Spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to acute stress reaction: a case report

Objective: As spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PMS) is a rare and idiopathic entity, the present report proposes to record one of the few cases of a patient who presented PMS after intense cries induced by psychiatric illness. Case details: A 50-year-old male patient who was admitted to emergency department with agitation, cold sweating, tachycardia and echolalia, associated with screams. Symptoms lasted for about 15 hours and they have started after the patient witnessed a first-degree relative (father) dying at home due to COVID-19. A thorax computed tomography scan found a Pneumomediastinum that involved the upper mediastinum with mild extension to lower neck, near the Thyroid gland. After acute stress reaction diagnosis, accordingly with DSM-IV criteria, patient followed observation for two days and punctual benzodiazepines use, having no clinical complications during hospital stay. Pneumomediastinum was completely resolved. Final considerations: Screams motivated by psychiatric condition can be added to SPM causes list and should motivate phisician awareness, since it may bare life-threatening complications associated.

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A child with acute stress reaction after multiple injury.

Nihon Kyukyu Igakukai Zasshi ◽

10.3893/jjaam.5.712 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 712-715

Author(s):

Katsutoshi Tanno ◽

Hitoshi Imaizumi ◽

Satoshi Nara ◽

Hitoshi Kano ◽

Takafumi Naito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Multiple Injury ◽

Acute Stress Reaction

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Anxiety and stress-related disorders

Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780199693887.003.0009 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 351-396

Keyword(s):

Panic Disorder ◽

Historical Perspective ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Hyperventilation Syndrome ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Specific Phobias ◽

Acute Stress Reaction

Introduction Historical perspective Hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) Panic disorder 1: clinical features Panic disorder 2: aetiological models Panic disorder 3: management guidelines Agoraphobia Simple or specific phobias Social phobia Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) Hoarding disorder (DSM-5) Exceptional stressors and traumatic events Acute stress reaction...

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Is perceived long term stress related to the acute stress reaction?

Psychoneuroendocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.277 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Elin Arvidson ◽

Anna Sjörs ◽

Ingibjörg H. Jonsdottir

Keyword(s):

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Acute Stress Reaction

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The Neurochemistry and Epigenetics of PTSD

10.1093/med/9780190457136.003.0014 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Robert M. Post

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Moving Target ◽

Acute Stress Reaction ◽

Life Stressor ◽

The Common ◽

Early Life Stressor ◽

Pituitary Adrenal Axis

This chapter reviews the neurochemistry and epigenetics of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Traditional views of the neurochemistry of PTSD focus on alterations in classical central nervous system neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine and pathological reactivity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and these are only briefly noted here. Instead, the chapter emphasizes a series of new conceptualizations and neurochemical data that have recently been elucidated. One is the recognition of the symptoms and neurobiology of PTSD as a moving target, being very different in different stages of illness evolution. Differences are apparent in the neurochemistry involved in early life stressor-related vulnerabilities to PTSD, the acute stress reaction, compensation and resolution phases, or ongoing chronicity with sleep disturbance, nightmares, flashbacks, hyperarousal, and dulling and depression. The neurochemical abnormalities vary as a function of this temporal unfolding and the common acquisition and progression of comorbid syndromes of alcohol and substance abuse.

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Supplemental Material for Rapid Response to Acute Stress Reaction: Pilot Test of iCOVER Training for Military Units

Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy ◽

10.1037/tra0000487.supp ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Rapid Response ◽

Pilot Test ◽

Acute Stress Reaction ◽

Military Units

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Concurrent and Co-Located Early Intervention for Concussion and Acute Stress Reaction

Psychiatric Annals ◽

10.3928/00485713-20130703-05 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

pp. 313-317

Author(s):

Thomas J. Patterson ◽

Michael B. Brennan ◽

Richard P. Schobitz

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Acute Stress Reaction

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Investigation of risk factors for acute stress reaction following induced abortion

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns1006399v ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 63 (5-6) ◽

pp. 399-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jelka Vukelic ◽

Aleksandra Kapamadzija ◽

Biljana Kondic

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Induced Abortion ◽

Stress Reaction ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Predisposing Factor ◽

Acute Stress Reaction ◽

A Prospective Study

Introduction. Termination of pregnancy - induced abortion is inevitable in family planning as the final solution in resolving unwanted pregnancies. It can be the cause of major physical and phychological concequences on women?s health. Diverse opinions on psychological consequences of induced abortion can be found in literature. Material and methods. A prospective study was performed in order to predict acute stress disorder (ASD) after the induced abortion and the possibility of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Seven days after the induced abortion, 40 women had to fill in: 1. a special questionnaire made for this investigation, with questions linked to some risk factors inducing stress, 2. Likert?s emotional scale and 3. Bryant?s acute stress reaction scale. Results. After an induced abortion 52.5% women had ASD and 32.5% women had PTSD. Women with ASD after the abortion developed more sense of guilt, irritability, shame, self-judgement, fear from God and self-hatred. They were less educated, had lower income, they were more religious, did not approve of abortion and had worse relationship with their partners after the abortion in comparison to women without ASD. Age, number of previous abortions and decision to abort did not differ between the two groups. Discussion and conclusion. Induced abortion represents a predisposing factor for ASD and PTSD in women. Some psychosocial factors contribute to the development of stress after abortion. Serbia has a task to reduce the number of abortions which is very high, in order, to preserve reproductive and phychological health of women.

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