CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS: FORECAST FOR EUROPEAN RUSSIA AND RUSSIAN FAR EAST

2018 ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
E.A. Grigorieva ◽  
◽  
A.A. Notov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
European Russia

scholarly journals Climate Change and Health in the Russian Far East

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
P.Ya. Baklanov ◽  
V.V. Bogatov ◽  
S.A. Lozovskaya ◽  
M.B. Shtets
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Climate Change And Health ◽  
The Russian Far East

scholarly journals Evaluating the Sensitivity of Growing Degree Days as an Agro-Climatic Indicator of the Climate Change Impact: A Case Study of the Russian Far East

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Grigorieva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Thermal Component ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Russian Far East

Climate is a key factor in agriculture, but we are unable to adequately predict future climates. Although some studies have addressed the short and long-run impacts of climate change on agriculture, few of them specifically focused on the analysis of its thermal component. Climatic regions with an extreme thermal range are a special case, as seasonal contrasts complicate the picture. Based on the above, the purpose of the paper is twofold. First, we review methods and indices used for the estimation of changes in the thermal component of the climate and demonstrate the usefulness of a sensitivity assessment methodology that gives some indication of the likely spatial extent of areas of high or low sensitivity to climate change and the size of the potential impact of that change, which is specifically beneficial in regions with high temperature extremes. Secondly, we constructed a composite indicator, called the Growing Degree Day Sensitivity Index (GDDSI) and defined as the percentage change in Growing Degree Day (GDD) for warming scenarios +1, +2 and +3 °C. GDDs were calculated for threshold base air temperatures of 0, 5, 10 and 15 °C, and a high-temperature limit of 30 °C. A GDD sensitivity analysis was applied to the thermally extreme climate of the Russian Far East. We analyzed the data of 50 weather stations across the study region over the period 1966–2017. The results show a strong GDDSI north-to-south gradient. In most cases, the sensitivity does not increase significantly as the warming rate increases. The higher the base threshold, the higher the sensitivity: GDDs with a threshold at 15 °C had the highest sensitivity in the far north of the study area where conditions are currently marginal for crop growth. The sensitivity analysis circumnavigates the difficulty of uncertainty in knowing what future climate to expect and informs planning decisions. The mapped results are useful for identifying areas of high sensitivity to climate change as well as the magnitude of the potential impact of that change.

New records of Vaucheria (Ochrophyta, Xanthophyceae) in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-41
Author(s):  
V. S. Vishnyakov ◽  
R. E. Romanov ◽  
E. V. Chemeris ◽  
L. M. Kipriyanova ◽  
A. M. Chernova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
New Records ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
The Russian Far East

This paper presents new data on the species of genus Vaucheria in Russia from analysis of original and museum collections. In total, 20 species were identified in 152 locations of 22 administrative regions of the European Russia, Western Siberia, and the Russian Far East. Vaucheria lii, a rare multiregional species new to Russia, has been found in 6 locations of the Vologda, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Yaroslavl regions and North Ossetia. V. cruciata, V. schleicheri, V. taylorii, V. uncinata were recorded for the European Russia for the first time. V. birostris and V. pseudogeminata are new records for Western Siberia. Rank of V. terrestris var. nuoljae was raised up to separate species with V. terrestris var. major as a new synonym. The distributions of the frequently reported species, V. dichotoma and V. geminata, are critically analyzed.

scholarly journals Year-round simulated methane emissions from a permafrost ecosystem in Northeast Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2691-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Castro-Morales ◽  
Thomas Kleinen ◽  
Sonja Kaiser ◽  
Sönke Zaehle ◽  
Fanny Kittler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Permafrost Thaw

Abstract. Wetlands of northern high latitudes are ecosystems highly vulnerable to climate change. Some degradation effects include soil hydrologic changes due to permafrost thaw, formation of deeper active layers, and rising topsoil temperatures that accelerate the degradation of permafrost carbon and increase in CO2 and CH4 emissions. In this work we present 2 years of modeled year-round CH4 emissions into the atmosphere from a Northeast Siberian region in the Russian Far East. We use a revisited version of the process-based JSBACH-methane model that includes four CH4 transport pathways: plant-mediated transport, ebullition and molecular diffusion in the presence or absence of snow. The gas is emitted through wetlands represented by grid cell inundated areas simulated with a TOPMODEL approach. The magnitude of the summertime modeled CH4 emissions is comparable to ground-based CH4 fluxes measured with the eddy covariance technique and flux chambers in the same area of study, whereas wintertime modeled values are underestimated by 1 order of magnitude. In an annual balance, the most important mechanism for transport of methane into the atmosphere is through plants (61 %). This is followed by ebullition ( ∼  35 %), while summertime molecular diffusion is negligible (0.02 %) compared to the diffusion through the snow during winter ( ∼  4 %). We investigate the relationship between temporal changes in the CH4 fluxes, soil temperature, and soil moisture content. Our results highlight the heterogeneity in CH4 emissions at landscape scale and suggest that further improvements to the representation of large-scale hydrological conditions in the model will facilitate a more process-oriented land surface scheme and better simulate CH4 emissions under climate change. This is especially necessary at regional scales in Arctic ecosystems influenced by permafrost thaw.

Selection of the Area of Window Openings of Residential Buildings in Conditions of Monsoon Climate of the Far East of the Russian Federation and Northern Areas of China

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Aleksei K. Solovyov ◽  
Bi Guofu
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
Heat Penetration ◽  
Large Heat

The term “window” in architecture usually stands for an opening in a wall or roof for penetration of natural light, sunrays and fresh air in premises. Recently, the requirement of contact with environment is added to this condition. It is especially relevant for residential buildings where rooms are considered residential if they have windows. The energy consumption of a building depends on sizes, form and location of windows. In winter, windows cause huge heat losses, in summer, on the other hand, large heat enters a building via the windows and is required to be removed by means of air conditioning. Moreover, windows are used for penetration of natural light in premises, which assists in saving of large amounts of power for artificial illumination. This article discusses partial solving the problem of the energy efficiency of residential buildings by determining the most efficient area of windows in terms of energy spending for compensation of heat losses via windows in winter, elimination of heat penetration through them in summer and energy losses for artificial lighting throughout the year. The analysis of the results of calculation of power consumption for residential premises in conditions of monsoon climate of the Russian Far East and Northern areas of China (PRC) is provided.

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