SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS OF PREVENTION OF CARIES OF BABY TEETH IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Caries of baby teeth is the most common disease among preschool children in the practice of a dentist. This is why it is so important to take into account a number of preventive measures at an early stage. This study is devoted to evaluating the cost-effectiveness of prevention of dental caries in preschool children. In the course of the study, the materials of the past years of the main literature reviews were studied, in which full and partial economic efficiency was calculated using popular statistical models. We also took into account the initial clinical cases and calculated the full cost-effectiveness based on school practice for the prevention of dental diseases and dental education among parents and preschool children. The economic status was assessed using a checklist of consolidated reporting standards for health economic assessment. Thus, the economic efficiency and profitability in the prevention of dental diseases in preschool children are shown. Based on the data obtained, a direct relationship was revealed in the economic significance and frequency of occurrence of caries of baby teeth, as well as the profitability of prevention of caries and its complications.

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Is-it worth investing in NBS aiming at mitigating water risks? Insights from the economic assessment of NAIAD case studies

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22537 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Philippe Le Coent ◽

Cécile Herivaux ◽

Javier Calatrava ◽

Roxane Marchal ◽

David Mouncoulon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Case Studies ◽

Economic Efficiency ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Physical Models ◽

Valuation Methods ◽

The Cost

<p>The economic advantage of NBS solutions aiming at mitigating water-risk is widely put forward as an argument for their development. There is nevertheless limited scientific evidence to support this argument. This paper therefore elaborates a methodological framework for the economic assessment of NBS and presents its application to three NAIAD case studies (the Lez catchment, France; Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Brague catchment, France). Robust methods are particularly applied for the estimation of the benefits associated with NBS. Physical models coupled with damage estimation models are developed to estimate the avoided damages generated by NBS. A diversity of ecosystem service valuation methods are also applied to evaluate the monetary value of NBS co-benefits: contingent valuation (Brague), choice experiment (Lez) and direct valuation methods (Rotterdam). We estimate the cost of implementation and maintenance mainly through the transfer of values coming from studies in similar contexts. Proxies are used to estimate the opportunity costs associated with the development of NBS. Finally, these estimations are compiled in a cost-benefit indicator allowing the estimation of the economic efficiency of NBS strategies. The study confirms that the cost of implementation and maintenance of NBS strategies is lower than the cost of grey solutions for the same level of water risk management, emphasizing the better cost-effectiveness of these solutions. Benefits in terms of avoided damages are however not sufficient to cover investment and maintenance costs. The cost&#8211;effectiveness of NBS strategies, which are combinations of individual NBS measures, may be improved by combining cost effective individual NBS measures. There is indeed a very large heterogeneity of cost-effectiveness of individual NBS measures (cost/m<sup>3</sup> of water retention). Results also reveal that co-benefits represent the largest share of the value generated by NBS strategies. It is therefore of utmost importance that co-benefits are integrated in the economic valuation of NBS for them to be judged economically efficient. This conclusion must be taken into account in the elaboration of NBS funding strategies.There is finally no clear-cut conclusion on the overall economic efficiency of NBS throughout the case studies. Lez reveal a positive cost-benefit analysis, while Rotterdam and Brague cases do not. Results are therefore case-specific and confirm the importance to carry out thorough economic valuations of a diversity of strategies at each sites, including NBS, grey and hybrid solutions, in order to identify the most adequate strategy for water risk management and to address territorial challenges.</p>

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The role of educational and clinical prevention of dental diseases in older preschool children in a preschool

The Scientific Notes of the I P Pavlov St Petersburg State Medical University ◽

10.24884/1607-4181-2013-20-4-12-14 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 12-14

Author(s):

N. P. Vanchakova ◽

S. B. Ulitovsky ◽

I. V. Telnyuk ◽

A. Yu. Guliev

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Training Programs ◽

Speech Disorders ◽

Motor Tasks ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Dental Diseases ◽

Time Parameters ◽

Clinical Prevention ◽

Prevention Of Dental Diseases

A study of 19 preschool children (8 ofthem with speech disorders, 19 parents, 4 preschool teacher were to identify low hygienic knowledge and skills of parents and children. Children in violation of the formation of speech found in the playback lag motor tasks on the space-time parameters, broke a sequence of elements of action, lowered its component parts, the longer formulated phrase. What to consider when creating training programs for oral health.

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ESTIMATION OF TECHNICAL, SPECIALIZED AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATED POTATO VARIETIES USING DATA ENVELOPE ANALYSIS METHOD (DEA) IN IRAQ FOR SPRING LUG 2018

Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32649/ajas/2020/11 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 119-131

Keyword(s):

Technical Efficiency ◽

Economic Efficiency ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Economic Status ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Envelope Analysis ◽

Variable Capacity ◽

Data Envelope Analysis ◽

Using Data ◽

The Stability

Research highlights the importance of potato crop, which occupies a prominent food and economic status in food security besides rice, wheat and corn at the local and global level. Despite the expansion of the cultivation of potato crop in Iraq in general and Ameriyah district in particular However, potato productivity remains substandard, this may be due to a lack of knowledge of the most efficient varieties and not to use productive resources at the levels at which technical, specialized and economic efficiency is achieved. Therefore, the aim of the research is to determine the technical, specialized and economic efficiency according to the cultivated seed category. The data envelope analysis (DEA) method was used to estimate technical, specialized and economic efficiency, assuming constant and variable capacity returns. As a result of the study, the Safrana variety achieved the highest average technical efficiency according to the stability of the yield and capacity efficiency in addition to achieving the highest average specialized and economic efficiency, The Lapadia variety achieved the highest average technical efficiency, assuming that capacity returns have changed. Therefore, we recommend the adoption of items that achieve higher efficiency and the need to redistribute the elements of production better and Achieving the optimum levels at which technical, specialized and economic efficiency is achieved and saving what has been wasted.

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Treatment program for critical congenital heart defects in newborns and infants based on economic assessment and cost-effectiveness of medical care

The Bulletin of Bakoulev Center Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

10.24022/1810-0694-2017-18-3-278-288 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 278-288

Author(s):

M.R. Tumanyan ◽

V.V. Efremova ◽

D.O. Berishvily ◽

A.I. Kim ◽

O.V. Filaretova

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Medical Care ◽

Congenital Heart Defects ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Economic Assessment

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THE CONCEPT OF PERSONALIZED PREVENTION APPROACH TO THE PREVENTION OF DENTAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN

The Journal of scientific articles Health and Education millennium ◽

10.26787/nydha-2226-7425-2017-19-5-89-93 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

A.V. Sushchenko ◽

◽

O.P. Krasnikova ◽

E.A. Alferova ◽

O.I. Oleynik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Diseases ◽

Prevention Approach ◽

Prevention Of Dental Diseases

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Screening for Melanoma by Primary Health Care Physicians: A Cost—Effectiveness Analysis

Journal of Medical Screening ◽

10.1177/096914139600300112 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Afaf Girgis ◽

Philip Clarke ◽

Robert C Burton ◽

Rob W Sanson—Fisher

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Screening Programme ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Family Practitioners ◽

Effectiveness Analysis ◽

The Cost ◽

Primary Health Care Physicians ◽

Melanoma Screening

Background and design— Australia has the highest rates of skin cancer in the world, and the incidence is estimated to be doubling every 10 years. Despite advances in the early detection and treatment of melanoma about 800 people still die nationally of the disease each year. A possible strategy for further reducing the mortality from melanoma is an organised programme of population screening for unsuspected lesions in asymptomatic people. Arguments against introducing melanoma screening have been based on cost and the lack of reliable data on the efficacy of any screening tests. To date, however, there has been no systematic economic assessment of the cost effectiveness of melanoma screening. The purpose of this research was to determine whether screening may be potentially cost effective and, therefore, warrants further investigation. A computer was used to simulate the effects of a hypothetical melanoma screening programme that was in operation for 20 years, using cohorts of Australians aged 50 at the start of the programme. Based on this simulation, cost—effectiveness estimates of melanoma screening were calculated. Results— Under the standard assumptions used in the model, and setting the sensitivity of the screening test (visual inspection of the skin) at 60%, cost effectiveness ranged from Aust$6853 per life year saved for men if screening was undertaken five yearly to $12137 if screening was two yearly. For women, it ranged from $11 102 for five yearly screening to $20 877 for two yearly screening. Conclusion— The analysis suggests that a melanoma screening programme could be cost effective, particularly if five yearly screening is implemented by family practitioners for men over the age of 50.

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