scholarly journals Self-monitoring of blood glucose as an essential component of exerting total control over diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
E. V Biryukova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Lowering Therapy

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease associated with the development of micro-and macrovascular complications, prevention of which is an important task of modern medicine. Achieving and maintaining blood glucose levels close to normal, however, is almost impossible without the full participation of the patient in the treatment of diabetes. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SAG) is the basis of the effectiveness of glucose-lowering therapy and prevention of hypoglycemia. This article discusses the recommended frequency of SCG depending on the type of diabetes. For measuring blood sugar at home now a variety of devices is available. Selection of quality meter is determined by ease of use, ease of operation of the device, ease of preparation and fair presentation of results of the results of measurement.

scholarly journals Priorities of self-monitoring of blood glucose in a treatment of diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Elena V. Biryukova ◽  
Mikhail V. Shinkin ◽  
Catherine S. Ganekova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Lowering Therapy

Aim. To describe a role of self-monitoring of glycemia in a treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and in a prevention of vascular complications of DM. Materials and methods. Data of 57 scientific sources from Russian and foreign literature published within 2005-2017 are considered. Results and conclusions. DM is a chronic disease associated with a development of micro- and macrovascular complications and to prevent them is an important task of modern medicine. In patients with DM an incidence of cardiovascular diseases is 2-3 times higher compared with the general population. Hyperglycemia is among the major damaging factors for the cardiovascular system. Clinical studies have clearly demonstrated that programs of therapeutic management of diabetic patients which include regular self-monitoring of glycemia lead to a better reduction of glycated hemoglobin levels compared to programs without self-monitoring as well as they help many patients to avoid late complications. СКГ rate is correlated with glycated hemoglobin levels. Regular self-monitoring allows you to avoid sudden and dangerous fluctuations in glycemia, including hypoglycemia, which contribute to high cardiovascular risk. The use of self-monitoring of glycemia in combination with structured patient education is associated with improving the quality of life of patients with DM. Current view on self-monitoring implies a certain frequency of blood glucose systematic measurement (varies depending on the type of glucose-lowering therapy and the degree of diabetes compensation) and is an important reference point used by both the doctor and the patient to assess a treatment outcome and to correct it if necessary. An availability of modern glucometers and skills of their correct and regular use turn a patient into an active and valuable participant in a management of DM. Achieving and maintaining the target glycemia levels depends largely on an accuracy of the glucometer since measurement results provide the basis for changing a glucose-lowering therapy if necessary. From the physician's point of view, the most important criterion for selecting a glucometer is compliance with the accuracy standards, and from the patient’s point of view this is convenience and ease of use. Thanks to improving technologies that increases an accuracy of blood glucose measurements, the procedure for self-monitoring of glycemia is simplified, which contributes to glucose-lowering therapy effectiveness and treatment compliance.

Modern technologies in diabetes management - continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Pyankova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Anshakova ◽  
I.A. Pyankov ◽  
S.V. Yegorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Insulin Pump Therapy ◽  
Pump Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Glucose Lowering Therapy

The problems of complications of diabetes mellitus cannot be solved without constant monitoring of blood glucose levels. The evolution of additional technologies for the determination of glucose in the blood of the last decades makes it possible to more accurately predict the risks of complications, both in the individual and in the patient population as a whole. The article provides an overview of the methods used in modern diabetology, facilitating control over the variability of blood glucose levels and helping in a more accurate selection of glucose-lowering therapy. All presented methods are currently working in real clinical practice in the Khabarovsk Krai

Accuracy of Devices for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Including Hypoglycemic Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes Care ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Zenob ◽  
A. Keller ◽  
S. E. Jaeggi-Groisman ◽  
Y. Glatz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

scholarly journals Leptin contributes to the beneficial effects of insulin treatment in streptozotocin-diabetic male mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. E1264-E1273
Author(s):  
Ursula H. Neumann ◽  
Michelle M. Kwon ◽  
Robert K. Baker ◽  
Timothy J. Kieffer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Lowering Effect

It was long thought that the only hormone capable of reversing the catabolic consequences of diabetes was insulin. However, various studies have demonstrated that the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin can robustly lower blood glucose levels in rodent models of insulin-deficient diabetes. In addition, it has been suggested that some of the metabolic manifestations of insulin-deficient diabetes are due to hypoleptinemia as opposed to hypoinsulinemia. Because insulin therapy increases leptin levels, we sought to investigate the contribution of leptin to the beneficial effects of insulin therapy. To do this, we tested insulin therapy in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic mice that were either on an ob/ ob background or that were given a leptin antagonist to determine if blocking leptin action would blunt the glucose-lowering effects of insulin therapy. We found that STZ diabetic ob/ ob mice have a diminished blood glucose-lowering effect in response to insulin therapy compared with STZ diabetic controls and exhibited more severe weight loss post-STZ injection. In addition, STZ diabetic mice administered a leptin antagonist through daily injection or plasmid expression respond less robustly to insulin therapy as assessed by both fasting blood glucose levels and blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. However, leptin antagonism did not prevent the insulin-induced reduction in β-hydroxybutyrate and triglyceride levels. Therefore, we conclude that elevated leptin levels can contribute to the glucose-lowering effect of insulin therapy in insulin-deficient diabetes.

False Elevation of Blood Glucose Levels Measured by GDH-PQQ-BASED Glucometers Occurs during all Daily Dwells in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Using Icodextrin

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Yeh Tsai ◽  
Su-Chu Lee ◽  
Chi-Chih Hung ◽  
Jia-Jung Lee ◽  
Mei-Chuan Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

♦ ObjectiveFalse elevation of blood glucose levels measured by glucose dehydrogenase pyrroloquinoline quinone (GDH-PQQ)-based glucose self-monitoring systems; glucometer) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients using icodextrin solution has been well documented. However, adverse hypoglycemic events caused by misreadings for blood glucose are still being reported. We aimed to study blood glucose levels measured simultaneously using different methods in PD patients with switching of icodextrin, and throughout daily exchanges either using icodextrin or not.♦ DesignWe recruited 100 PD patients, including 40 using icodextrin; 128 hemodialysis patients served as a reference. Fasting serum glucose was measured using our laboratory reference method (LAB) and 2 glucose self-monitoring systems based on glucose dehydrogenase nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (GDH-NAD) and GDH-PQQ respectively. 80 PD patients had a second follow-up study. A time course study was performed in 16 PD patients through measuring fingertip glucose using the 2 glucose self-monitoring systems during daily exchanges.♦ ResultThe differences in measured serum glucose levels in (PQQ minus LAB) versus (NAD minus LAB) were markedly increased in PD patients using icodextrin compared to other patient groups, and was further confirmed by the follow-up study in patients that switched to icodextrin. The high serum glucose levels measured by the GDH-PQQ-based glucose self-monitoring system were present throughout all exchanges during the day in patients using icodextrin solution.♦ ConclusionsFalse elevation of blood glucose measured by GDH-PQQ-based glucose self-monitoring systems exists in patients using icodextrin. To avoid misinterpretation of hyperglycemia and subsequent over-injection of insulin, GDH-PQQ-based glucose self-monitoring systems should not be used in PD patients.

scholarly journals Glucose-Responsive Microneedle Patches for Diabetes Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Chen ◽  
Jicheng Yu ◽  
Zhen Gu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Diabetes Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Antidiabetic therapeutics, including insulin as well as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and its analogs, are essential for people with diabetes to regulate their blood glucose levels. Nevertheless, conventional treatments based on hypodermic administration is commonly associated with poor blood glucose control, a lack of patient compliance, and a high risk of hypoglycemia. Closed-loop drug delivery strategies, also known as self-regulated administration, which can intelligently govern the drug release kinetics in response to the fluctuation in blood glucose levels, show tremendous promise in diabetes therapy. In the meantime, the advances in the development and use of microneedle (MN)-array patches for transdermal drug delivery offer an alternative method to conventional hypodermic administration. Hence, glucose-responsive MN-array patches for the treatment of diabetes have attracted increasing attentions in recent years. This review summarizes recent advances in glucose-responsive MN-array patch systems. Their opportunities and challenges for clinical translation are also discussed.

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