COMPUTER MODEL OF CEREBRAL CIRCULATION- EFFECT OF ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY TRUNK AND BRANCH OCCLUSION ON FLOW

This article is a corrollary of a previously published anatomical study of the anterior cerebral artery. The authors propose a method to obtain a computer model of the anterior cerebral artery, based on a combined system of stereotaxic coordinates and a specially developed computer program. The graphic analysis, thus obtained, is projected on a model atlas brain and an ideal diagram of this anatomical structure is obtained. Forty anatomical specimens were used for this study.

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Fenestrated Anterior Cerebral Artery with Associated Arterial Anomalies

Interventional Neuroradiology ◽

10.1177/159101990801400410 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 441-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S.J. Dimmick ◽

K.C. Faulder

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Aneurysm ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Cerebral Circulation ◽

Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Case Reports ◽

Vascular Anomalies ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Aneurysm Formation ◽

Arterial Anomalies

Fenestration of the A2 segment is extremely rare. Cerebrovascular fenestration may be associated with an increased incidence of cerebral aneurysm and other vascular anomalies. Two case reports are presented which identify a fenestration of the A2 segment and other normal variations of the intra-cerebral circulation. A review of the literature has been undertaken to determine the prevalence and embryology of anterior cerebral artery fenestrations, their clinical significance and the association with aneurysm formation and other intracranial vascular anomalies.

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Human fetal medial striate artery or artery of Heubner

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2008.12.peds08258 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 296-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ljiljana Vasović ◽

Sladjana Ugrenović ◽

Ivan Jovanović

Keyword(s):

Middle Cerebral Artery ◽

Diagnostic Test ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Cerebral Circulation ◽

Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Test Results ◽

Terminal Part ◽

The Brain

Object The authors describe some of the features of the medial striate branch or recurrent artery of Heubner (RAH). This structure has indisputable functional, neurological, and neurosurgical significance, and originates from the A1 and/or A2 segments of the anterior cerebral artery. Methods Microdissection of 94 human fetal specimens was performed. The RAH was observed in 97.3% (single in 71.6%, double in 25.1%, and triple in 3.3%) of the cases. Its origin was from A2 in 42.3% of specimens, from the A1–A2 junction in 25.7%, and from A1 in 20%. Results Five types and 14 subtypes of the RAH were identified, determined based on vessel origin and number. In its course, the RAH gave 1–12 branches, and the terminal part most frequently penetrated into the brain through the anterior perforated substance at the level of the sphenoid segment of the middle cerebral artery. The specimens with a single RAH fenestration, abnormal double RAH anastomosis, and unusual RAH origin and relationship to the surrounding vessels represented new data. Conclusions The authors' observations of common anatomical variations in the number and origin of the RAH, as well as its abnormalities, may assist neuroradiologists in the interpretation of diagnostic test results and neurosurgeons in performing procedures in the anterior cerebral circulation.

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Anterior Cerebral Artery Stroke: Role of Collateral Systems on Infarct Topography

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.032867 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tharani Thirugnanachandran ◽

Richard Beare ◽

Melissa Mitchell ◽

Chloe Wong ◽

Jason Vuong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Artery ◽

Computer Model ◽

Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Anterior Communicating Artery ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Vessel Occlusion ◽

Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Background and Purpose: The circle of Willis (CoW) and leptomeningeal anastomoses play an important role in transforming infarct topography following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Their role in infarct topography following anterior cerebral artery occlusion is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the CoW and leptomeningeal anastomoses in modifying regional variation in infarct topography following occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery and its branches. Methods: Perfusion and magnetic resonance imaging of patients with anterior cerebral artery stroke and evidence of vessel occlusion were segmented and manually registered to standard brain template for voxel-wise comparison. Next, a computer model of the cerebral arteries was formulated as network of nodes connected by cylindrical pipes. The experiments included occlusion of successive branches of the anterior cerebral artery while the configurations of the CoW were varied. Results: Forty-seven patients with a median age of 77.5 years (interquartile range, 68.0–84.5 years) were studied. The regions with the highest probabilities of infarction were the superior frontal gyrus (probability =0.26) and anterior cingulate gyrus (probability =0.24). The regions around the posterior cingulate gyrus (probability =0.08), paracentral lobule (probability =0.05), precuneus and superior parietal lobule (probability =0.03) had a low probability of infarction. Following occlusions distal to the anterior communicating artery, the computer model demonstrated an increase in flow (>30%) in neighboring cortical arteries with leptomeningeal anastomoses. Conclusions: Traditionally the CoW has been regarded as the primary collateral system. However, our computer model shows that the CoW is only helpful in redirecting flow following proximal vessel occlusions (pre-anterior communicating artery). More important are leptomeningeal anastomoses, which play an essential role in distal vessel occlusions, influencing motor outcome by modifying the posterolateral extent of infarct topography.

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