assigns humans as the center. This research examines the subjectivity of the characters and the author in Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan using Slavoj Zizek's theory of subjectivity. Zizek focused his thoughts on the real and symbolic order in human life. According to him, humans are able to achieve freedom and authenticity as long as they act beyond the symbolic norms and move towards the real dimension in their life. On the contrary, humans will remain imprisoned in a symbolic dimension as long as they allowed themselves drifted away on a false consciousness of ideology. This research indicates that there are radical efforts made by the main characters to achieve the real conditions through sadistic and inhumane actions that violate the normative aspects in a symbolic circle. However, the events faced by these characters are opposite to the author as the subject. In fact, the author does not perform any radical efforts in his life so that he remains in ideological fantasies.Keywords: subjectivity, Slavoj Zizek, Eka Kurniawan, radical act, ideological fantasy


Author(s):  
Robert McDonald

Slavoj Žižek stands as one of the most influential contemporary philosophical minds, stretching across a wide variety of fields: not just communication and critical/cultural studies, but critical theory, theology, film, popular culture, political theory, aesthetics, and continental theory. He has been the subject (and object) of several documentaries, become the source of a “human megaphone” during Occupy Wall Street, and become, while still living, the subject of his own academic journal (the International Journal of Žižek Studies). Žižek’s theoretical claim to fame, aside from his actual claim to fame as a minor “celebrity philosopher,” is that he weaves together innovative interpretations of G. W. F. Hegel, Karl Marx, and Jacques Lacan to comment on a variety of subjects, from quantum physics to Alfred Hitchcock films to CIA torture sites. While there are as many “Žižeks” as there are philosophical problem-spaces, Žižek proposes an essential unity within his project; in his work, the triad Hegel-Marx-Lacan holds together like a Brunnian link—each link in the chain is essential for his project to function. Further, his intentionally provocative work acts as a counterweight to what he views as the dominant trends of philosophy and political theory since the 1980s—postmodernism, anti-foundationalism, deconstruction, vitalism, ethics, and, more recently, speculative realism and object-oriented ontology.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Toni J Koivulahti

Since his rising interest in Christianity, Slavoj Žižek has discussed many other religions. This article examines his engagement with Buddhism, which he often uses as a stand in for “Oriental spirituality.” For Žižek, Buddhist traditions lack several key features that make Christianity the best prospect for religious political organization. By examining the reasons behind his rejection of Buddhism through his defence of the Subject and the state of Fallenness, the argument will be presented that Žižek's at times negative position on Buddhism can be explained through his commitment to a Lacanian reading of the Cartesian subject. This allegiance means that for Žižek there can never be a harmonious state for the subject, and accepting this provides the subject with a “divine” freedom. This article will also discuss ways in which Žižek's particularism can be overcome without losing the “apocalyptic fervor” of Christian Communist politics.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Robert Małecki

Germany – migration as a culture critic?The common roots of the crisis and criticism indicate that the contemporary „migrant crisis” in Europe can also give a fundamental impulse to the criticism of culture—one so far-reaching that it can lay the foundations for a new cultural identity. The subject of this analysis is Germany as a cultural space in Europe and a unique community. Due to its history and both post- and always pre-national character, it is faced with a great opportunity to create a model of social integration yet unseen on the Old Continent. There is one condition: Germany will need to create a relevant cultural myth. This article presents three possible argumentative paths which show that such a scenario is not unlikely. Niemcy – migracja jako impuls do krytyki kultury?Wspólne korzenie kryzysu i krytyki wskazują, że współczesny „kryzys migracyjny” w Europie może stać się także zasadniczym impulsem do krytyki kultury. Krytyki na tyle daleko idącej, że może ona zrodzić fundamenty nowej kulturowej tożsamości. Przedmiotem analiz są tutaj Niemcy, jako kulturowa przestrzeń w Europie, jako szczególna „wspólnota”, która ze względu na swoją historię i post- a zarazem zawsze już przednarodowy charakter, staje przed ogromną szansą stworzenia niewidzianego na Starym Kontynencie modelu integracji społecznej. Pod warunkiem, że uda się im stworzyć odpowiedni mit kulturowy. W artykule przedstawione zostały trzy możliwe ścieżki argumentacyjne, które wskazują, że taki scenariusz nie jest nieprawdopodobny.


2020 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Ilan Kapoor

This chapter focuses on two recent controversies in which Slavoj Žižek has been embroiled — the European refugee crisis and the issue of Eurocentrism — to illustrate the two universalist dimensions of antagonism. The two controversies are, of course, directly pertinent to international development, since the one (the refugee crisis) is closely entwined with North–South relations and the global politics of inequality, while the other (Eurocentrism) is a key cause of concern for those (postcolonial, decolonial) development theorists and practitioners focusing on continuing patterns of Western domination. Žižek's stand on both issues has been the subject of notable disapproval, if not denunciation. Critics reproach him for being Eurocentric and even racist, charges which he has repeatedly countered. The chapter examines the differing theoretical and political positions in these debates, underlining what Žižek's critics miss or misunderstand about the key notion of antagonism.


Revue Romane ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-113
Author(s):  
Cristina Alvares

The paper focus on the ‘scénario-type’ of Amélie Nothomb’s novels, which consists in a dialectic confrontation between the Protagonist and the Neighbor. This confrontation dramatizes what Slavoj Zizek calls overproximity which is the effect and the sign of the inconsistency of the symbolic order in contemporary societies. In Nothomb’s novels, the Protagonist has to handle the massive and unbearable presence of the Neighbor threatening its subjective structure. With Jacques Lacan, Slavoj Zizek and René Girard, we propose an interpretation of the ontological and ethical meanings of the necessary border between the Protagonist and the Neighbor in the novels of the most popular Belgian writer. The suppression and the resurgence of the border are understood in the larger framework of the antinomic tension between desire and enjoyment (jouisance), which affects the stability of the subjective and social structures.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Almeida Sousa

On 17 November 2018, hundreds of thousands of French joined in protest against the ecological tax rise on hydrocarbons announced by Emmanuel Macron. The Yellow Vests phenomenon had been born. Since then, it has been active for several months and there seems to be no end in sight. As the movement began to get organized, it created websites and pages on social media, producing a challenging storytelling based on more than 40 demands and 25 proposals for the crisis. Thus it gave voice to the middle and middle-lower classes, which are deeply dissatisfied with their present socioeconomic conditions. Naturally, this narrative appealed to the extremist parties, from Mélenchon’s radical left to Marine Le Pen’s neo-nationalist right, as they immediately declared their support for the cause. Shortly afterwards, it was time for the intellectuals to manifest their views. On one hand, post-Marxists such as Slavoj Žižek and Antonio Negri wrote their articles on the subject. On the other, Russian nationalists, from leftist Boris Kagarlitsky to traditionalist Aleksandr Dugin, did not hide their enthusiasm about the movement either. For, in fact, all these intellectuals have something in common: they all are story-building for revolution. Resumo A 17 Novembro 2018, centenas de milhares de franceses aderiram ao protesto contra a subida da taxa ecológica sobre os hidrocarbonetos anunciada por Emmanuel Macron. Nascia, assim, o fenómeno dos coletes amarelos, o qual tem perdurado ao longo de vários meses e parece não ter fim à vista. À medida que o movimento se foi organizando, criou um site e páginas em redes sociais, produzindo um «storytelling» de carácter reivindicativo com base em mais de 40 exigências e 25 propostas para a crise; o qual dava voz a um clima de profunda insatisfação quanto à situação socioeconómica em que vivem as classes média e média-baixa. Claro está que esta narrativa agradou aos partidos extremistas, desde a esquerda radical de Mélenchon à direita nacionalista de Marine Le Pen, que imediatamente declararam o seu apoio à causa. Pouco depois, era a vez dos intelectuais se manifestarem. De um lado, destacaram-se os artigos dos pós-marxistas Slavoj Žižek e Antonio Negri. Do outro, os nacionalistas russos, desde o esquerdista Boris Kagarlitsky ao tradicionalista Aleksandr Dugin, tampouco esconderam o seu entusiasmo quanto ao movimento. Com efeito, todos estes intelectuais têm algo em comum: a produção de um «story building» de cariz revolucionário.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hayat

Muhammad hayatThis research entitled Giant Tempeh Festival: Between subject and given subject was done in Tlogorejo district Bumiaji village, Batu City. “Subject” or term “subject awareness” means Tlogorejo Society grow and develop in their awareness of the power of values which they have produced so far. Meanwhile, term “given subject” means that there is intervention of other values which are more dominant to influence society’s daily attitude. Those other values tend to eliminate society’s original values.This research uses qualitative approach with descrptive model. It employs the theory of subject by Slavoj Zizek. This theory point out that subject grows and develops in the daily awareness of society. The result of this research shows that subject emerges in local values which are represented as manifestation of corn rice as embeddedness. There is embeddedness whice can unite society in their daily attitude based on attitude norms in their knowledge. Further more, Giant Tempeh Festival is also process of learning about atificial thing. It means festival is a sign of image of something with material sense which slowly interferes and eliminates the local awareness on local knowledge. Finally the subject begins to move to something which is so artificial.


Hasta Wiyata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-171
Author(s):  
Fitri Tiara Merdika ◽  

In the creation of literary works, either consciously or unconsciously the author will always insert his ideology. The insertion of the ideology can be seen from the criticisms delivered by the author. Literary works are a medium for the author to convey a critique of the reality that occurs, be it religious, social, cultural, political and other criticisms. But that becomes interesting when the author tries to open up an unconscious reality, opening up the decay of a system of power that will eventually become cynicism and submit to an ideological order. In this study, Arafat Nur's novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam was chosen to prove this ideological fantasy. The problem contained in this study is (1) What is the symbolic order of acehnese people in the novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam? (2) What is Arafat Nur's criticism of the subject (Acehnese) in the novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam? To answer that question, the theory used was an authentic subject and ideological fantasy introduced by Slavoj Zizek and analyzed with descriptive analytical methodology. The results of this study prove that, firstly, the symbolic order (Islamic Sharia as the identity of Aceh) failed to form a radical subject. Although the subject has relinquished the symbolic order that shackled him all along, he remains returning to the new symbolic order. The subjects who are still in power of the Big Other will never escape from the order that subjected them. The subject will not be able to reach the Real, because they cannot discuss it so the subject desires to fulfill Che Vuoi's call?, unconsciously the subject commits ideological fantasies. Second, the subject of fantasizing the ideology of Islamism (Islamic sharia) that desires the achievement of spirituality instead leads it to capitalism. Not just the subject (the character in the novel). Arafat Nur as an author was also caught up in capitalism so his attempts to go radical ended in failure.


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