FREQUENCY OF ORGAN-SPECIFIC AND NON ORGAN-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES IN THE ELDERLY

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inmaculada Alcalá Peña
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Organ Specific

Age and Sex Influence Thyroid Hormone Effects in Target Tissues with Organ-Specific Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (06/07) ◽  
pp. 469-472
Author(s):  
Helena Kerp ◽  
Janina Gassen ◽  
Dagmar Führer
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Sex Influence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hormone Effects ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractAge and sex impact prevalence and clinical features of thyroid disease. Thyroid dysfunction occurs with a higher frequency in elderly patients and females. Moreover, age alters clinical presentation of hyper- and hypothyroidism and onset of thyroid hormone (TH) related co-morbidities leading to increased risk for underdiagnosis and maltreatment in the elderly. Rodent models allow further insights into mechanisms of age- and sex-dependent TH action in target tissues. In this review, we summarize findings from mouse studies showing distinct effects of age and sex on systemic versus organ-specific TH action and discuss their wider implication for clinical care.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of obesity

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. J. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Organ Specific

The rapidly rising prevalence of obesity, worldwide, has prompted re-evaluations of the definitions and diagnostic criteria, and of the extent of the burden it contributes to health care services. Although categorized arbitrarily for epidemiological purposes according to BMI > 25 kg/m2 (‘overweight’) and BMI > 30 kg/m2 (‘obese’), the disease itself (ICD code E.66) is the process of excess fat accumulation. It leads to multiple organ-specific pathological consequences, particularly if there is a tendency to intra-abdominal fat accumulation. The simplest field method to identify obesity and risk of medical problems is the waist circumference, and this method has found a special role in health promotion. Risks begin with waist > 80 cm (women) or > 94 cm (men). As a broad generalization, obesity produces few symptoms below the age of 40 years, but then several symptoms often develop; tiredness, breathlessness, back pain, arthritis, sweatiness, poor sleeping, depression and menstrual disorders all being common. The symptoms are often attributed to diseases in other body systems. Metabolic diseases like diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and, hypertension develop later, but the mean BMI at diagnosis of diabetes is 28 kg/m2. Ultimately, obesity increases the likelihood of myocardial infarction, stroke and several major cancers, but its biggest impact on health, especially in the elderly, is probably the multiplicity of effects on other body systems. The greatest challenge for public health is to develop effective preventive measures, recognizing that BMI > 25 kg/m2 before the age of 20 years is a very strong predictor of obesity and ill health in adulthood.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of post-COVID syndrome following hospitalisation with coronavirus: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ayoubkhani ◽  
Kamlesh Khunti ◽  
Vahé Nafilyan ◽  
Thomas Maddox ◽  
Ben Humberstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Organ Specific

AbstractObjectivesThe epidemiology of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is currently undefined. We quantified rates of organ-specific impairment following recovery from COVID-19 hospitalisation compared with those in a matched control group, and how the rate ratio (RR) varies by age, sex, and ethnicity.DesignObservational, retrospective, matched cohort study.SettingNHS hospitals in England.Participants47,780 individuals (mean age 65 years, 55% male) in hospital with COVID-19 and discharged alive by 31 August 2020, matched to controls on demographic and clinical characteristics.Outcome measuresRates of hospital readmission, all-cause mortality, and diagnoses of respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney and liver diseases until 30 September 2020.ResultsMean follow-up time was 140 days for COVID-19 cases and 153 days for controls. 766 (95% confidence interval: 753 to 779) readmissions and 320 (312 to 328) deaths per 1,000 person-years were observed in COVID-19 cases, 3.5 (3.4 to 3.6) and 7.7 (7.2 to 8.3) times greater, respectively, than in controls. Rates of respiratory, diabetes and cardiovascular events were also significantly elevated in COVID-19 cases, at 770 (758 to 783), 127 (122 to 132) and 126 (121 to 131) events per 1,000 person-years, respectively. RRs were greater for individuals aged <70 than ≥ 70 years, and in ethnic minority groups than the White population, with the biggest differences observed for respiratory disease: 10.5 [9.7 to 11.4] for <70 years versus 4.6 [4.3 to 4.8] for ≥ 70 years, and 11.4 (9.8 to 13.3) for Non-White versus 5.2 (5.0 to 5.5) for White.ConclusionsIndividuals discharged from hospital following COVID-19 face elevated rates of multi-organ dysfunction compared with background levels, and the increase in risk is neither confined to the elderly nor uniform across ethnicities. The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of PCS require integrated rather than organ- or disease-specific approaches. Urgent research is required to establish risk factors for PCS.

Minimised closed circuit coronary artery bypass grafting in the elderly is associated with lower levels of organ-specific biomarkers

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim-Jan P. van Boven ◽  
Wim B. Gerritsen ◽  
Antoine H. Driessen ◽  
Erik P. van Dongen ◽  
Robert J. Klautz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Organ Specific

Cell surface changes during aging of human bladder epithelium examined by lectin probes and SEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 966-967
Author(s):  
J. Jacob ◽  
M.F.M. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Bladder Epithelium ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
Cell Surface Changes ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Surface Changes

Ultrastructural changes have been shown to occur in the urinary bladder epithelium (urothelium) during the life span of humans. With increasing age, the luminal surface becomes more flexible and develops simple microvilli-like processes. Furthermore, the specialised asymmetric structure of the luminal plasma membrane is relatively more prominent in the young than in the elderly. The nature of the changes at the luminal surface is now explored by lectin-mediated adsorption visualised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Samples of young adult (21-31 y old) and elderly (58-82 y old) urothelia were fixed in buffered 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 m and washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing Ca++ and Mg++ at room temperature. They were incubated overnight at 4°C in 0.1 M ammonium chloride in PBS to block any remaining aldehyde groups. The samples were then allowed to stand in PBS at 37°C for 2 h before incubation at 37°C for 30 m with lectins. The lectins used were concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) at a concentration of 500 mg/ml in PBS at pH 7.A.

The effect of dental geriatric curricula on attitudes toward the elderly

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 516-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mann ◽  
TJ Bomberg ◽  
JM Holtzman ◽  
DB Berkey
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly
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