Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change Scores for Sit-to-Stand-to-Sit Tests, the Six-Minute Walk Test, the One-Leg Heel-Rise Test, and Handgrip Strength in People Undergoing Hemodialysis

Background: With the increasing incidence of Alzheimer disease (AD), determining the validity and reliability of outcome measures for people with this disease is necessary. Objective: The goals of this study were to assess test-retest reliability of data for the Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG), the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and gait speed and to calculate minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for each outcome measure. Performance differences between groups with mild to moderate AD and moderately severe to severe AD (as determined by the Functional Assessment Staging [FAST] scale) were studied. Design: This was a prospective, nonexperimental, descriptive methodological study. Methods: Background data collected for 51 people with AD included: use of an assistive device, Mini-Mental Status Examination scores, and FAST scale scores. Each participant engaged in 2 test sessions, separated by a 30- to 60-minute rest period, which included 2 TUG trials, 1 6MWT trial, and 2 gait speed trials using a computerized gait assessment system. A specific cuing protocol was followed to achieve optimal performance during test sessions. Results: Test-retest reliability values for the TUG, the 6MWT, and gait speed were high for all participants together and for the mild to moderate AD and moderately severe to severe AD groups separately (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥.973); however, individual variability of performance also was high. Calculated MDC scores at the 90% confidence interval were: TUG=4.09 seconds, 6MWT=33.5 m (110 ft), and gait speed=9.4 cm/s. The 2 groups were significantly different in performance of clinical tests, with the participants who were more cognitively impaired being more physically and functionally impaired. Limitations: A single researcher for data collection limited sample numbers and prohibited blinding to dementia level. Conclusions: The TUG, the 6MWT, and gait speed are reliable outcome measures for use with people with AD, recognizing that individual variability of performance is high. Minimal detectable change scores at the 90% confidence interval can be used to assess change in performance over time and the impact of treatment.

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Reliability and minimal detectable change of the 2-minute walk test and Timed Up and Go test in patients with total hip arthroplasty

Hip International ◽

10.1177/1120700019888614 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112070001988861

Author(s):

Ertugrul Yuksel ◽

Bayram Unver ◽

Serpil Kalkan ◽

Vasfi Karatosun

Keyword(s):

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Total Hip ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Minute Walk

Purpose: Performance-based outcome measures are becoming increasingly important in health care. The 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) are frequently used in clinical trials as performance-based tests in many diseases including osteoarthritis. The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine test-retest reliability of data for the 2MWT and the TUG; (2) to determine minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for the TUG and 2MWT in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: 37 patients, who had undergone primary THA, were included. Patients twice performed trials for the 2MWT and TUG on the same day. In addition to demographic data of patients, the Harris Hip Score, 2MWT and TUG scores were recorded. Results: The TUG and 2MWT showed excellent test-retest reliability. The Intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2,1), Standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable chance at the 95% CI (MDC95) for TUG were 0.96, 0.59 seconds and 1.62 seconds respectively. The ICC (2,1), SEM and MDC95 for 2MWT were 0.96, 6.37 m and 17.56 m respectively. Conclusion: Clinicians and researchers can be confident that greater changes than 1.62 seconds for TUG and 17.56 m for the 2MWT over time represent a real clinical change in rehabilitation process in patients with THA. Both the 2MWT and TUG may assist in early identification of patients who may need additional rehabilitation to reduce the potential for poor outcomes after THA. Therefore, both of these tests can be used in a clinical setting with a small measurement error.

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Test-retest Reliability and Minimum Detectable Change of 2-Minute Walk Test among Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/49079.15142 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shefally ChaudHary ◽

Ammar Suhail

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Walking Capacity ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Minute Walk

Introduction: The 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) is a simple, practical, and less time consuming test. Patients do not get fatigued while performing this test as a part of routine physical examination. 2MWT shows an excellent correlation with other walk tests and can be used as an alternative test in patients with multiple co- morbidities. The reliability of a test is a must for its recommendation to be used in clinics as well as research. Measurement properties have been reported in different populations for 2MWT. However, no data exist for 2MWT in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA). Aim: To establish the test-retest reliability and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) scores for the 2MWT in patients with bilateral KOA. Materials and Methods: A prospective test-retest research study designed to assess the reliability of 2MWT. Eighty-two patients with KOA (27 males and 55 females) were included in the study. Health status was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and WOMAC were assessed on two consecutive days. Participants performed 2MWT on two different occasions with 48 hours difference in between. Both sessions were conducted for 45 minutes each on a 30 meter walking pathway. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: 2MWT showed an excellent test-retest reliability. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for 2MWT were 0.98. Test-retest reliability assessed by two trials of 2MWT showed 1st trial mean±SD of 154.33±19.59 m and 2nd trial mean±SD of 156.69±19.68 m. Mean difference±SD between both trials was 2.36±2.74, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change at 95% confidence level (MDC95) for 2MWT were 2.76 and 5.52 meters, respectively. Conclusion: The study recommends that 2MWT can be used as a test for assessing walking capacity among patients with KOA. A change of more than 5.52 meters can be considered as change-free of error. It can be used as an alternative to 6MWT in patients with KOA who cannot tolerate a higher duration/intensity walk test.

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Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of Two-Minute Walk Test in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2021.9588 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Asfarina ZANUDIN ◽

Yen Yun KHONG ◽

Ling Fong CHONG ◽

Nor Azizah MOHAMAD

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Young People ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Six Minute Walk Test ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Minute Walk

This study explored the test-retest reliability and construct validity of a two-minute walk test in children and adolescents with CP Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I, II, and III. Twenty-six participants with CP (age 11.7 ± 3.9 years) were recruited and were assessed twice with the two-minute walk test to determine the test-retest reliability (interval 2 weeks). Minimal detectable changes (MDC95) were calculated. Construct validity was established by comparing the results of the two- and six-minute walk tests during the first assessment. The test-retest reliability was excellent, with intra-class correlation (ICC) = 0.98 for all participants. The (MDC95) for all participants was 12.7 m. The distance covered by children and adolescents with CP in the two-minute walk test had high correlation (r = 0.9, p < 0.01) with distance covered in the six-minute walk test. The two-minute walk test is a valid and reliable outcome measure to assess walking performance in children and adolescents with CP. HIGHLIGHTS The two-minute walk test has excellent reliability and validity among young people with cerebral palsy The minimal detectable change of two-minute walk test among young people with cerebral palsy was 12.7 m The two-minute walk test had high correlation with the six-minute walk test among young people with cerebral palsy

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Test-retest reliability, agreement, and minimal detectable change in the 6-minute walk test in patients with intermittent claudication

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jvs.2019.02.056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 197-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anna Sandberg ◽

Åsa Cider ◽

Lennart Jivegård ◽

Joakim Nordanstig ◽

Susanna Wittboldt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intermittent Claudication ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

6 Minute Walk Test ◽

Minute Walk

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Minimal detectable change in six-minute walk test in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Disability and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1080/09638288.2019.1663947 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva ◽

Teresa Sarría Visa ◽

Pilar Moscardó Marichalar ◽

Tamara del Corral

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Six Minute Walk Test ◽

Minute Walk

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Test-retest reliability of six minute walk test in spastic ambulatory children with cerebral palsy

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.5455/2349-3291.ijcp20140504 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Rutvee Vinchhi ◽

Shraddha Diwan ◽

Sweety Shah ◽

Neeta Vyas

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Walk Test ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Six Minute Walk Test ◽

Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Minute Walk

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Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of Physical Performance Measures in Individuals With Pre-manifest and Manifest Huntington Disease

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20130032 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (7) ◽

pp. 942-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Lori Quinn ◽

Hanan Khalil ◽

Helen Dawes ◽

Nora E. Fritz ◽

Deb Kegelmeyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Huntington Disease ◽

Step Test ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

BackgroundClinical intervention trials in people with Huntington disease (HD) have been limited by a lack of reliable and appropriate outcome measures.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) of various outcome measures that are potentially suitable for evaluating physical functioning in individuals with HD.DesignThis was a multicenter, prospective, observational study.MethodsParticipants with pre-manifest and manifest HD (early, middle, and late stages) were recruited from 8 international sites to complete a battery of physical performance and functional measures at 2 assessments, separated by 1 week. Test-retest reliability (using intraclass correlation coefficients) and MDC values were calculated for all measures.ResultsSeventy-five individuals with HD (mean age=52.12 years, SD=11.82) participated in the study. Test-retest reliability was very high (>.90) for participants with manifest HD for the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), 10-Meter Walk Test, Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Physical Performance Test (PPT), Barthel Index, Rivermead Mobility Index, and Tinetti Mobility Test (TMT). Many MDC values suggested a relatively high degree of inherent variability, particularly in the middle stage of HD. Minimum detectable change values for participants with manifest HD that were relatively low across disease stages were found for the BBS (5), PPT (5), and TUG (2.98). For individuals with pre-manifest HD (n=11), the 6MWT and Four Square Step Test had high reliability and low MDC values.LimitationsThe sample size for the pre-manifest HD group was small.ConclusionsThe BBS, PPT, and TUG appear most appropriate for clinical trials aimed at improving physical functioning in people with manifest HD. Further research in people with pre-manifest HD is necessary.

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