scholarly journals A Revised Validation Process for Ice Accretion Codes

Author(s):  
William B. Wright
AIAA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-262
Author(s):  
Seungin Min ◽  
Kwanjung Yee

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Jackson ◽  
Dennis Cronin ◽  
John Severson ◽  
David Owens
Keyword(s):  

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
K. Connell ◽  
M. Pope ◽  
K. Miller ◽  
J. Scheller ◽  
J. Pulz

Designing and conducting standardized microbiological method interlaboratory validation studies is challenging because most methods are manual, rather than instrument-based, and results from the methods are typically subjective. Determinations of method recovery, in particular, are problematic, due to difficulties in assessing the true spike amount. The standardization and validation process used for the seven most recent USEPA 1600-series pathogen monitoring methods has begun to address these challenges. A staged development process was used to ensure that methods were adequately tested and standardized before resources were dedicated to interlaboratory validation. The interlaboratory validation studies for USEPA Method 1622, for Cryptosporidium, USEPA Method 1601 for coliphage, and USEPA Method 1605 for Aeromonas assessed method performance using different approaches, due the differences in the nature of the target analytes and the data quality needs of each study. However, the use of enumerated spikes in all of the studies allowed method recovery and precision to be assessed, and also provided the data needed to establish quantitative quality control criteria for the methods.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kozak ◽  
Kasra Khorsand ◽  
Telnaz Zarifi ◽  
Kevin Golovin ◽  
Mohammad H. Zarifi

AbstractA patch antenna sensor with T-shaped slots operating at 2.378 GHz was developed and investigated for wireless ice and frost detection applications. Detection was performed by monitoring the resonant amplitude and resonant frequency of the transmission coefficient between the antenna sensor and a wide band receiver. This sensor was capable of distinguishing between frost, ice, and water with total shifts in resonant frequency of 32 MHz and 36 MHz in the presence of frost and ice, respectively, when compared to the bare sensor. Additionally, the antenna was sensitive to both ice thickness and the surface area covered in ice displaying resonant frequency shifts of 2 MHz and 8 MHz respectively between 80 and 160 μL of ice. By fitting an exponential function to the recorded data, the freezing rate was also extracted. The analysis within this work distinguishes the antenna sensor as a highly accurate and robust method for wireless ice accretion detection and monitoring. This technology has applications in a variety of industries including the energy sector for detection of ice on wind turbines and power lines.


Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Yuria Okagaki ◽  
Taisuke Yonomoto ◽  
Masahiro Ishigaki ◽  
Yoshiyasu Hirose

Many thermohydraulic issues about the safety of light water reactors are related to complicated two-phase flow phenomena. In these phenomena, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using the volume of fluid (VOF) method causes numerical diffusion generated by the first-order upwind scheme used in the convection term of the volume fraction equation. Thus, in this study, we focused on an interface compression (IC) method for such a VOF approach; this technique prevents numerical diffusion issues and maintains boundedness and conservation with negative diffusion. First, on a sufficiently high mesh resolution and without the IC method, the validation process was considered by comparing the amplitude growth of the interfacial wave between a two-dimensional gas sheet and a quiescent liquid using the linear theory. The disturbance growth rates were consistent with the linear theory, and the validation process was considered appropriate. Then, this validation process confirmed the effects of the IC method on numerical diffusion, and we derived the optimum value of the IC coefficient, which is the parameter that controls the numerical diffusion.


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