Evaluation of virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility of different Candida species isolated from the female camel (Camelus dromedarius) genital tract.

Background and Objectives: Cutaneous candidiasis is a multipicture fungal infection caused by members of the genus Candida which is considered as a public health problem all over the world with urgency of effective treatment and control. This study was performed to analyze the clinical epidemiology and molecular aspects of cutaneous candidiasis in Tehran-Iran in relation to antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of etiologic Candida species. Materials and Methods: Candida species were isolated from skin (27.3%) and nail scrapings (72.7%) of suspected patients and identified by ITS sequencing. Phylogeny of the isolates was evaluated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of the isolates were determined in relation to clinical presentation. Results: Candida albicans was the most prevalent species (39.8%), followed by C. parapsilosis (32.9%), C. orthopsilosis (10.4%), C. tropicalis (7.9%), C. glabrata and C. guilliermondii, each (4.5%). Molecular typing of 35 C. albicans isolates by MLST revealed 28 novel sequence types with 11 singletons with 80.0% new diploid sequence types (DSTs). Majority of the isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B (91.5%), followed by posaconazole (90.3%), fluconazole (84.3%), itraconazole (74.1%), caspofungin (53.6%), and voriconazole (26.8%). Biofilm formation, yeast-to-hyphae transformation and phospho- lipase activity were reported species-dependent. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated clinical epidemiology of various Candida species from cutaneous candidiasis dis- tributed in new molecular types with increasing importance of drug resistant of non-albicans Candida species. Our results showed that drug susceptibility and genetic variability of Candida species may be attributed to their clinical features and source of isolation.

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Prevalence of virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species isolated from clinical specimens

Indian Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.18231/2394-5478.2018.0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 106-109

Keyword(s):

Virulence Factors ◽

Candida Species ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽

Clinical Specimens

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Virulence Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility in Candida Species Isolated from Dermatomycosis Patients

Mycopathologia ◽

10.1007/s11046-020-00509-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 186 (1) ◽

pp. 71-80

Author(s):

Victor Galvão Mello ◽

Heloisa Escudeiro ◽

Ana Carolina Villas Bôas Weckwerth ◽

Maria Izilda Andrade ◽

Ana Elisa Fusaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virulence Factors ◽

Candida Species ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility

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Candiduria—Study of Virulence Factors and Its Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern in Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730880 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Subramanian Pramodhini ◽

Sreenivasan Srirangaraj ◽

Joshy Maducolil Easow

Keyword(s):

Amphotericin B ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Candida Species ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Test Method ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Urinary Isolates

Abstract Background The increased incidence of candiduria in hospitalized patients is due to the use of indwelling devices, long-term antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, and immunocompromised status of the patient. In this study, an attempt was made to speciate, characterize, and determine the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs). Materials and Methods A total of 70 Candida isolates were obtained from urine samples. The isolated Candida species were studied for the production of virulence factors like phospholipase, protease activities, hemolysin, and biofilm production. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolated yeasts was done using Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 0.5 mg/mL methylene blue by E-test method for amphotericin B, fluconazole, caspofungin, and voriconazole. Results Out of 70 isolates, Candida tropicalis was the most frequently isolated species (65.7%), followed by Candida albicans (14.3%), Candida glabrata (7.1%), Candida krusei (5.7%), Candida parapsilosis (4.3%), and Candida dubliniensis (2.9%). A total of 37.1% were biofilm producers, 62.9% showed proteinase activity, 38.6% were phospholipase positive, and 58.6% isolates showed hemolytic activity. Antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species showed 38.6, 25.7, 15.7, and 12.9% resistance to amphotericin B, fluconazole, caspofungin, and voriconazole, respectively. Conclusion A rising trend in isolation of non-albicans Candida from urinary isolates was noticed, which was statistically significant when comparing catheterized and noncatheterized urinary isolates from our study. However, there was no statistically significant difference when different virulence factor expressions were compared among Candida spp. isolated from catheterized and noncatheterized urinary samples. Due to this rise in non-albicans Candida species causing UTI that are intrinsically resistant to certain antifungal agents like azoles and increasing incidence of antifungal resistance, it is essential to monitor the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species causing candiduria.

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