scholarly journals Binding Ability Studies of Arginine, Citrulline, N-Acetyl Citrulline and Thiocitrulline with SARS Cov-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Thimmasandra Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Preferential Binding

<p><b>To</b></p> <p><b>Editor in Chief</b></p> <p><b>Chemarxiv</b><b></b></p> <p> </p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Subject</b>: submission of preprint of an article to ChemRxiv on molecular docking studies of arginine and its structural analogues on COV-19 for publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>I am herewith submitting the preprint of an article entitled “<b>Binding ability studies of arginine, citrulline, N-acetyl citrulline and thiocitrulline with SARS Cov-2 main protease using molecular docking studies.</b>” for publication as preprint in “ChemRxiv”.</p> <p>In this paper the binding abilities of arginine, citrulline, N-acetyl citrulline and thiocitrulline with SARS-COV-2 protease have been examined using molecular docking studies. The ligands used for docking has moderate binding affinity to active sites of main protease in terms of values. The binding affinities of these ligands are in the range of -3.1 to -5.1 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>. All the ligands bind selectively to Cys-145 and also to other amino acids surrounding to it in the main protease. Of which arginine forms less number of weaker bonds compared to the other ligands, it by itself is a precursor for the formation of citrulline analogues with in the cell. Major advantage of using the above ligands is that in addition to its preferential binding these molecules also have the ability to enhance the immunity of the cells by the generation of nitric oxide in presence of enzymes thereby protecting them. Our results show that N-acetyl citrulline, citrulline, thiocitrulline and arginine may be used as a supplement during the treatment of SARS-COV-2.</p> <p> I request your good self to kindly accept the article and get it published as pre-print in your esteemed ChemRxiv. </p> <p>Thanking you</p> <p> </p> <p>With regards</p> <p> </p> <p>Ramesh T N</p> <p>([email protected])</p>

scholarly journals Binding Ability Studies of Arginine, Citrulline, N-Acetyl Citrulline and Thiocitrulline with SARS Cov-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Thimmasandra Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Preferential Binding

<p><b>To</b></p> <p><b>Editor in Chief</b></p> <p><b>Chemarxiv</b><b></b></p> <p> </p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Subject</b>: submission of preprint of an article to ChemRxiv on molecular docking studies of arginine and its structural analogues on COV-19 for publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>I am herewith submitting the preprint of an article entitled “<b>Binding ability studies of arginine, citrulline, N-acetyl citrulline and thiocitrulline with SARS Cov-2 main protease using molecular docking studies.</b>” for publication as preprint in “ChemRxiv”.</p> <p>In this paper the binding abilities of arginine, citrulline, N-acetyl citrulline and thiocitrulline with SARS-COV-2 protease have been examined using molecular docking studies. The ligands used for docking has moderate binding affinity to active sites of main protease in terms of values. The binding affinities of these ligands are in the range of -3.1 to -5.1 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>. All the ligands bind selectively to Cys-145 and also to other amino acids surrounding to it in the main protease. Of which arginine forms less number of weaker bonds compared to the other ligands, it by itself is a precursor for the formation of citrulline analogues with in the cell. Major advantage of using the above ligands is that in addition to its preferential binding these molecules also have the ability to enhance the immunity of the cells by the generation of nitric oxide in presence of enzymes thereby protecting them. Our results show that N-acetyl citrulline, citrulline, thiocitrulline and arginine may be used as a supplement during the treatment of SARS-COV-2.</p> <p> I request your good self to kindly accept the article and get it published as pre-print in your esteemed ChemRxiv. </p> <p>Thanking you</p> <p> </p> <p>With regards</p> <p> </p> <p>Ramesh T N</p> <p>([email protected])</p>

scholarly journals Molecular Docking Studies of N-Acetyl Cysteine, Zinc Acetyl Cysteine and Niclosamide on SARS Cov 2 Protease and Its Comparison with Hydroxychloroquine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopa Guthappa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine

<p><b>To</b></p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p>Chemarxiv</p> <p> </p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Sub</b>: submission of preprint of article to Chemarxiv for online publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>I am herewith submitting the preprint of an article entitled “Molecular docking studies of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc acetyl cysteine and niclosamide on SARS Cov 2 protease and its comparison with hydroxychloroquine” for possible publication in “Chemarxiv”.</p> <p> </p> <p>In this article, we have evaluated the binding abilities of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc acetyl cysteine and niclosamide (antiviral drug) with SARS-COV-2 protease. All the four compounds investigated are effective and selectively bind to active sites of main protease. N-acetyl cysteine being a derivative of cysteine interacts with Cys-145, His-163, Gly-143 of COV-2 protease, zinc acetyl cysteine binds to Gly-143, Ser-144, Cys-145, Glu-166 of COV-2 protease and niclosamide bind to Glu-166, Cys-145, His 41 of main protease. The data has been compared with hydroxychloroquine which effectively binds to Cys-145, Glu-166, Arg-188. The binding affinities of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc-acetyl cysteine and niclosamide are -4.24, -4.29 and -7.5 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> while for hydroxychloroquine it is -6.66 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>. Niclosamide with its lowest binding energy interacts with His-41 and Cys-145 which may be the first molecule to show such binding interaction. The results indicate that N-acetyl cysteine, zinc-acetyl cysteine and niclosamide can also be explored for the treatment for SARS COV-2 as an alternative for hydroxychloroquine.</p> <p>I hope that the manuscript will full fill the journal’s requirements and will get accepted for publication. </p> <p>Thanking you</p> <p> </p> <p>With regards</p> <p>Roopa Guthappa</p> <p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p>

scholarly journals Molecular Docking Studies of N-Acetyl Cysteine, Zinc Acetyl Cysteine and Niclosamide on SARS Cov 2 Protease and Its Comparison with Hydroxychloroquine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopa Guthappa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine

<p><b>To</b></p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p>Chemarxiv</p> <p> </p> <p><b>Respected Sir/Madam</b> </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Sub</b>: submission of preprint of article to Chemarxiv for online publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>I am herewith submitting the preprint of an article entitled “Molecular docking studies of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc acetyl cysteine and niclosamide on SARS Cov 2 protease and its comparison with hydroxychloroquine” for possible publication in “Chemarxiv”.</p> <p> </p> <p>In this article, we have evaluated the binding abilities of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc acetyl cysteine and niclosamide (antiviral drug) with SARS-COV-2 protease. All the four compounds investigated are effective and selectively bind to active sites of main protease. N-acetyl cysteine being a derivative of cysteine interacts with Cys-145, His-163, Gly-143 of COV-2 protease, zinc acetyl cysteine binds to Gly-143, Ser-144, Cys-145, Glu-166 of COV-2 protease and niclosamide bind to Glu-166, Cys-145, His 41 of main protease. The data has been compared with hydroxychloroquine which effectively binds to Cys-145, Glu-166, Arg-188. The binding affinities of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc-acetyl cysteine and niclosamide are -4.24, -4.29 and -7.5 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> while for hydroxychloroquine it is -6.66 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>. Niclosamide with its lowest binding energy interacts with His-41 and Cys-145 which may be the first molecule to show such binding interaction. The results indicate that N-acetyl cysteine, zinc-acetyl cysteine and niclosamide can also be explored for the treatment for SARS COV-2 as an alternative for hydroxychloroquine.</p> <p>I hope that the manuscript will full fill the journal’s requirements and will get accepted for publication. </p> <p>Thanking you</p> <p> </p> <p>With regards</p> <p>Roopa Guthappa</p> <p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p>

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and molecular docking studies of novel chalcones and Schiff bases bearing 1, 4-naphthoquinone moiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Ali Ahmed Elkanzi ◽  
Hajer Hrichi ◽  
Rania B. Bakr
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Chemical Structures

Background: The 1,4-naphthoquinone ring has attracted prominent interest in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its potent pharmacological activity as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer. Objective: Herein, a series of new Schiff bases (4-6) and chalcones (8a-c & 9a-d) bearing 1,4-naphthoquinone moiety were synthesized in good yields and were subjected to in-vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and molecular docking testing. Methods: A facile protocol has been described in this study for the synthesis of new derivatives (4-7, 8a-c, and 9a-d) bearing 1,4-naphthoquinone moiety. The chemical structures of all the synthesized compounds were identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. Moreover, these derivatives were assessed for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, and fungal strains. Further studies were conducted to test their antioxidant activity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay. Molecular docking studies were realized to identify the most likely interactions of the novel compounds within the protein receptor. Results: The antimicrobial results showed that most of the compounds displayed good efficacy against both bacterial and fungal strains. The antioxidant study revealed that compounds 9d, 9a, 9b, 8c, and 6 exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity. Docking studies of the most active antimicrobial compounds within GLN- 6-P, recorded good scores with several binding interactions with the active sites. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it was found that compounds 8b, 9b, and 9c displayed the highest activity against both bacterial and fungal strains. The obtained findings from the DPPH radical scavenging method revealed that compounds 9d and 9a exhibited the strongest scavenging potential. The molecular docking studies proved that the most active antimicrobial compounds 8b, 9b and 9c displayed the highest energy binding scores within the glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlcN-6-P) active site.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Screening, ADME and Molecular Docking Studies of 2-Phenyl Quinoline-4-Carboxamide Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Raghurama Shetty ◽  
G. Shivaraja ◽  
G. Krishnaswamy ◽  
K. Pruthviraj ◽  
Vivek Chandra Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
In Vitro Investigation

In this work, some 2-phenyl quinoline-4-carboxamide derivatives (5a-j) were synthesized via base catalyzed Pfitzinger reaction of isatin and acetophenone followed by C-N coupling reaction using POCl3 and assessed them for their in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The structure of newly synthesized compound were established by FT-IR, 1H & 13C NMR and Mass spectrometric analysis. The synthesized carboxamides were subjected to preliminary in vitro antibacterial activity as well as for antifungal activity. Results of antibacterial activity were compared with standard antibacterial (ciprofloxocin) and antifungal (fluconozole). Among the tested compounds, 5d, 5f and 5h exhibited promising activity with zone of inhibition ranging from 10 to 25 mm. Further, the anticancer activity determined using MTT assay against two cancer cell lines. Compounds 5b, 5d, 5f and 5h showed good anticancer activity among all the other derivatives. In order to correlate the in vitro results, in silico ADME and Molecular docking studies were carried out for (5a-j). ADME properties results showed that all the compounds obey rule of Five rule except 5a, 5e and 5g compound. Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds showed good binding affinity through hydrogen bond interactions with key residues on active sites as well as neighboring residues within the active site of chosen target proteins viz. antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer. Comparison of both results of in silico as well as in vitro investigation suggests that the synthesized compounds may act as potential antimicrobial as well as anticancer agents.

Screening of Kabasura Kudineer Chooranam against COVID-19 through Targeting of Main Protease and RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 by Molecular Docking Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
K. Gopalasatheeskumar ◽  
Karthikeyen Lakshmanan ◽  
Anguraj Moulishankar ◽  
Jerad Suresh ◽  
D. Kumuthaveni Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Short Span ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

COVID-19 is the infectious pandemic disease caused by the novel coronavirus. The COVID-19 is spread globally in a short span of time. The Ministry of AYUSH, India which promotes Siddha and other Indian system of medicine recommends the use of formulation like Nilavembu Kudineer and Kaba Sura Kudineer Chooranam (KSKC). The present work seeks to provide the evidence for the action of 74 different constituents of the KSKC formulation acting on two critical targets. That is main protease and SARS-CoV-2 RNAdependent RNA polymerase target through molecular docking studies. The molecular docking was done by using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 of the 74 compounds, about 50 compounds yielded docking results against COVID-19 main protease while 42 compounds yielded against SARSCoV- 2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This research has concluded that the KSKC has the lead molecules that inhibits COVID-19’s target of main protease of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES ON SCREENING AND ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED BIOFLAVONOIDS AS POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF COVID-19 MAIN PROTEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
SHAILENDRA SANJAY SURYAWANSHI ◽  
POOJA BHAVAKANA JAYANNACHE ◽  
RAJKUMAR SANJAY PATIL ◽  
PALLED MS ◽  
ALEGAON SG
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies ◽  
Discovery Studio ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Potential Inhibitors ◽  
Binding Energy Calculations ◽  
Native Ligand

Objectives: The objective of the study was to screen and assess the selected bioactive bioflavonoids in medicinal plants as potential coronaviruses (CoV) main protease (Mpro) inhibitors using molecular docking studies. Methods: We have investigated several bioflavonoids which include apigenin, galangin, glycitein, luteolin, morin, naringin, resveratrol, and rutin. Nelfinavir and lopinavir were used as standard antiviral drugs for comparison. Mpro was docked with selected compounds using PyRx 0.8 and docking was analyzed by PyRx 0.8 and Biovia Discovery Studio 2019. Results: The binding energies obtained from the docking of 6LU7 with native ligand, nelfinavir, lopinavir, apigenin, galangin, glycitein, luteolin, morin, naringin, resveratrol, and rutin were found to be −7.4, −8.3, −8.0, −7.8, −7.3, −7, −7.4, −7.6, −7.8, −6.9, and −9 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: From the binding energy calculations, we can conclude that nelfinavir and lopinavir may represent potential treatment options and apigenin, galangin, glycitein, luteolin, morin, naringin, resveratrol, and rutin found to possess the best inhibitors of CoV disease-19 main protease.

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