scholarly journals Transient ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction in a pediatric patient: An illustrative case

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Michel Gustavo Mondragon-Soto ◽  
Lior Elkaim ◽  
Alexander G. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
History Of

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS), the mainstay of the treatment for hydrocephalus, is associated with relatively high revision rates. Transient hydrocephalus due to intermittent VPS obstruction should be recognized as a cause of VPS malfunction. While transient VPS dysfunction is well-recognized complication, there is a relative paucity of well-documented cases in the literature. Case Description: We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with a history of vascular malformation and hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage. The patient presented with transient, self-resolving hydrocephalus (without intervention), as documented by clinical and radiological findings. Conclusion: Transient hydrocephalus due to intermittent VPS dysfunction in children is a rare entity, but it should be suspected in certain patients with VPS presenting with transient or self-improving symptoms.

scholarly journals Hepatic Liquoric Cyst as a Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívio Pereira de Macêdo ◽  
Arlindo Ugulino Netto ◽  
Kauê Franke ◽  
Pierre Vansant Oliveira Eugenio ◽  
Lucas Ribeiro de Moraes Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Abdominal Imaging ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Shunt Insertion ◽  
Important Complication ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) procedure is still the most used technique for management of hydrocephalus. This article reports a case of hepatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst as a rare, but important, complication of the VPS insertion. Case Description An 18-year-old male presented to the hospital complaining of temporal headache and visual turbidity for approximately 3 months with a history of VPS insertion for treatment of hydrocephalus and revision of the valve in adolescence. The diagnosis was based on abdominal imaging, demonstrating an extra-axial hepatic CSF pseudocyst free from infection. Following the diagnosis, the management of the case consisted in the removal and repositioning of the catheter on the opposite site of the peritoneum. Conclusion The hepatic CSF pseudocyst is an infrequent complication of VPS procedure, but it needs to be considered when performing the first evaluation of the patient. Several techniques are considered efficient for the management of this condition, the choice must be made based on the variables of each individual case.

Congenital Intercostal Hernia: A Rare Entity

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Syed Muzamil Andrabi ◽  
Mohd Yousuf Dar ◽  
Javid Ahmad Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Male Patient ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Intercostal Hernia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lateral Chest ◽  
Patient Department

A 35-year-old male patient presented to the General Surgery Out Patient Department with a history of swelling on the left lateral chest since birth. The swelling appeared during inspiration and disappeared during expiration. JMS 2018;21(1):48 

Glucose Levels and Outcome After Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Ruiqi Chen ◽  
Chao You ◽  
Lu Ma ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose: Hyperglycemia is reported to be associated with poor outcome in patients with spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH), but the association between blood glucose level and outcomes in Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage (PIVH) remains unclear. We sought to identify the parameters associated with admission hyperglycemia and analyze the impact of hyperglycemia on clinical outcome in patients with PIVH. Methods: Patients admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital with PIVH between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively included in our study. Clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of poor outcomes. Results: One hundred and seventy patients were included in the analysis. Mean admission blood glucose level was 7.78±2.73 mmol/L and 10 patients (5.9%) had a history of diabetes mellitus. History of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.01; Odds Ratio [OR], 9.10; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.64 to 50.54) was independent predictor of admission critical hyperglycemia defined at 8.17 mmol/L. Patients with admission critical hyperglycemia poorer outcome at discharge (P < 0.001) and 90 days (P < 0.001). After adjustment, admission blood glucose was significantly associated with discharge (P = 0.01; OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.59) and 90-day poor outcomes (P = 0.03; OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.58), as well as mortality at 90 days (P = 0.005; OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.78). In addition, admission critical hyperglycemia showed significantly increased the incidence rate of pneumonia in PIVH (P = 0.02; OR, 6.04; 95% CI 1.27 to 28.80) even after adjusting for the confounders. Conclusion: Admission blood glucose after PIVH is associated with discharge and 90-day poor outcomes, as well as mortality at 90 days. Admission hyperglycemia significantly increases the incidence rate of pneumonia in PIVH.

Dysbaric osteonecrosis associated with decompression sickness in a fishing diver

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Eduardo Briceño-Souza ◽  
◽  
Nina Méndez-Domínguez ◽  
Ricardo j Cárdenas-Dajda ◽  
Walter Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Left Limb ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decompression Stress ◽  
Probable Diagnosis

Diving as a method of fishing is used worldwide in small-scale fisheries. However, one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among fishermen is decompression sickness (DCS). We report the case of a 46-year-old male fisherman diver who presented with chronic inguinal pain that radiated to the lower left limb. Living and working in a fishing port in Yucatan, he had a prior history of DCS. A diagnosis of avascular necrosis in the left femoral head secondary to DCS was made via analysis of clinical and radiological findings. The necrosis was surgically resolved by a total hip arthroplasty. Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a more probable diagnosis. In this region fishermen undergo significant decompression stress in their daily fishing efforts. Further studies regarding prevalence of dysbaric osteonecrosis among small-scale fisheries divers are needed. In a community where DCS is endemic and has become an epidemic, as of late, the perception of this health risk remains low. Furthermore, training and decompression technique are lacking among the fishing communities.

scholarly journals Type 4 appendiceal diverticulum within a de Garengeot hernia

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. e141-e142 ◽  
Author(s):  
SH Rossi ◽  
E Coveney
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Hernia ◽  
Cystic Lesion ◽  
Vermiform Appendix ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
De Garengeot Hernia ◽  
Learning Points

A de Garengeot hernia is defined as an incarcerated femoral hernia containing the vermiform appendix. We describe the case of a patient with a type 4 appendiceal diverticulum within a de Garengeot hernia and delineate valuable learning points.A 76-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of a non-reducible painless femoral mass. Outpatient ultrasonography demonstrated a 36mm × 20mm smooth walled, multiloculated, partially cystic lesion anterior to the right inguinal ligament in keeping with an incarcerated femoral hernia. Intraoperatively, the appendix was found to be incarcerated in the sac of the femoral hernia and appendicectomy was performed. Histopathology demonstrated no evidence of inflammation in the appendix. However, an incidental appendiceal diverticulum was identified.It is widely recognised that a de Garengeot hernia may present with concomitant appendicitis, secondary to raised intraluminal pressure in the incarcerated appendix. Appendiceal diverticulosis is also believed to develop in response to raised pressure in the appendix and may therefore develop secondary to incarceration in a de Garengeot hernia. To our knowledge, only one such case has been described in the literature. A de Garengeot hernia is a rare entity, which poses significant diagnostic challenges. A high index of clinical suspicion is necessary as these hernias are at particularly high risk of perforation and so prompt surgical management is paramount.

Clear cell carcinoma of Mullerian origin in the urinary bladder: A rare entity

2021 ◽  
pp. 205141582098766
Author(s):  
Harshit Garg ◽  
Brusabhanu Nayak ◽  
Tripti Nakra ◽  
Prabhjot Singh ◽  
Seema Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder

Mullerian neoplasms of the urinary system are rare but complex tumor-like lesions. The identification of the Mullerian neoplasm is crucial for patient management owing to its etiology, natural history, and prognosis. We present a case of a 42-year-old female with a history of three lower segment cesarean sections presenting with complaints of dysmenorrhea and suprapubic pain with no history of hematuria or any urinary symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2 cm×2 cm exophytic lesion suspicious of being either a bladder lesion or an endometrial lesion infiltrating the urinary bladder. Cystoscopy and transurethral biopsy of this suspicious bladder tumor revealed a malignant tumor with papillary and tubulocystic architecture. Based on the overall histomorphological and immunohistochemical features, a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of Mullerian origin was made, and the patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and partial cystectomy. The patient was kept on regular surveillance and showed no signs of recurrence at the one-year follow-up. Clear cell carcinoma of the bladder of Mullerian origin is a rare entity and is established on histopathology. Prompt diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are indispensable for management. Level of evidence: Level 4.

Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgen Önder ◽  
Arzu Sungur
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Sinonasal Tract ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis ◽  
Nasal Septoplasty

Abstract We present the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with medication-resistant chronic bilateral nasal obstruction. The patient had no known history of allergy or any other disease. Nasal septoplasty was performed to relieve his symptoms. Histologically, thick collagen bundles were seen, characteristically whorling around vessels in a fibrotic stroma. Inflammatory cells, rich in eosinophils, were scattered throughout the lesion. No granulomas, necrosis, or vessel destruction were present. A diagnosis of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis was made. This neoplasm, which has very characteristic histologic features, is a rare entity of the sinonasal tract.

74 LAPAROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF A PULSION EPIPHRENIC OESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULUM SECONDARY TO ACHALASIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Tan ◽  
Baldwin Yeung ◽  
Lester Ong ◽  
Bin Chet Toh ◽  
Wai Keong Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Resection ◽  
Barium Swallow ◽  
Toupet Fundoplication ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy

Abstract   This is a video submission of a laparoscopic resection of an epiphrenic oesophageal pulsion diverticulum secondary to achalasia. A Heller’s cardiomyotomy is also performed together with a Toupet fundoplication. Methods The patient is a 40 year old woman with a 12 month history of worsening dysphagia, reflux symptoms, as well as occasional regurgitation of food, worse at night. Barium swallow showed a distal oesophageal diverticulum and oesophageal manometry confirmed type 1 achalasia. Upper GI endoscopy showed no other intra-luminal findings. Results The patient underwent a laparoscopic resection of the diverticulum, together with a Heller’s cardiomyotomy and Toupet fundoplication. There were no post-operative complications. She remains well and asymptomatic at 9 month follow-up. Conclusion Pulsion diverticula secondary to achalasia are a known but rare entity. A few variations exist on how to manage this condition surgically, especially with respect to the type of fundoplication. We present our preferred technique for dealing with this condition. Video https://www.dropbox.com/s/dg4edkamykugupn/Oesophagealdivert.mp4?dl=0

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