scholarly journals MAPPING SOLAR RADIATION AT DIFFERENT TIMESCALES USING BOTH SUNSHINE DURATION AND DIURNAL TEMPERATURE RANGE IN CHINA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidong Zeng ◽  
Hong Du ◽  
Hui Wan ◽  
Jinfeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Analysis of Diurnal Temperature Range: Effect of Urbanization, Cloud Cover, Solar Radiation, and Precipitation

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Pyrgou ◽  
Mattheos Santamouris ◽  
Iro Livada
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Daily Minimum Temperature ◽  
Urban Station ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

High daily temperatures in the Mediterranean and Europe have been documented in observation and modeling studies. Long-term temperature data, from 1988 to 2017, from a suburban station and an urban station in Nicosia, Cyprus have been analyzed, and the diurnal temperature range (DTR) trend was investigated. The seasonal Mann–Kendall test revealed a decreasing DTR trend of −0.24 °C/decade at the urban station and −0.36 °C/decade at the suburban station, which were attributed to an increase in the daily minimum temperature. Variations in precipitation, longwave radiation, ultraviolet-A (UVA), ultraviolet-B (UVB), cloud cover, water vapor, and urbanization were used to assess their possible relationship with regional DTR. The clustering of daytime and night-time data showed a strong relationship between the DTR and observed cloud cover, net longwave radiation, and precipitation. Clouds associated with smaller shortwave and net longwave radiation reduce the DTR by decreasing the surface solar radiation, while atmospheric absolute humidity denotes an increased daytime surface evaporative cooling and higher absorption of the short and longwave radiation. The intra-cluster variation could be reduced, and the inter-cluster variance increased by the addition of other meteorological parameters and anthropogenic sources that affect DTR in order to develop a quantitative basis for assessing DTR variations.

Spatiotemporal change of diurnal temperature range and its relationship with sunshine duration and precipitation in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (23) ◽  
pp. 13,163-13,179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjin Shen ◽  
Binhui Liu ◽  
Guangdi Li ◽  
Zhengfang Wu ◽  
Yinghua Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Spatiotemporal Change ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

scholarly journals Variability and trend of diurnal temperature range in China and their relationship to total cloud cover and sunshine duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Xia
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Radiative Effect ◽  
Total Cloud Cover ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions

Abstract. This study aims to investigate the effect of total cloud cover (TCC) and sunshine duration (SSD) in the variation of diurnal temperature range (DTR) in China during 1954–2009. As expected, the inter-annual variation of DTR was mainly determined by TCC. Analysis of trends of 30-year moving windows of DTR and TCC time series showed that TCC changes could account for that of DTR in some cases. However, TCC decreased during 1954–2009, which did not support DTR reduction across China. DTRs under sky conditions such as clear, cloudy and overcast showed nearly the same decreasing rate that completely accounted for the overall DTR reduction. Nevertheless, correlation between SSD and DTR was weak and not significant under clear sky conditions in which aerosol direct radiative effect should be dominant. Furthermore, 30–60% of DTR reduction was associated with DTR decrease under overcast conditions in south China. This implies that aerosol direct radiative effect appears not to be one of the main factors determining long-term changes in DTR in China.

scholarly journals Diurnal temperature range over Europe between 1950 and 2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 6483-6498 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Makowski ◽  
M. Wild ◽  
A. Ohmura
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Incoming Solar Radiation

Abstract. It has been widely accepted that diurnal temperature range (DTR) decreased on a global scale during the second half of the twentieth century. Here we show however, that the long-term trend of annual DTR has reversed from a decrease to an increase during the 1970s in Western Europe and during the 1980s in Eastern Europe. The analysis is based on the high-quality dataset of the European Climate Assessment and Dataset Project, from which we selected approximately 200 stations covering the area bordered by Iceland, Algeria, Turkey and Russia for the period 1950 to 2005. We investigate national and regional annual means as well as the pan-European mean with respect to trends and reversal periods. 17 of the 24 investigated regions including the pan-European mean show a statistical significant increase of DTR since 1990 at the latest. Of the remaining 7 regions, two show a non-significant increase, three a significant decrease and two no significant trend. Changes in DTR are affected by both surface shortwave and longwave radiation, the former of which has undergone a change from dimming to brightening in the period considered. Consequently, we discuss the connections between DTR, shortwave radiation and sulfur emissions which are thought to be amongst the most important factors influencing the incoming solar radiation through the primary and secondary aerosol effect. We find reasonable agreement between trends in SO2 emissions, radiation and DTR in areas affected by high pollution. Consequently, we conclude that the trends in DTR could be mostly determined by changes in emissions and the associated changes in incoming solar radiation.

scholarly journals Diurnal temperature range over Europe between 1950 and 2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7051-7084 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Makowski ◽  
M. Wild ◽  
A. Ohmura
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Incoming Solar Radiation

Abstract. It has been widely accepted that diurnal temperature range (DTR) decreased on a global scale during the second half of the twentieth century. Here we show however, that the long-term trend of annual DTR has reversed from a decrease to an increase during the 1970s in Western Europe and during the 1980s in Eastern Europe. The analysis is based on the high-quality dataset of the European Climate Assessment and Dataset Project, from which we selected approximately 200 stations, covering the area from Iceland to Algeria and from Turkey to Russia for 1950 to 2005. We investigate national and regional annual means as well as the pan-European mean with respect to trends and reversal periods. 17 of the 24 investigated regions including the pan-European mean show a statistical significant increase since 1990 at the latest. Of the remaining 7 regions, 2 show a non-significant increase, 3 a significant decrease and the remaining 2 no significant trend. The long-term change in DTR is governed by both surface shortwave and longwave radiation, the former of which has undergone a change from dimming to brightening. Consequently, we discuss the connections between DTR, shortwave radiation and sulfur emissions which are thought to be amongst the most important factors influencing the incoming solar radiation through the primary and secondary aerosol effect. We find reasonable agreement between trends in SO2 emissions, radiation and DTR in areas affected by high pollution. Consequently, we conclude that the long-term trends in DTR are mostly determined by changes in emissions and the associated changes in incoming solar radiation.

scholarly journals Fifty-six years of Surface Solar Radiation and Sunshine Duration at the Surface in São Paulo, Brazil: 1961–2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Akemi Yamasoe ◽  
Nilton Manuel Évora do Rosário ◽  
Samantha Novaes Santos Martins Almeida ◽  
Martin Wild
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Negative Trend ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Surface Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

Abstract. Fifty-six years (1961–2016) of daily surface downward solar irradiation, sunshine duration, diurnal temperature range and the fraction of the sky covered by clouds in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. The main purpose was to contribute to the characterization and understanding of the dimming and brightening effects on solar global radiation in this part of South America. As observed in most of the previous studies worldwide, in this study, during the period between 1961 up to the early 1980's, more specifically up to 1983, a negative trend in surface solar irradiation was detected in São Paulo, characterizing the occurrence of a dimming effect. A similar behavior, a negative trend, was also observed for sunshine duration and the diurnal temperature range, the three variables in opposition to the trend in the sky cover fraction. However, a brightening effect, as observed in western industrialized countries in more recent years, was not observed. Instead, for surface downward irradiation, the negative trend persisted and still in consonance to the cloud cover fraction increasing trend. The trends for sunshine duration and the diurnal temperature range, by contrast, changed signal. Some possible causes for the discrepancy were discussed, such as the frequency of fog occurrence, urban heat island effects, aerosol changes and greenhouse gas concentration increase. Future studies on aerosol effect are encouraged, particularly with higher temporal resolution as well as modeling studies, to better analyze the contribution of each possible causes.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study of Geographic and Seasonal Variations in Diurnal Temperature Range

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3205-3221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence S. Jackson ◽  
Piers M. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

Abstract The diurnal temperature range (DTR) of surface air over land varies geographically and seasonally. The authors have investigated these variations using generalized additive models (GAMs), a nonlinear regression methodology. With DTR as the response variable, meteorological and land surface parameters were treated as explanatory variables. Regression curves related the deviation of DTR from its mean value to values of the meteorological and land surface variables. Cloud cover, soil moisture, distance inland, solar radiation, and elevation were combined as explanatory variables in an ensemble of 84 GAM models that used data grouped into seven vegetation types and 12 months. The ensemble explained 80% of the geographical and seasonal variation in DTR. Vegetation type and cloud cover exhibited the strongest relationships with DTR. Shortwave radiation, distance inland, and elevation were positively correlated with DTR, whereas cloud cover and soil moisture were negatively correlated. A separate analysis of the surface energy budget showed that changes in net longwave radiation represented the effects of solar and hydrological variation on DTR. It is found that vegetation and its associated climate is important for DTR variation in addition to the climatic influence of cloud cover, soil moisture, and solar radiation. It is also found that surface net longwave radiation is a powerful diagnostic of DTR variation, explaining over 95% of the seasonal variation of DTR in tropical regions.

scholarly journals Crop model sensitivity to the estimated daily global solar radiation data

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Pavel Kapler ◽  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
Zdeněk Žalud ◽  
Josef Eitzinger
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Significant Yield

The results of the previous studies have suggested that the estimated RG values are loaded with an error, which might compromise the precision of the subsequent crop model applications. Therefore a detailed analysis of the error propagation was made using two crop models i.e. CERES-Barley and CERES-Wheat. Database of meteorological data originating from 8 stations in Austria and Czech Republic was used in order to carry out the analysis. It has been found that even application of the method based on sunshine duration that yield the lowest bias in RG estimates significantly influences number of key crop model outputs. It has been also noted that in 5–6 seasons out of 100 cases the deviation greater than ±10 % is to be expected whilst the occurrence of ±25% could not be also ruled out. The precision of the yield estimates and other crop model outputs is lower then expected but still acceptable for most application with mean bias error in range of 2.0–4.1% when estimates based on the diurnal temperature range and cloud cover are used. In this case yield deviations over ±10% occurred in about 20% cases (depending on the crop) whilst the probability of significant yield departure (±25%) doubled of that found for the previous method. The methods based on the diurnal temperature range and daily precipitation sum showed an increase of the systematic bias of yield of winter wheat and considerably higher number of seasons with yield departures over ±25%. Utilisation of the methods based on the diurnal temperature range only for the purposes of seasonal yield forecasting or climate change impact assessment is questionable as the probability of significant yield departure is very high (as well as the systematic error). These findings should act as an incentive to the further research aimed at development of more precise and widely applicable methods of estimating daily RG based more on the underlying physical principles and/or remote sensing approach. Overall decrease of the existing uncertainties in the RG estimates would clearly result into increase of the reliability of subsequent applications that use RG as input variable.

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