Malignant neoplasm of the bronchi and lung: Russian clinical guidelines

Lung cancer has the highest morbidity rate among all malignant tumors in men and the highest mortality rate in men and women in Russia. In total, 49 145 new cases of lung cancer were registered (diagnosed) in Russia in 2019. The majority of cases are related to exogenic carcinogens and mainly tobacco smoke. For several decades surgical resection with preoperative cytotoxic therapy was an optimal approach for maximal cure rate. This year recommendations were updated with new strategies including adjuvant anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab following completion of chemotherapy in PD-L1 positive patients and osimertinib for EGFR mutated cases. For this moment available data suggest the increase in disease free survival. Strategic approach to treatment for inoperable patients varies according to the status of driver mutations. New approach includes pretreatment option of testing for a wide spectrum of alterations with NGS based panels. Significant changes were incorporated into treatment of ALK mutated NSCLC with two new options of brigatinib for TKI naive patients and lorlatinib for those who progress on second generation drugs. Treatment strategy for patients without activating mutations is based on PD-L1 status. Tsis year recommendations included atezolizumab as a new monotherapy option for patients with high depression of PD-L1. Also treatment options for pembrolizumab, nivolumab and atezolizimab were widened with prolonged treatment schedules.

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Perspectives of stereotactic radiotherapy in primary and oligo-metastatic pulmonary tumors

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2021-67-3-323-331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 323-331

Author(s):

Andrey Arseniev ◽

Sergey Novikov ◽

Sergey Kanaev ◽

Anton Barchuk ◽

Filipp Antipov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Early Stage ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Lung Cancer Screening ◽

High Dose ◽

Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽

Stereotactic Radiation ◽

Pulmonary Tumors

Lung cancer (LC) is a common malignant neoplasm (MN) with high lethality, often detected at late stages. The implementation of lung cancer screening can change the ratio in favor of the early stages. Screening could help diagnose early-stage LC in 60% of patients. Multiple primary LCs occur in 4–10% of patients within five years after treatment. The presence of oligo-metastatic disease only in the lungs (up to 5 nodules) occurs in 6-40% of patients with malignant tumors, and complete resection could increase 5-year survival to 20-40%. Due to functional limitations, surgical treatment can be performed only in 65-70% of patients. Stereotactic radiation therapy gives an opportunity to accurately deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor with minimal damage to the surrounding healthy tissues. Local control is possible in 85–95% of cases, and 3-year overall survival is about 60–80%. New algorithms for fractionation and dose determination (BED10 ≥ 100 Gy) could improve the treatment results for early-stage lung cancer and oligometastatic lesions. In this non-systematic review, we analyze a recent publication and our own experience. We consider the effectiveness and safety of stereotactic radiotherapy and planning, modeling, fractionation, dose restrictions on critical organs, radiation reactions, and adverse events. We conclude that randomized controlled trials can reveal the stereotactic radiation therapy's potential in patients with primary and oligo-metastatic pulmonary tumors.

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The predictive value of lncRNA MIR31HG expression on clinical outcomes in patients with solid malignant tumors

10.21203/rs.2.22773/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Tu ◽

Xiaolei Ren ◽

Jieyu He ◽

Shuangqing Li ◽

Lin Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Tumor Stage ◽

Advanced Tumor Stage ◽

Advanced Tumor ◽

Tcga Dataset

Abstract Background Emerging studies have explored the prognostic value of MIR31HG in cancers, but its role remains elusive. Herein, we aimed to summarize the prognostic potential of MIR31HG in this study. Methods Several databases were searched for literature retrieval on Dec 5, 2019. Overall and subgroup analyses were conducted to measure the relationship between MIR31HG expression and clinical outcomes. Moreover, GEPIA was applied for validation of prognostic value of MIR31HG in tumor patients in TCGA dataset. Results Overall, seventeen studies with 2,573 patients were enrolled. Compared to counterparts, those patients with high MIR31HG expression tended to have shorter RFS. Notably, MIR31HG overexpression predicted unfavorable OS in lung cancer. By contrast, gastrointestinal cancer patients with elevated MIR31HG expression predicted better OS and disease-free survival. Additionally, MIR31HG overexpression was significantly associated with worse clinicopathological features including advanced tumor stage and LNM in lung cancer, but favorable clinical characteristics in gastrointestinal cancer. Moreover, the positive association between MIR31HG and OS in lung cancer was further confirmed in TCGA dataset. Conclusion Overexpression of MIR31HG suggested remarkable association with poor prognosis in terms of OS, tumor stage, and LNM in lung cancer, but favorable prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, MIR31HG may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in multiple cancers.

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Impact of COVID-19 on delay in cancer diagnostic testing.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e18786-e18786

Author(s):

Anna Juncker-Jensen ◽

Corine K. Lau ◽

Manan Shah ◽

Lawrence Martin Weiss ◽

Eve Shinbrot

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Diagnostic Testing ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Test Volume ◽

Cancer Diagnostic ◽

The Us ◽

Cancer Types

e18786 Background: Early diagnosis is key to the best treatment options and possible outcomes for cancer patients. However, the COVID19 pandemic has put a heavy burden on the US healthcare system, causing hospitals and medical centers to stop or delay routine cancer screenings such as mammograms, pap tests, colonoscopies, CT scans and PSA assays. Subsequently, cancer diagnostic testing and cancer patient care have also been disrupted. Methods: To determine the extent of cancer diagnostic testing that was impacted during the COVID 19 pandemic in 2020, we analyzed the changes in cancer test volume at NeoGenomics Laboratories Inc. between 2019 and 2020, and especially between March and June 2020. Unique patient test counts were categorized by cancer types as determined by the diagnostic ICD 10 code C00-D49 (with a minimum of 100 tests in 2019). Results: Comparing test volumes in 2020 to 2019, an overall decrease in tests ordered in 2020 was seen for multiple cancers. These cancers include malignant neoplasms of breast (16%) and malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lung (19%), followed by malignant neoplasm of colon, polycythemia vera, and Hodgkin lymphoma. In addition, a decrease in benign cancers, and decreases in benign neoplasm of colon, rectum, anus and anal canal was observed. To determine if the US stay-at-home order implemented between March and early June 2020 had affected test volume, month-to-month comparison shows the greatest impact in test volume in malignant neoplasm of breast: a 28% decrease comparing April 2020 to April 2019, and a 32% decrease comparing May 2020 to May 2019. Similarly, a 24% and 33% decrease were seen in malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lung for the same months. Individual tests specific for breast and lung cancer also showed similar decreases: 49-56% decrease for Breast Triple Stain (CK5 + p63 + CK 8/18), 11-41% decrease for ER test, and up to 39% decrease for HER2 diagnostic tests. Tests for ALK fusions for lung cancer showed decreases in test volume ranging from 15% to 30% during April, May and June 2020 as compared to 2019. Interestingly, we found that the total test volumes for each age group (increments of 10 up to age 80) decreased April and May 2020 as well, compared to April and May 2019. We did not see a difference in test volume decreases based on patient gender. Conclusions: There was a decrease in cancer tests ordered during the pandemic in 2020 for most cancer types, with a large decrease found in breast, lung and colon cancer. The sharp decrease in breast cancer tests is important to note as breast cancer has recently been identified as the most diagnosed form of cancer, surpassing lung cancer. This impact in cancer testing may translate to delayed diagnosis and treatment options. It remains to be seen whether this will lead to more aggressive cancer treatments, or to a greater patient mortality. It is imperative that we continue to monitor and screen patients for cancer as the pandemic continues or during any healthcare crisis in the future.

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Tobacco addiction and economic efficiency of treating tobacco addiction in patients of the Krasnoyarsk regional oncological dispensary

Russian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.18821/1028-9984-2016-21-3-140-145 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 140-145

Author(s):

Olga Yu. Kutumova ◽

L. I Kononova ◽

A. V Shulmin ◽

E. A Dobretsova ◽

K. M Korotkova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Survey Method ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Group Data ◽

Tobacco Addiction ◽

Oncological Diseases ◽

The One ◽

Population Attributable Risks ◽

Continue Smoking

Smoking tobacco was proved to be the one of the most critical risk factors contributing to the development of malignant neoplasm in the respiratory system. In 2015, lung cancer morbidity rate and the threat in the Krasnoyarsk Region were 1,3 times higher for men and 1,5 times higher for women in comparison to standardized figures per hundred thousand of population in Russia. The economic expenditures associated with diagnostics and treatment of such patients are enormous. That is why the significance of studies in this area is beyond doubt. The goals of this work is the study of the prevalence rate as well as duration and frequency of smoking among patients of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Oncologic Dispensary, calculation of relative and population attributable risks of oncological diseases development and estimation of the economic expenditures associated with smoking in the studied group. Data were collected by using of the questionnaire survey method. 389 patients of the oncologic dispensary were questioned. The data obtained were processed statistically. Relative and population attributable risks were calculated with the help of the corresponding formulas. Data analysis shows that the half (49.9%) ofpatients of the oncologic dispensary have either never smoked, 30% do not smoke now but used to smoke in the past and 20.1% continue smoking. Patients dispensary (65.9% in men and 87.7% - in women). About the half of the patients (41.6%) smoke 11-20 cigarettes a day. Calculations of the population attributable risks show that smoking is the cause of 21.3% of oncological disease incidences, of which lung cancer accounts for 73.7%. The total expenses for health system connected with smoking in oncological diseases in a year made 140 million 527 thousand rubles. These are the expenses that would not have been incurred if there were no impact of the risk factor.

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Progress in anti-HER2 targeted therapy of metastatic lung cancer

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127103074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 271 ◽

pp. 03074

Author(s):

Xian Xiao ◽

Yingjie Jia

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Research Progress ◽

Metastatic Lung Cancer ◽

High Incidence ◽

Metastatic Lung ◽

High Incidence Rate

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and one of the main causes of cancer death. In lung cancer, metastatic stage accounted for a large percentage. It is a global disease affecting human health, with high incidence rate, low malignant degree and other characteristics. After decades of exploration, anti-HER2 targeted therapy in breast has made breakthrough progress, obtained encouraging clinical efficacy, and fully improved the quality of the life of patients. Because of this, more and more researchers are focusing on anti-HER2 in metastatic lung cancer targeting research. For the past few years, new targeted drugs have been constantly developed for anti-HER2 in metastatic lung cancer, and promising data results have been obtained in clinical trials and cohort study. This article provides a review of the clinical research progress of anti-HER2 targeted therapy in metastatic lung cancer in recent years, with a view to further guiding clinical treatment and providing more treatment options for patients.

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Crizotinib inhibition of ROS1-positive tumours in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a Canadian perspective

Current Oncology ◽

10.3747/co.26.5137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. G. Bebb ◽

J. Agulnik ◽

R. Albadine ◽

S. Banerji ◽

G. Bigras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Small Cell ◽

Driver Mutations ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Ros1 Rearrangement

The ROS1 kinase is an oncogenic driver in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fusion events involving the ROS1 gene are found in 1%–2% of NSCLC patients and lead to deregulation of a tyrosine kinase–mediated multi-use intracellular signalling pathway, which then promotes the growth, proliferation, and progression of tumour cells. ROS1 fusion is a distinct molecular subtype of NSCLC, found independently of other recognized driver mutations, and it is predominantly identified in younger patients (<50 years of age), women, never-smokers, and patients with adenocarcinoma histology. Targeted inhibition of the aberrant ros1 kinase with crizotinib is associated with increased progression-free survival (PFS) and improved quality-of-life measures. As the sole approved treatment for ROS1-rearranged NSCLC, crizotinib has been demonstrated, through a variety of clinical trials and retrospective analyses, to be a safe, effective, well-tolerated, and appropriate treatment for patients having the ROS1 rearrangement. Canadian physicians endorse current guidelines which recommend that all patients with nonsquamous advanced NSCLC, regardless of clinical characteristics, be tested for ROS1 rearrangement. Future integration of multigene testing panels into the standard of care could allow for efficient and cost-effective comprehensive testing of all patients with advanced NSCL. If a ROS1 rearrangement is found, treatment with crizotinib, preferably in the first-line setting, constitutes the standard of care, with other treatment options being investigated, as appropriate, should resistance to crizotinib develop.

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Nasal Sinus Esthesioneuroblastoma: A Case Report

10.47363/jonrr/2020(1)108 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Mossé B.A Wilfried ◽

◽

Patricia Agbanglanon ◽

Compaoré Bertrand ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Treatment ◽

Bone Structure ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Facial Bone ◽

Nasal Sinus ◽

Free Survival ◽

Disease Free ◽

Better Than

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare malignant neoplasm originating from the olfactory epithelium located in the upper part of the nasal cavities. The treatment is not yet well codified; external surgery and radiotherapy were the standard treatment. We have reported a case of a 20-year-hold patient treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and then adjuvant chemotherapy. The prognosis of these malignant tumors is similar to that of ethmoid adenocarcinomas and better than that of squamous carcinomas of the facial bone structure. 5-year overall and disease-free survival averaged 45%.

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The predictive value of lncRNA MIR31HG expression on clinical outcomes in patients with solid malignant tumors

10.21203/rs.2.22773/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Tu ◽

Xiaolei Ren ◽

Jieyu He ◽

Shuangqing Li ◽

Lin Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Tumor Stage ◽

Advanced Tumor Stage ◽

Advanced Tumor ◽

Tcga Dataset

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Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/persp1.sig13.162 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (13) ◽

pp. 162-168

Author(s):

Pippa Hales ◽

Corinne Mossey-Gaston

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Vocal Cord Palsy ◽

Subsequent Treatment ◽

Physiological Reserve ◽

Palliative Phase ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact ◽

Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

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Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm to Estimate the Response to Drug in Lung Cancer Patients

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207322666190125151624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 734-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Baoling Guo ◽

Qiuxiang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Side Effects ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Drug Response ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Cancer Resistance ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Bayes Algorithm

Aim and Objective: Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous cancer, due to the significant differences in molecular levels, resulting in different clinical manifestations of lung cancer patients there is a big difference. Including disease characterization, drug response, the risk of recurrence, survival, etc. Method: Clinical patients with lung cancer do not have yet particularly effective treatment options, while patients with lung cancer resistance not only delayed the treatment cycle but also caused strong side effects. Therefore, if we can sum up the abnormalities of functional level from the molecular level, we can scientifically and effectively evaluate the patients' sensitivity to treatment and make the personalized treatment strategies to avoid the side effects caused by over-treatment and improve the prognosis. Result & Conclusion: According to the different sensitivities of lung cancer patients to drug response, this study screened out genes that were significantly associated with drug resistance. The bayes model was used to assess patient resistance.

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