Abstract
The present study examined the influence of military identity on work engagement and burnout among members in the Norwegian Army Rapid Reaction Forces (RRF).
Hierarchical regression analyses found work engagement to be predicted by military identity (positively so by professionalism, and negatively by individualism), with individualism also predicting burnout. This is the first study to examine the unique influence of military identity on burnout and engagement among operational army personnel in the Norwegian Armed Forces.
The article reviews proposals to create a United Nations standing armed force as opposed to a rapid reaction force. In either case, to play its optimal role in the future of peacekeeping operations, the U.N. will have to face up to new demands, beyond those contemplated in 1945. Given the resistance in Iraq that has surprised two major powers (the United States and the United Kingdom), it is plausible that a truly collective effort by the U.N., even at higher costs in people and finance, merits serious consideration in order to secure peaceful lives in the world.
Despite Britain's traditionally ambivalent attitude towards deepening the European integration, in late 1990s - early 2000s London seemed to become a key driver of European defence and security cooperation. T.Blair and J.Chirac have set ambitious goals including the development of a European Rapid Reaction Force. However most targets have never been achieved due to concerns about undermining NATO's role and Britain's as well as other EU members' unwillingness to undertake real steps to strengthen defence and security cooperation. In late 2000s the prospects of defence integration within the EU were becoming more and more vague, and the D.Cameron coalition government opted for bilateral Franco-British cooperation. Today London remains among key opponents to the European defence but the paradox is that EU defence integration without Britain - which is along with France a leading EU military power-would be at least ineffective. With US activities gradually shifting from Europe to Asia-Pacific Britain may well take the lead in European security without any damage to Transatlantic Relations.
The paper is focused on the perspective of the common European army. There are several visions about the common European army in the speeches of the highest political representatives of Germany, France, and European Commission. The term European army can be understood in broader or narrower sense. Author proposes theoretical models of the common European army with their possible limitations and opportunities to prove successful. - the European Rapid Reaction Force, the European Battlegroups, single European intergovernmental army. These models differ according to the intensity of defense cooperation and integration of the Member States. The paper is aimed at the individual aspects of the supranational model of the common European army. The role of such common European army is significant in several areas.
The influence of military identity on work engagement and burnout in the norwegian army rapid reaction force
