PERIODIC SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL JOURNAL OF THE PIROGOV CENTER «BULLETIN OF PIROGOV NATIONAL MEDICAL & SURGICAL CENTER» - 15 YEARS WAY TO RECOGNITION

Author(s):  
G.G. Borshchev ◽  
P.E. Astashev ◽  
S.A. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Jong Yun Lee ◽  
Im Seok Koh ◽  
So Hee Lee ◽  
Sung Soo Eun

Author(s):  
K.M. Saidzhamolov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Gromakina ◽  
S.K. Makhmadzoda ◽  
◽  
...  

Purpose. To assess the severity of penetrating eye trauma in children in Tajikistan. Material and methods. Retrospectively there was analyzed 277 case histories of children with a diagnosis of penetrating eye injury, admitted to the children’s department of the National Medical Centre of the Republic of Tajikistan for the provision of specialized ophthalmological care. Results. The average age of children at the time of injury to the organ of sight was 7.06 ± 3.01 years, mainly these were villagers (70%). Children under 7 years old accounted for 57.8% of those admitted to the hospital. The terms of admission to the hospital ranged from 1 to 14 days, an average of 43.02 ± 33.35 hours. The severity is caused by damage to 2 or more structures of the eyeball in 81,3%. Wounds larger than 6 mm prevailed and amounted to 63,5%. Endophthalmitis at admission was noted in 8,3% of cases. Enucleation was performed in 2 children; 244 children underwent primary surgical treatment. Visual acuity at discharge was higher than 0.1 in 72 of 275 children (26.2%), lower than 0,1 in 194 (70.7%). Conclusion. Almost every second child (43.0%) is admitted to the hospital for primary surgical treatment of an eyeball wound after 24 hours. About 2/3 of cases of eye damage are characterized by large wound sizes. Stab wounds were noted in 90.2% of cases. In 58.8% of cases, damage to the cornea was observed and in 68.6% – damage to the lens area.


GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Zalina K. Batyrova ◽  
Zaira K. Kumykova ◽  
Elena V. Uvarova ◽  
Vladimir D. Chuprynin ◽  
Natalya A. Buralkina ◽  
...  

Background. Adnexal torsion (AT) takes fifth place among all emergency gynecological conditions. Suspicion of AT requires immediate diagnosis and urgent surgical treatment. The most common causes of AT are various volumetric formations, such as functional or dermoid ovarian cysts, contributing to an increase in its volume and/or anomalies in the development of the ligamentous apparatus. Timely diagnosis and detorsion contributes to the full restoration of impaired venous outflow and lymphatic drainage of the ovarian tissue, preventing the development of severe ischemia and necrosis. Over the past few decades, a surgical organ-preserving approach in managing patients with AT has been the gold standard of care. Materials and methods. The article describes the results of a retrospective study of cases of AT in children and adolescents treated at the Department of Pediatric and adolescent gynecology Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology with an assessment of the clinical and anamnestic features of this cohort of patients and the choice of therapeutic tactics. Conclusion. A multidisciplinary approach is critical to optimizing the delivery of care in cases of AT, including minimally invasive detorsion and preserving the functionality of the ovary as a treatment standard that should be used in the management of children and adolescents.


Author(s):  
Валентина Викторовна Дмитриева ◽  
Николай Николаевич Тупицын ◽  
Евгений Валерьевич Поляков ◽  
Софья Сергеевна Денисюк

Применение методов и средств цифровой обработки изображений при распознавании типов клеток крови и костного мозга для повышения качества диагностики острых лейкозов является актуальной научно-технической задачей, отвечающей стратегии развития технологий искусственного интеллекта в медицине. В работе предложен подход к мультиклассификации клеток костного мозга при диагностике острых лейкозов и минимальной остаточной болезни. Для проведения экспериментальных исследований сформирована выборка из 3284 изображений клеток, представленных Лабораторией гемопоэза Национального медицинского исследовательского центра онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина. Предложенный подход к мультиклассификации клеток костного мозга основан на бинарной модели классификации для каждого из исследуемых классов относительно остальных. В рассматриваемой работе бинарная классификация выполняется методом опорных векторов. Метод мультиклассификации был программно реализован с применением интерпретатора Python 3.6.9. Входными данными программы служат файлы формата *.csv с таблицами морфологических, цветовых, текстурных признаков для каждой из клеток используемой выборки. В выборке представлено девять типов клеток костного мозга. Выходными данными программы мультиклассификации являются значения точности классификации на тестовой выборке, которые отражают совпадение прогнозируемого класса клетки с фактическим (верифицированным) классом клетки. “Эксперимент показал следующие результаты: точность мультиклассификации рассматриваемых типов клеток в среднем составила: 87% на тестовом наборе, 88% на обучающем наборе данных. Проведенное исследование является предварительным. В дальнейшем планируется увеличить число классов клеток, объем выборок различных типов клеток и с уточнением результатов мультиклассификации The use of methods and means of digital image processing in the recognition of types of blood cells and bone marrow to improve the quality of diagnosis of acute leukemia is an urgent scientific and technical task that meets the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence technologies in medicine. The paper proposes an approach to the multiclassification of bone marrow cells in the diagnosis of acute leukemia and minimal residual disease. For experimental studies, a sample of 3284 images of cells was formed, submitted by the Hematopoiesis Laboratory of the National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after V.I. N.N. Blokhin. The proposed approach to the multiclassification of bone marrow cells is based on a binary classification model for each of the studied classes relative to the others. In the work under consideration, binary classification is performed by the support vector machine. The multiclassification method was implemented programmatically using the Python 3.6.9 interpreter. The input data of the program are * .csv files with tables of morphological, color, texture features for each of the cells of the sample used. The sample contains nine types of bone marrow cells. The output data of the multiclassification program are the classification accuracy values on the test sample, which reflect the coincidence of the predicted cell class with the actual (verified) cell class. “The experiment showed the following results: the accuracy of multiclassification of the considered types of cells on average was: 87% on the test set, 88% on the training data set. This study is preliminary. In the future, it is planned to increase the number of classes of cells, the volume of samples of various types of cells and with the refinement of the results of multiclassification


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