Structural Macrokinetics of Biomimetic Processes in Artificial Cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gradov ◽  
Margaret Gradova
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dynamic Membranes ◽  
Diffusion Mechanisms ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Metabolic Phenomena

It is known that all cytophysiological processes occur on the cell ultrastructure, which is a heterogeneous (heterophase) medium. So the kinetics of metabolic processes should be considered as a structural macrokinetics of this partially ordered medium (soft matter). Our model reproduces the structural-macrokinetic aspect of a number of metabolic phenomena, based on the physico-chemical analogies with the biological cell. Thus, the semipermeability of bioorganic membranes is simulated by semiconductive polymer inorganic dynamic membranes, exergonic chemoosmotic redox processes are equivalent to cellular respiration, biomimetic self-oscillating reactions are analogues of oscillatory metabolic processes and finally the structure formation in these models is also provided by reaction-diffusion mechanisms.

scholarly journals Structural Macrokinetics of Biomimetic Processes in Artificial Cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gradov ◽  
Margaret Gradova
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dynamic Membranes ◽  
Diffusion Mechanisms ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Metabolic Phenomena

It is known that all cytophysiological processes occur on the cell ultrastructure, which is a heterogeneous (heterophase) medium. So the kinetics of metabolic processes should be considered as a structural macrokinetics of this partially ordered medium (soft matter). Our model reproduces the structural-macrokinetic aspect of a number of metabolic phenomena, based on the physico-chemical analogies with the biological cell. Thus, the semipermeability of bioorganic membranes is simulated by semiconductive polymer inorganic dynamic membranes, exergonic chemoosmotic redox processes are equivalent to cellular respiration, biomimetic self-oscillating reactions are analogues of oscillatory metabolic processes and finally the structure formation in these models is also provided by reaction-diffusion mechanisms.

The effect of heterotrophic yield on the assessment of the correction factor for anoxic growth

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Orhon ◽  
S. Sözen ◽  
N. Artan
Keyword(s):  
Correction Factor ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Heterotrophic Growth ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Systems Modelling ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Very High

For single-sludge denitrification systems, modelling of anoxic reactors currently uses the kinetics of aerobic heterotrophic growth together with a correction factor for anoxic conditions. This coefficient is computed on the basis of respirometric measurements with the assumption that the heterotrophic yield remains the same under aerobic and anoxic coditions. The paper provides the conceptual proof that the yield coefficient is significantly lower for the anoxic growth on the basis of the energetics of the related metabolic processes. This is used for the interpretation of the very high values for the correction factor experimentally determined for a number of industrial wastewaters. A default value for the anoxic heterotrophic yield coefficient is calculated for domestic sewage and compatible wastewaters and proposed for similar evaluations.

The effect of origin and physico-chemical properties on the kinetics of reduction of mixed NiO-Fe2O3 oxides with hydrogen

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 2098-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Pospíšil ◽  
Jan Topinka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Annealing ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Reduction

We investigated the effect of origin and some physico-chemical parameters on the kinetics of reduction with hydrogen of two series of mixed NiO-Fe2O3 oxides differing by their composition, the character of their precursors (mixed crystalline nitrates and coprecipitated hydroxides) and their decomposition temperature.This effect manifested itself by different magnitudes of specific surfaces of the mixed oxides and coherent regions of present phases as well as by different oxidizing abilities of the surface and differences in morphology and phase composition of corresponding samples in both series investigated. Nonlinear or nonmonotonous composition dependences of physico-chemical parameters investigated point to a mutual influence of individual components, which is also a function of the system origin and which modifies its reactivity during its reduction with hydrogen. The kinetics of the reduction was studied thermogravimetrically at 320-410 °C. The reduction of oxides of the hydroxide origin is catalytically accelerated by primarily reduced nickel, whereas in corresponding samples of the nitrate series, the total NiO is bound to the spinel phase and the reduction is delayed. Experimental IR spectra, the effect of preliminary annealing and DTA of the mixed oxides point to an inhibitory effect of water, which is constitutionally bound in trace admixtures of the goethite phase, on the kinetics of reduction of samples in the hydroxide series.

INHOMOGENEOUS LARGE DEFORMATION KINETICS OF POLYMERIC GELS

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350001 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM TOH ◽  
ZISHUN LIU ◽  
TENG YONG NG ◽  
WEI HONG
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Deformation Kinetics ◽  
Polymeric Gels ◽  
Kinetics Of

This work examines the dynamics of nonlinear large deformation of polymeric gels, and the kinetics of gel deformation is carried out through the coupling of existing hyperelastic theory for gels with kinetic laws for diffusion of small molecules. As finite element (FE) models for the transient swelling process is not available in commercial FE software, we develop a customized FE model/methodology which can be used to simulate the transient swelling process of hydrogels. The method is based on the similarity between diffusion and heat transfer laws by determining the equivalent thermal properties for gel kinetics. Several numerical examples are investigated to explore the capabilities of the present FE model, namely: a cube to study free swelling; one-dimensional constrained swelling; a rectangular block fixed to a rigid substrate to study swelling under external constraints; and a thin annulus fixed at the inner core to study buckling phenomena. The simulation results for the constrained block and one-dimensional constrained swelling are compared with available experimental data, and these comparisons show a good degree of similarity. In addition to this work providing a valuable tool to researchers for the study of gel kinetic deformation in the various applications of soft matter, we also hope to inspire works to adopt this simplified approach, in particular to kinetic studies of diffusion-driven mechanisms.

Determining the Kinetics of Asphaltene Adsorption from Toluene: A New Reaction–Diffusion Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 9101-9116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Campen ◽  
Luca di Mare ◽  
Benjamin Smith ◽  
Janet S. S. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Model ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Сitric acid influence on electroreduction processes in low concentrated Cu(NO3)2 solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Alla Pravda ◽  
Vasil Larin
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Copper Electrodeposition ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Cathode Reduction

Physico-chemical regularities citric acid influence on processes of copper and nitrate-ions reduction in low concentrated nitrate solutions were established. An influence of pH value on inhibitor action of low concentrations of the additive according to cathode reduction reaction of nitrate-ions, on kinetics of copper electrodeposition, on structure of the precipitates obtained was shown. Polarization measurements show us changes of copper electrodeposition at introduction of citric acid in Cu(NO3)2 solution. By the methods of traced elements and extraction into aqueous phase the reversible inclusion complexes into electrolytic copper, was established that proves participation of complexes in cathode process.

scholarly journals Correction: Barrier kinetics of adsorption–desorption of alcohol monolayers on water under constant surface tension

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1890-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Minkov ◽  
Dimitrinka Arabadzhieva ◽  
Ibrahim E. Salama ◽  
Elena Mileva ◽  
Radomir I. Slavchov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Alcohol Monolayers ◽  
Kinetics Of

Correction for ‘Barrier kinetics of adsorption–desorption of alcohol monolayers on water under constant surface tension’ by Ivan L. Minkov et al., Soft Matter, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02076k.

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