Predicting Erosion from Airborne Particles on Surfaces using a Soft-Sphere Collision Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cairen J. Miranda ◽  
John Palmore
Author(s):  
Wim-Paul Breugem

A second-order accurate and efficient Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) has been developed for simulating particle-laden flows. Recently, this method has been combined with a soft-sphere collision model to accommodate inter-particle and particle-wall collisions. Details of the collision model are given. Results are shown from a lubrication study of non-touching particles at close distance from each other. The numerical results for the drag force acting on the particles agree well with exact solutions, except when the gap width between the particles becomes significantly smaller than the numerical grid spacing. For very small gap width, lubrication force corrections are proposed for the normal approach between particles based on asymptotic analytical solutions. Results are presented from a numerical study of sphere-wall collisions in a viscous fluid. The simulated behavior of the coefficient of restitution as function of the Stokes number based on the particle impact velocity, is in good agreement with experimental data.


Author(s):  
M. Shlepr ◽  
C. M. Vicroy

The microelectronics industry is heavily tasked with minimizing contaminates at all steps of the manufacturing process. Particles are generated by physical and/or chemical fragmentation from a mothersource. The tools and macrovolumes of chemicals used for processing, the environment surrounding the process, and the circuits themselves are all potential particle sources. A first step in eliminating these contaminants is to identify their source. Elemental analysis of the particles often proves useful toward this goal, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) is a commonly used technique. However, the large variety of source materials and process induced changes in the particles often make it difficult to discern if the particles are from a common source.Ordination is commonly used in ecology to understand community relationships. This technique usespair-wise measures of similarity. Separation of the data set is based on discrimination functions. Theend product is a spatial representation of the data with the distance between points equaling the degree of dissimilarity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-416
Author(s):  
Joyce M. Hansen ◽  
Scott Weiss ◽  
Terra A. Kremer ◽  
Myrelis Aguilar ◽  
Gerald McDonnell

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has challenged healthcare providers in maintaining the supply of critical personal protective equipment, including single-use respirators and surgical masks. Single-use respirators and surgical masks can reduce risks from the inhalation of airborne particles and microbial contamination. The recent high-volume demand for single-use respirators and surgical masks has resulted in many healthcare facilities considering processing to address critical shortages. The dry heat process of 80°C (176°F) for two hours (120 min) has been confirmed to be an appropriate method for single-use respirator and surgical mask processing.


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